陡波形立管涡激振动疲劳损伤参数敏感性分析

基于柔性杆理论和尾流振子模型计算陡波形立管的涡激振动响应;综合使用S-N曲线法、雨流计数法、Palmgren-Miner线性累积疲劳理论对立管涡激振动导致的疲劳损伤进行计算分析。并以MATLAB为平台编写相应计算程序,将本文计算得到的静力分析结果、固有频率和疲劳损伤分别与专业海工计算软件OrcaFlex和已发表文献进行对比验证。进一步对陡波形立管在涡激振动下的疲劳损伤进行参数敏感性分析,结果表明:浮子段长度、浮力因子、弹性模量、海流速度、波浪高度对陡波形立管疲劳损伤均有较大影响,有望为陡波形立管的实际工程设计提供参考。     

内波流场中悬链线立管涡激振动数值研究

基于内波流场的eKdv理论并结合尾流振子模型和挠性立管的非线性振动方程建立内波流场中悬链线立管计算模型,研究了内波流场中悬链线立管升力方向运动的响应问题,并分析了内孤立波波高和密度跃层位置对悬链线立管升力方向响应的影响。结果表明:内孤立波经过悬链线立管时会引起突然增大的涡激振动,其中高阶模态占主导;涡激振动最大位移发生于流体密度跃层位置附近;内孤立波波高增大以及密度跃层位置加深会使立管转变为更高阶模态振动,并且密度跃层位置加深会使立管涡激振动位移明显减小。     

海洋立管涡激振动模型的实验验证

考虑内流作用利用功能原理建立顶张力立管涡激振动响应数值模型,采用尾流振子模型模拟涡激振动升力,利用Hermit插值函数将其离散得到立管振动响应的矩阵方程形式,运用Newmark-β法在时域内迭代求解其动力响应。在山东省海洋工程重点实验室进行了阶段流作用下的大长细比海洋立管涡激振动试验,对比数值模拟和试验结果表明该模型对于考虑内流作用的大长细比海洋立管涡激振动响应预报是有效的,为深水立管涡激振动研究提供一定的借鉴。     

深海悬链线立管涡激疲劳损伤研究

讨论海洋平台钢质悬链线式立管SCR(Steel Catenary Riser)的涡激疲劳损伤问题。对于悬链线立管外的流体,给出涡脱落频率和升力对立管作用的计算方法。悬链线立管采用索结构模型,进行动力学分析并利用模态叠加法对其进行动力响应分析。根据Palmgren-Miner线性累积损伤准则并结合S-N曲线,分析在不同流速下立管的涡激疲劳损伤。以工程中实际使用的1 500 m Spar海洋平台悬链线立管为例,对立管的涡激疲劳损伤进行了预报。并通过立管的参数研究,分别就立管外不同来流速度、立管壁厚、内部流体密度和柔性接头刚度对其疲劳损伤的影响进行了分析,得到了一些有意义的研究结果。     

基于MATLAB的海洋立管涡激振动数值模拟系统研究

基于MATLAB开发海洋立管涡激振动数值模拟系统NSVIV 1.0,系统采用尾流振子模型模拟外流对立管结构的作用,考虑内流对立管结构的影响,对立管的涡激振动动力响应和疲劳寿命进行预测分析。系统界面简洁清晰,使用方便,适用于顶张力立管,为进一步集成功能齐全的海洋立管设计分析软件打下基础。     

悬跨海底管道疲劳寿命分析研究

海底管道在服役期间由于各种原因会在某些管段形成悬跨。这些悬跨在海流力作用下,将产生涡激振动。这种涡激振动最终可能导致管道疲劳失效。管道在海流力作用下发生的涡激振动是管道振动和漩涡尾流振动耦合的结果。在建立管道振动模型和Matteoluca尾流振子模型基础上,对管道涡激振动动力响应特性进行分析。依据Miner线性损伤累积理论,采用S—N曲线法分析计算管道疲劳寿命。最后,针对海洋油气开发与生产,提出延长海底管道疲劳寿命的方法和措施。     

