The boring billion? – Lid tectonics, continental growth and environmental change associated with the Columbia supercontinent

The evolution of Earth＇s biosphere,atmosphere and hydrosphere is tied to the formation of continental crust and its subsequent movements on tectonic plates.The supercontinent cycle posits that the continental crust is periodically amalgamated into a single landmass,subsequently breaking up and dispersing into various continental fragments.Columbia is possibly the first true supercontinent,it amalgamated during the 2.0-1.7 Ga period,and collisional orogenesis resulting from its formation peaked at 1.95-1.85 Ga.Geological and palaeomagnetic evidence indicate that Columbia remained as a quasi-integral continental lid until at least 1.3 Ga.Numerous break-up attempts are evidenced by dyke swarms with a large temporal and spatial range; however,palaeomagnetic and geologic evidence suggest these attempts remained unsuccessful.Rather than dispersing into continental fragments,the Columbia supercontinent underwent only minor modifications to form the next supercontinent （Rodinia） at 1.1 -0.9 Ga; these included the transformation of external accretionary belts into the internal Grenville and equivalent collisional belts.Although Columbia provides evidence for a form of ‘lid tectonics’,modern style plate tectonics occurred on its periphery in the form of accretionary orogens.The detrital zircon and preserved geological record are compatible with an increase in the volume of continental crust during Columbia＇s lifespan; this is a consequence of the continuous accretionary processes along its margins.The quiescence in plate tectonic movements during Columbia＇s lifespan is correlative with a long period of stability in Earth＇s atmospheric and oceanic chemistry.Increased variability starting at 1.3 Ga in the environmental record coincides with the transformation of Columbia to Rodinia; thus,the link between plate tectonics and environmental change is strengthened with this interpretation of supercontinent history.     

L'évolution magmatique du Complexe de Morin et son apport au problème des anorthosites

The Morin Plutonic Complex, in the southern part of the Grenville tectonic province (Canadian Shield) consists of a rock suite ranging from troctolite to farsundite. The centre of the complex is a large domical anorthosite body. Twenty-six chemical analyses have been carried out in order to compare the Morin Complex with similar complexes in the Grenville and Nain provinces. Variation diagrams constructed by plotting the major oxides vs. the differentiation index Al₂O₃+CaO+MgO show a gap between troctolite and anorthosite in the Morin Complex whereas this gap is absent in the anorogenic complexes of Labrador (Nain province). It is inferred that this gap is the result of intrusion, from the same magma chamber, of two distinct pulses separated by an intervening period of crustal uplift.A second gap occurs between anorthosites and farsundites in all complexes as yet investigated. This gap is an argument for an independent, possibly anatectic, origin of the farsundites.Mineral assemblages in the Morin Complex are compatible with cooling in the lower crust, at a depth of approximately 30 km.     

大庙斜长岩同位素地质年龄、稀土地球化学及其地质意义

大庙斜长岩的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄测定呈现出一条典型的马鞍型年龄谱,在中温阶段有二个明显的坪年龄1656±15 Ma和1029±7 Ma,结合其构造位置和全球斜长岩分布来看,它们分别代表了侵位年龄和后期热扰动的时代。密云奥长环斑花岗岩中角闪石的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar坪年龄为1716±21 Ma。两者时空上密切相关,代表了裂谷作用初期非造山环境中双模式岩浆作用产物。斜长岩类和苏长岩之间稀土配分模式的相似性表明,它们明显为同一成因的岩浆分异系列的产物。     

Isotopic geochronological evidence for the Paleoproterozoic age of gold mineralization in Archean greenstone belts of Karelia, the Baltic Shield

The Rb-Sr age of metasomatic rocks from four gold deposits and occurrences localized in Archean granite-greenstone belts of the western, central, and southern Karelian Craton of the Baltic Shield has been determined. At the Pedrolampi deposit in central Karelia, the dated Au-bearing beresite and quartz-carbonate veins are located in the shear zone and replace Mesoarchean (～2.9 Ga) mafic and felsic metavolcanic rocks of the Koikar-Kobozero greenstone belt. At the Taloveis ore occurrence in the Kostomuksha greenstone belt of western Karelia, the dated beresite replaces Neoarchean (～2.7 Ga) granitoids and is conjugated with quartz veins in the shear zone. At the Faddeinkelja occurrence of southern Karelia, Aubearing beresite in the large tectonic zone, which transects Archean granite and Paleoproterozoic mafic dikes, has been studied. At the Hatunoja occurrence in the Jalonvaara greenstone belt of southwestern Karelia, the studied quartz veins and related gold mineralization are localized in Archean granitoids. The Rb-Sr isochrons based on whole-rock samples and minerals from ore-bearing and metasomatic wall rocks and veins yielded ～1.7 Ga for all studied objects. This age is interpreted as the time of development of ore-bearing tectonic zones and ore-forming hydrothermal metasomatic alteration. New isotopic data in combination with the results obtained by our precursors allow us to recognize the Paleoproterozoic stage of gold mineralization in the Karelian Craton. This stage was unrelated to the Archean crust formation in the Karelian Block and is a repercussion of the Paleoproterozoic (2.0–1.7 Ga) crust-forming tectonic cycle, which gave rise to the formation of the Svecofennian and Lapland-Kola foldbelts in the framework of the Karelain Craton. The oreforming capability of Paleoproterozoic tectonics in the Archean complexes of the Karelian Craton was probably not great, and its main role consisted in reworking of the Archean gold mineralization of various genetic types, including the inferred orogenic mesothermal gold concentrations.     

Granitoids from Western and Northwestern Anatolia: Geochemistry and Modeling of Geodynamic Evolution

Magmatic rocks of variable age and composition crop out extensively in Western and Northwestern Anatolia. In the present study we subdivide these granitoids according to their ages. The young granitoids (Late Cretaceous to Late Miocene) develop high-temperature metamorphic aureoles. Six isochronous belts are defined, which become progressively younger from north to south. The late Eocene to late Miocene granitoid belts are curved and open to the southwest. The old granitoids (Cambrian to Middle Jurassic) are present in the northwestern and northern parts of Anatolia. Many of their radiometric ages are disturbed as a result of later tectonic events responsible for the present-day structure of Western Turkey. Except for Cambrian granitoids, these rocks result from a series of northward-dipping subduction zones of Hercynian to Late Carboniferous age, along the Karakaya trench up to the Late Triassic, along and north of the Izmir-Ankara zone during the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous, and possibly north of the Hellenic subduction zone since the Paleogene.     

Initiation Timing of the Jiamusi–Yitong Fault Zone in NE China

The NE–striking Jiamusi–Yitong fault zone(JYFZ) is the most important branch in the northern segment of the Tancheng–Lujiang fault zone. The precise shearing time of its large–scale sinistral strike–slip has yet to determined and must be constrained. Detailed field investigations and comprehensive analyses show that strike–slip faults or ductile shear belts exist as origination structures along the western region of Yitong Graben. The strike of the shear belts trend to the NE–SW with steep mylonitic foliation. The zircon U–Pb dating result for the granite was 264.1±1 Ma in the ductile shear belt of the JYFZ. The microstructural observation(rotated feldspar porphyroclasts, S–C fabrics, and quartz c–axis fabrics, etc.) demonstrated the sinistral shearing of the ductile shear zones. Moreover, the recrystallized quartz types show a transitional stage of the subgrain rotation toward the recrystallization of the grain boundary migration(SR–GBM). Therefore, we suggest that the metamorphic grade of the shear zone in the ductile shear zones should have reached high greenschist facies conditions, and the deformation temperatures should approximately 450–500°C, which is obviously higher than the blocking temperature of muscovite(300–400°C). Hence, the ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar isochron age of muscovite from ductile shear zones should be a cooling age(162.7±1 Ma). We infer that the sinistral strike–slipping event at the JYFZ occurred in the late Jurassic period, and it was further inferred from the ages of the main geological events in this region that the second sinistral strike–slip age of the Tancheng–Lujiang fault zone occurred during the period of tectonic movements in the Circum–Pacific tectonic domain. This discovery also indicates the age of the Tancheng–Lujiang fault zone that stretches to northeastern China. The initiation of the JYFZ in the late Jurassic is related to the speed and direction of oblique subduction of the west Pacific Plate under the Eurasian continent and is responsible for collision during the Jurassic period.     