基于能量竞争载荷模型的海洋立管双向涡激振动时域预报方法研究

海洋立管是深海油气开发中用于连接海底井口和水面浮体的唯一通道。立管在洋流作用下极易发生涡激振动（vortex-induced vibration,简称VIV）,发展快速经验性涡激振动时域预报方法对立管的安全设计具有重要意义。通过柔性立管模型试验,结合载荷重构方法和最小二乘法,识别建立了能量竞争载荷模型下的经验水动力载荷系数模型。应用识别建立的经验水动力载荷系数模型,发展形成了海洋立管顺流向及横流向双向涡激振动时域预报方法。将预报结果与试验结果对比,结果表明：基于能量竞争载荷模型的海洋立管双向涡激振动预报方法能够有效预报海洋立管涡激振动主导模态、主导频率、流向平均位移响应和涡激振动位移响应等力学行为特性。研究成果对发展更为有效的涡激振动预报手段具有有益参考。     

基于可靠性的海洋立管疲劳安全系数研究

综合考虑了立管疲劳安全系数取值的相关因素——立管的安全等级、设计寿命、检验周期、载荷和损伤计算方法等的不确定性,提出了基于可靠度的疲劳安全系数确定方法,筛选了用于计算波致疲劳和VIV(涡激振动)疲劳的随机变量,给出了立管波致疲劳与VIV疲劳安全系数的计算流程,并以某SCR(钢悬链线立管)为例进行了安全系数计算。结果表明,该方法的计算结果优于传统的安全系数确定方法,尤其适合于特殊工程方案或新颖设计的立管疲劳校核。     

深水钢悬链立管疲劳寿命评估分析

在时域内分析深水钢悬链立管在平台运动和波流载荷共同作用下的非线性动力响应;采用雨流计数法处理立管节点应力的时间历程,选用DoE.E型S-N曲线分析立管在单一海况和平台运动联合作用下的疲劳损伤;将各方向含概率分布的疲劳损伤进行叠加,得到立管整体的全方向疲劳损伤及疲劳寿命。平台的运动为六自由度的运动预报数据,波流载荷由某海域实际的波浪统计数据采用Morison公式计算所得。计算结果表明钢悬链立管疲劳寿命的极值点分别位于悬挂点附近和触地点附近,对立管疲劳寿命极值点各方向疲劳损伤分布情况进行了分析。所提方法为钢悬链立管疲劳分析提供了新思路,给出的结论对钢悬链立管设计分析有一定借鉴意义。     

钢悬链式立管出平面运动刚体模态试验研究

钢悬链式立管为深海浮式生产系统油气输送的首选立管。基于钢悬链式立管刚体摆动模型,通过理论分析和模型试验,研究了钢悬链式立管出平面运动的动力学特性,验证了作者此前提出的钢悬链式立管出平面运动的刚体模态特征。研究表明,在海洋环境荷载作用下,波浪力和涡激升力引起的悬链式立管振动不仅有弯曲变形模态,也存在刚体摆动模态。对于钢悬链式立管,刚体摆动将使触地区产生附加弯矩,从而增大了应力、加速了疲劳损伤。     

Numerical Prediction of Vortex Induced Vibrations on Top Tensioned Riser in Consideration of Internal Flow

In consideration of the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition on the vortex-induced vibration （VIV） of top tensioned riser （Till）, the differential equation is derived based on work-energy principles and the riser near wake dynamics is modeled by Facchinetti＇ s wake oscillator model. Then Galerkin＇ s finite element approximation is implemented to derive the nonlinear matrix equation of the coupled equations and file corresponding numerical programs are compiled which solve the coupled equations directly in the time domain. The comparison of the predicted results with the recent experimental results and the prediction of SHEAR7 is performed. The results show the validity of the proposed method on the prediction of VIV of deep water risers. The effect of internal flow on the dynamic characteristics and dynmnic response of the riser is analyzed and several valuable conelusions are drawn.     

Numerical Prediction of Vortex-Induced Vibrations on Top Tensioned Riser in Consideration of Internal Flow

In consideration of the effect of the internal flowing fluid and the external marine environmental condition on the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of top tensioned riser (TTR), the differential equation is derived based on work-energy principles and the riser near wake dynamics is modeled by Facchinetti''s wake oscillator model.Then Galerkin''s finite element approximation is implemented to derive the nonlinear matrix equation of the coupled equations and the corresponding numerical programs are compiled which solve the coupled equations directly in the timedomain. The comparison of the predicted results with the recent experimental results and the prediction of SHEAR7is performed. The results show the validity of the proposed method on the prediction of VIV of deep water risers.The effect of internal flow on the dynamic characteristics and dynamic response of the riser is analyzed and severalvaluable conclusions are drawn.     