Breaking the Grenville–Sveconorwegian link in Rodinia reconstructions

The Grenville, Sveconorwegian, and Sunsas orogens are typically inferred to reflect collision between Laurentia, Baltica, and Amazonia at ca. 1.0 Ga, forming a central portion of the Rodinia supercontinent. This triple‐junction configuration is often nearly identical in otherwise diverse Rodinia reconstructions. However, available geological data suggest that although the Grenville and Sveconorwegian provinces shared a similar tectonic evolution from pre‐1.8 to ca. 1.5 Ga, they record distinctly different tectonic histories leading up to, during, and possibly following Grenville–Sveconorwegian orogenesis. Moreover, palaeomagnetic data suggest the two continents were separated at peak orogenesis, further invalidating any direct correlation. A number of possible interpretations are permissible with available geological and palaeomagnetic data, of which a “classic” triple‐junction configuration appears least likely. In contrast to the commonly inferred intertwined Proterozoic evolution of Baltica and Laurentia, the possibility remains that they were unrelated for a billion years between 1.5 and 0.45 Ga.     

Change of Conditions of the Formation of the Karelian Province of the Baltic Shield Continental Crust during Transition from Meso- to Neoarchean: Geochemical Study Results

The compositions of the tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) assemblage and volcanic rocks of the Archaean greenstone belts from different domains of the Karelian province of the Baltic Shield are compared. Neoarchean medium felsic volcanic rocks and TTG of the Central Karelian domain drastically differ from analogous Mesoarchean rocks of the neighboring Vodlozero and West Karelian domains in higher Rb, Sr, P, La, and Ce contents and, correspondingly, values of Sr/Y, La/Yb, and La/Sm, and also in a different REE content distribution owing to different rock sources of these domains. This fact is confirmed by differences in the composition and the nature of the REE distribution in the basic and ultrabasic volcanic rocks making up the greenstone belts of these domains. It is established that the average compositions of Mesoarchean TTG rocks and volcanic rocks of the Karelian province differ markedly from those of plagiogranitoids and volcanic rocks of the recent geotectonic environments in high Mg (mg#) and Sr contents. Neoarchean volcanic rocks of Karelia differ from recent island-arc volcanic rocks, but are similar in composition to recent volcanic rocks of the continental arcs. On the basis of the cumulative evidence, the Karelian province of the Baltic Shield was subject to dramatic changes in the crust formation conditions at the beginning of the Neoarchean at the turn of about 2.75–2.78 Ga. These changes led to formation of volcano-sedimentary and plutonic rock complexes, different in composition from Mesoarchean rocks, and specific complexes of intrusive sanukitoids and granites. Changes and variations in the rock composition were related to the mixing of plume sources with continental crust and/or lithospheric mantle material, likely as a result of the combined effect of plumes and plate tectonics. This process resulted in formation of a younger large fragment of the Archean crust such as the Central Karelian domain which factually connected more ancient fragments of the crust and likely contributed to development of the Neoarchean Kenorland Supercontinent.     

Division of tectonic–strata superregions in China

The continent of China is grouped into Pan–Cathaysian blocks, Laurasia and Gondwana Continental margins and relics of three oceans-Paleoasian, Tethys, and Pacific as a whole. In detail, the continent of China grew up by coalescence of three blocks or platforms (North China, Tarim and Yangtze) and eight orogenic belts (Altay–Inner Mongolia–Daxinganling, Tianshan–Junggar–Beishan, Qinling–Qilian– Kunlun, Qiangtang–Sanjiang, Gangdisê, Himalaya, Cathaysia, Eastern Taiwan) during the processes of oceanic crust disappearance and acceretionary-collision of continental crusts. In the orogenic belts, six convergent crustal consumption zones (Ertix–Xar Moron, South Tianshan, Kuanping–Foziling, Bangong co–Shuanghu–Nujiang–Changning–Menglian, Yarlung–Tsangpo, Jiangshao–Chenzhou–Qinfang) have been distinguished. Correspondingly, the strata of the continent of China are subdivided into 17 tectonic-strata superregions, which tectonically belong to three blocks or platforms, six convergent crustal consumption zones and eight orogenic series, respectively. This division is based mainly on differences of tectonic environment and tectonic evolution among blocks, zones and belts, including the timing of when the oceanic crusts transferred into continental crusts, the paleobiogeographic features, and the types of strata.     

Simulation of Paleotectonic Stress Fields and Distribution Prediction of Tectonic Fractures at the Hudi Coal Mine, Qinshui Basin

Study on tectonic fractures based on the inversion of tectonic stress fields is an effective method. In this study, a geological model was set up based on geological data from the Hudi Coal Mine, Qinshui Basin, a mechanical model was established under the condition of rock mechanics and geostress, and the finite element method was used to simulate the paleotectonic stress field. Based on the Griffith and Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the distribution of tectonic fractures in the Shanxi Formation during the Indosinian, Yanshanian, and Himalayan period can be predicted with the index of comprehensive rupture rate. The results show that the acting force of the Pacific Plate and the India Plate to the North China Plate formed the direction of principal stress is N-S, NW-SE, and NE-SW, respectively, in different periods in the study area. Changes in the direction and strength of the acting force led to the regional gradients of tectonic stress magnitude, which resulted in an asymmetrical distribution state of the stress conditions in different periods. It is suggested that the low-stress areas are mainly located in the fault zones and extend along the direction of the fault zones. Furthermore, the high-stress areas are located in the junction of fold belts and the binding site of multiple folds. The development of tectonic fractures was affected by the distribution of stress intensity and the tectonic position of folds and faults, which resulted in some developed areas with level Ⅰ and Ⅱ. There are obvious differences in the development of tectonic fractures in the fold and fault zones and the anticline and syncline structure at the same fold zones. The tectonic fractures of the Shanxi Formation during the Himalayan period are more developed than those during the Indosinian and Yanshanian period due to the superposition of the late tectonic movement to the early tectonic movement and the differences in the magnitude and direction of stress intensity.     

IS THE GRENVILLE PROVINCE AN ANCIENT ANALOGUE OF THE HIMALAYAN BELT?

IS THE GRENVILLE PROVINCE AN ANCIENT ANALOGUE OF THE HIMALAYAN BELT?1　All埁ｇｒｅＣＪ ,2 4others.StructureandevolutionoftheHimalayan Tibetorogenicbelt[J].Nature ,1984,30 7:17～ 2 2 . 2　BurgJP ,DavyP ,MartinodJ .Shorteningofanaloguemodelsofthecontinentallithosphere :Newhypothesisforthefor mationoftheTibetanplateau[J].Tectonics ,1994,13:475～ 483. 3　BurtmanVS ,MolnarP .GeologicalandgeophysicalevidencefordeepsubductionofcontinentalcrustbeneaththePamir[C]…     

新疆伊吾韧性剪切带的发现及其成矿地质作用探讨

新疆伊吾韧性剪切带变形组构较发育,序列演化明显,存在逆冲剪切和韧—脆性变形转换,变形时代为华力西早期,早于晚二叠世。其形成时代应早于研究区岩浆侵入活动时期。变形机制属地壳中深层次塑性流变和韧性剪切,经历了多期多阶段演变等特征。该剪切带控制了该区的成矿带、矿化带、矿体的产状。对中—低温热液金银铜等主要矿产的成矿作用和分布规律作了初步探讨,粗略判断成矿过程大概是在地质事件多发的晚古生代,并且成矿具多期性和多源性。     