A practical approach to predicting cross-flow and in-line VIV response for deepwater risers

In this study, a practical model is proposed to predict cross-flow (CF) and in-line (IL) vortex-induced vibrations of a flexible riser in time domain. The hydrodynamic force as a function of non-dimensional amplitude and frequency is obtained from the forced vibration experimental data of a two-dimensional cylinder. An empirical nonlinear damping model is used to simulate the hydrodynamic damping outside the experiment's range. Coupling effect of CF and IL-VIV is taken into account by implanting a magnification model for the IL hydrodynamic force associated with CF amplitude, and by increasing the non-dimensional amplitude corresponding to the IL hydrodynamic coefficient in the second excitation region. The experimental models of flexible riser under the uniform and sheared current are simulated to validate the proposed model. The predicted displacement, curvatures, excited modes and fatigue damage show reasonable agreement with the measured data.     

在平台振荡条件下TLP张力腿的涡激非线性响应

给出了预测张力腿涡激横向振动的时域分析,考虑了波浪、海流、张力腿平台的横漂与垂荡诸因素.张力腿平台的垂荡引起张力周期性变化,对张力腿的涡激横向振动起参数激励的作用,使其动力响应更为复杂.讨论了参数激励下涡激响应的共振条件;以尾流振子模型为基础,发展了分析张力腿在动张力作用下的涡激振动的工程方法,并分析了一座TLP实例,给出了在横漂周期内张力腿上质点的相对位移、弯矩、剪力幅值的时间历程.结果表明,平台垂荡使张力腿的涡激响应幅值升高、高频成分增加,因此它对张力腿的疲劳设计是重要的.     

Non-parametric prediction of the long-term fatigue damage for an instrumented top-tensioned riser

Marine risers are susceptible to sustained vortex-induced vibration (VIV) because of their slenderness and light damping. Commonly used tools for analyzing VIV and the associated fatigue damage are based on the finite element method and rely on simplifying assumptions on the riser's physical model, the flow conditions, and characteristics of the response. In order to assess the influence of VIV and to ensure the integrity of the riser, field monitoring campaigns are often undertaken wherein data loggers such as strain sensors and/or accelerometers are installed on such risers. Given the recorded riser's dynamic response, empirical techniques can be used in VIV-related fatigue estimation. These empirical techniques make direct use of the measurements and are intrinsically dependent on the actual current profiles. Damage estimation can be undertaken for the different current profiles encountered and can account explicitly even for complex riser response characteristics. With a significant amount of data, “short-term” fatigue damage probability distributions, conditional on current, can be established. If the relative frequency of different current types is known from a separate metocean study, the short-term fatigue damage distributions can be combined with the current distributions to yield an integrated “long-term” fatigue damage model, which then can be used to predict the long-term cumulative fatigue damage for the instrumented riser. Non-parametric statistical techniques (that do not assume a specific function for the underlying distribution as parametric techniques do) are employed to describe the short-term fatigue damage data. In this study, data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme (NDP) model riser experiments are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of empirical procedures and non-parametric statistics applied to field measurements to predict long-term fatigue damage, life, and probability of fatigue failure.     

海底管道疲劳寿命预报方法

海底管道悬跨管段在波流联合作用下非常容易发生疲劳破坏.文中通过多项Galerkin方法对海底管跨的涡激振动方程进行求解,获得管跨系统的时域非线性动力响应,分析疲劳裂纹扩展模型MeEvily模型中各个参数对管道疲劳寿命的影响,在此基础上提出管道疲劳寿命预报方法.     

Parametric roll due to hull instantaneous volumetric changes and speed variations

Parametric roll of a containership in head sea condition has been studied in the paper. A time domain routine for GZ righting arm calculation based on exact underwater hull geometry has been implemented into a two-degree-of-freedom procedure for roll response calculation. The speed variation due to e.g. added resistance has been accounted for in the model by the surge velocity. The ship roll motion due to a regular wave critical for parametric roll occurrence has been simulated, as well as the ship roll response in a severe stochastic sea. The present method has been compared with other existing methods for parametric roll prediction.