Late Sveconorwegian (Grenville) high-pressure granulite facies metamorphism in southwest Sweden

Mafic granulite, garnet amphibolite and charnockite occur in the southwest Swedish part of the Baltic Shield. This part is generally considered to be the continuation of the Grenville collisional belt in Canada. The area with granulite facies rocks, the Southwest Swedish Granulite Region (SGR), is considerably larger than previously thought. The SGR is bounded to the east and west by two major tectonic zones. The first quantitative age data and P–T determinations for the high-grade metamorphism in the SGR are presented.
Conventional geothermobarometry was applied to mafic granulites from five localities. The estimated P–T conditions for the peak of metamorphism range from 705°C and 8.1 kbar at Hallandsås in the south, to 770°C and 10.5 kbar at Ullared in the north (medium- to high- P granulite facies conditions). Sm–Nd geochronology on minerals from the mafic granulites at Hallandsås and Ullared give late Sveconorwegian (Grenville) ages of 907 ± 12 and 916 ± 11 Ma for the high-grade metamorphism, which is considerably younger than previously thought.
Our results stress the hitherto underestimated importance of the late Sveconorwegian high-grade metamorphism in the southwestern part of the Baltic Shield.     

海拉尔-塔木察格盆地中部断陷带构造演化与富油构造带成因机制分析

海拉尔盆地和塔木察格盆地分属于中国和蒙古国,构造上具有统一的构造背景和成盆演化过程。为了整体剖析海拉尔-塔木察格盆地构造演化过程及其对油气运聚成藏的控制作用,本文在明确成盆背景基础上,立足中部断陷带,系统研究了盆地的沉积充填结构、盆地的性质及其叠加演化过程,进而分析了不同演化阶段富油构造带的形成机制及构造演化对油气成藏的控制作用。研究表明,海塔盆地分别由铜钵庙组构成的残留盆地和由南屯组-青元岗组构成的被动裂陷盆地两种不同性质盆地叠加而成,被动裂陷盆地可进一步划分为4个演化阶段,即南一段下、中亚段构成的初始裂陷演化阶段、南一段上亚段-南二段构成的强裂陷演化阶段、大磨拐河组-伊敏组构成的断坳转化演化阶段以及青元岗组构成的坳陷演化阶段。初始裂陷阶段简单剪切走滑变形控制形成的掀斜隆起带,为下部油气系统即南一段下亚段和中亚段的有利勘探方向; 强裂陷阶段的纯剪切伸展变形控制形成的中央隆起带和中央背斜带,为中部油气系统即南一段上亚段和南二段的有利勘探方向; 断坳转化阶段伊二、三沉积晚期的纯剪切张扭变形控制断裂密集带的形成,并指示下部和中部油气系统的油气运聚成藏及富集部位; 伊二、三段末期及坳陷演化阶段的挤压反转变形主要控制了多类型反转构造带的形成,并指示上部次生油气系统即大磨拐河组的油气调整聚集成藏及富集部位。     

Palinspastic reconstruction of the Grenville terrane in the Blue Ridge Geologic Province,southern and central Appalachians,U.S.A

Examinations of Grenville massifs in the Blue Ridge Geologic Province of Virginia and North Carolina indicate that the country rocks (∼ 1100–1450 Ma) are layered gneisses that were metamorphosed during Grenville orogenesis (∼ 1000–1100 Ma) to amphibolite to granulite facies and intruded by plutonic suites. Subsequently, the Grenville terrane was intruded by a suite of peralkaline granitic plutons (∼ 700 Ma) and progressively overlapped westward by Upper Precambrian to Cambrian sedimentary and volcanic rocks. Following deposition of Upper Precambrian and Palaeozoic rocks, the Blue Ridge Geologic Province was subjected to Taconic metamorphism (∼ 450–480 Ma) which generally increased in intensity southeastward from greenschist (chlorite grade) to upper amphibolite (sillimanite grade) facies. Large-scale late Devonian thrusting (∼ 350 Ma) along the Fries fault system and the Brevard zone-Yadkin fault system produced the present day distribution of juxtaposed Grenville massifs and Palaeozoic metamorphic zones in the Blue Ridge Geologic Province. Palinspastic restoration of the Taconic metamorphic zones to their pre-late Devonian relative positions yields an ∼ 50 km displacement on the Fries fault system near the Grandfather Mountain window and and an ∼ 80 km displacement on the Smith River allochthon farther east. Restoration of the Grenville massifs to this same palinspastic base shows that Grenville metamorphic grade decreased southeastward from the deeper granulite facies (opx + gar) to the shallower granulite facies (opx ± amp) to amphibolite facies.     

Deep-crustal break-back stacking and slow exhumation of the continental footwall beneath a thrusted marginal basin, Grenville orogen, Canada

Granulite to upper amphibolite facies ductile thrusting in the Central Gneiss Belt, Grenville orogen, Ontario, represents the tectonic shortening of a continental-scale footwall beneath the thrust-emplaced Central Metasedimentary Belt, during the closure of a postulated back-arc basin (ca. 1.19-1.18 Ga). Break-back stacking in the footwall occurred at mid- to deep-crustal depths (ca. 35 km) within tectonically thickened (ca. 70 km) continental crust, and culminated with renewed thrusting at the base of the overlying Central Metasedimentary Belt (ca. 1.08-1.05 Ga).

The individual mylonite belts which constitute the ductile thrust zones, and the scale of penetrative deformation of the intervening crystalline thrust sheets, are comparable with the largest known examples of high-grade thrust belts elsewhere. They reflect the large-scale thermal and Theological boundary conditions of the deformation. Flow within individual thrust zones may reflect local boundary conditions, such as the rheological behaviour of older thrust sheets and the geometry of interfaces within the thrust stack.

Restoration of the thickness of erosionally removed crustal overburden by break-back thrusting may retard the rates of exhumation and cooling of a mid- to deep-crustal thrust stack.     

U-Pb geochronology of the Grenville Orogen of Ontario and New York: constraints on ancient crustal tectonics

Based on lithological, structural and geophysical characteristics, the Proterozoic Grenville Orogen of southern Ontario and New York has been divided into domains that are separated from each other by ductile shear zones. In order to constrain the timing of metamorphism, U-Pb ages were determined on metamorphic and igneous sphenes from marbles, calc-silicate gneisses, amphibolites, granitoids, skarns and pegmatites. In addition, U-Pb ages were obtained for monazites from metapelites and for a rutile from an amphibolite. These mineral ages constrain the timing of mineral growth, the duration of metamorphism and the cooling history of the different domains that make up the southern part of the exposed Grenville Orogen. Based on the ages from metamorphic minerals, regional and contact metamorphism occurred in the following intervals:Central Granulite Terrane:Adirondack Highlands: 1150 Ma; 1070–1050 Ma; 1030–1000 MaCentral Metasedimentary Belt:Adirondack Lowlands 1170–1130 MaFrontenac domain 1175–1150 MaSharbot Lake domain ca. 1152 MaFlzevir domain: 1240 Ma; 1060–1020 MaBancroft domain: ca. 1150 Ma; 1045–1030 MaCentral Gneiss Belt: ca. 1450 Ma; ca. 1150 Ma; 1100–1050 MaGrenville FrontTectonic Zone ca. 1000 Ma.Combination of mineral ages with results from thermobarometry indicates that metamorphic pressures and temperatures recorded by thermobarometers were reached polychronously in the different domains that are separated by major shear zones. Some of these shear zones such as the Robertson Lake shear zone and the Carthage-Colton shear zone represent major tectonic boundaries. The Grenville Orogen is made up of a collage of crustal terranes that have distinct thermal and tectonic histories and that were accreted laterally by tectonic processes analogous to those observed along modern active continental margins. The subsequent history of the orogen is characterized by slow time-integrated cooling rates of 3±1°C/Ma and denudation rates of 120±40m/Ma.     

蛇绿混杂岩就位机制及其大地构造意义新解:基于残余洋盆型蛇绿混杂岩构造解析的启示

蛇绿岩代表了古洋壳的残余,通常被作为识别古汇聚板块边界的重要标志之一.但是,通过对西准噶尔造山带和松潘-甘孜造山带内出露的蛇绿混杂岩的大比例尺填图和构造解析,揭示出并非所有的蛇绿混杂岩带都具有缝合带的大地构造意义.综合前人研究结果,将蛇绿混杂岩划分为缝合带型和非缝合带型2种类型.非缝合带型蛇绿混杂岩带的分布与残余洋盆在闭合过程中的构造过程密切相关.在残余洋盆被巨厚层的碎屑岩填充之后,作为残余盆地基底的大洋岩石圈物质在区域挤压应力作用下,可通过多种形式构造就位于上覆碎屑沉积地层之中,形成具有弥散性分布特点的残余洋盆型蛇绿混杂岩系统.而缝合带型蛇绿混杂岩的就位过程可划分为3种方式,分别是俯冲就位、仰冲就位和碰撞就位.这些不同类型的蛇绿混杂岩带在板块汇聚后的再造山过程中,早期的构造变形会被叠加改造甚至导致蛇绿混杂岩的重新就位,使其分布形式复杂化.因此,正确识别和厘定不同构造过程形成的蛇绿混杂岩带及其对应的大地构造背景,对研究洋陆转换过程和造山带的演化至关重要.     

中国的岩金矿床与板块构造

本文指出,中国岩金矿床的形成和分布严格地受板块构造控制。（1）裂谷带和俯冲、碰撞带等不同构造环境金的成矿特征明显不同。俯冲带金矿床还具有水平分带性,它受富金变质基底和深断裂的影响而复杂化;（2）不同构造环境金的成矿作用,既有区别,又有联系,在威尔逊构造旋回中为一连续过程,在成矿作用、矿床类型、矿质来源、矿石金属元素组合等方面均具有旋回性;（3）吕梁期和燕山期是我国最重要的金成矿期,是分别伴随太古代绿岩-裂谷带封闭和大规模俯冲、碰撞作用而发生的。在太古代绿岩带之上叠加有燕山期俯冲构造的地区,是我国最重要的金成矿集中区。     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P-T CONTITIONS OF TWO PHASES OF TAN-LU STRIKE-SLIP SHEAR ZONES AND DELAMINATION OF OROGENIC BELTS ON THE EASTERN MARGIN OF THE DABIE MOUNTAINS

The Tan-Lu fault zone joins the Dabie Mountains on its eastern margin, and offsets the Dabie and Sulu orogenic belts sinistrally for about 500 kin. On the basis of calculation of temperature and pressure experienced by the two phases of the fault zone as well as the thermo-chronological information on mylonite from the earlier and later Tan-Lu fault zones on the eastern margin of the Dabie Mountains, this paper discusses the delamination history and uplifting magnitudes of the Dabie Mountains from earlier Jurassic to earlier Cretaceous. From mineral assemblages, mineral deformation and muscovite-chlorite geothermometry calculation, it is known that the temperature experienced by the two phases of Tan-Lu fault zones are between 40℃ and 450℃, and the confining pressures are between 0.25Gpa and 0.36GPa for the earlier shear zones and 0.24-0.39GPa for the late shear zones. According to the geobarometry of Si-in-phengite and by considering shear heating and tectonic over-pressure, it is concluded that the maximum formation depths for the two phases of the ductile shear zones are not more than 12 kin. Differential formation depths for the two phases of shear zones are 1-2 km at most. At about 190 Ma and 128 Ma, the Tan-Lu fault zone experienced two phases of cooling events. During this period, the eastem margin of the Dabie Mountains experienced a tectonic calm period and no uplifting. According to information from the Tan-Lu fault zone, the uplifting magnitudes of the Dabie orogenic belts are not more than 12 km during the earlier Cretaceous.