海洋工程中大直径管桩垂直水平荷载试验研究

通过海洋环境条件下大直径管桩的垂直和水平荷载试验,分析了管桩在垂直和水平荷载作用下的受力特点,得到了管桩的垂直极限承载力、侧摩阻力及端承力、轴向反力系数等结果,以及水平荷载作用下桩顶位移和转角关系、弯矩分布、土抗力、水平地基反力系数的比例系数和最大弯矩点等参数。试验结果表明：垂直荷载作用下,极限承载力可达12000kN,在沉桩过程中部分桩有一定程度的闭塞;大直径管桩能够抵抗水平荷载的作用,弹性长桩的受力性质主要受上部土层的影响。根据试验结果计算的水平地基抗力比例系数m值,对本工程及同类地质条件的桩基设计具有参考价值。     

考虑土的非线性的水泥土桩复合地基特性分析

以水泥土桩单桩复合地基静载荷试验为原型,采用上海典型粘土层的非线性本构模型,以三维有限元对水泥土桩复合地基中的桩身应力、桩间土应力、位移特性进行计算分析,取得了一些用实测手段难以得到的结果,并将部分计算结果与实测资料进行对比分析。     

Analysis of Concrete Piles Under Horizontal and Vertical Simultaneous Loading with P-Y Method and Finite Element Analysis

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Pile foundations are often exposed to vertical and lateral loads. In common pile analysis, it is assumed that the effect of these two load types do not...     

桩底注浆对钻孔灌注桩竖向承载性能的影响

依据某工程中采用桩底注浆和没有注浆的2根试桩的单桩竖向抗压静荷载试验结果,通过对基桩的竖向极限承载力性状、桩身轴力传递特性以及桩侧阻力发挥特性和桩端阻力发挥特性的综合分析研究,揭示了桩底注浆对基桩承载性状的影响情况。     

深水湖区浮式平台钻孔桩“栽柱”施工方法

在深水湖区施工桥梁基础桩、柱难度非常大，采用浮动式平台并架设门式起重吊机，配套采用可调拉锚系统，取代固定式平台进行钻孔桩、钢管砼柱的作业施工，大大降低了钢材的使用量和辅助工作时间，采用有效技术措施控制柱、桩的垂直度，采用YCJF-25型冲击反循环钻机清水钻进成孔方法，满足了环保及大口径基岩成孔要求。     

Trial Embankment Analysis to Predict Smear Zone Characteristics Induced by Prefabricated Vertical Drain Installation

In this study, FLAC finite difference software has been adopted to simulate the performance of the ground improved using prefabricated vertical drains assisted preloading, considering smear zone characteristics. The numerical code has been applied to predict smear zone properties employing a back calculation procedure using the results of several case studies. The construction of a trial embankment is proposed as a reliable method to predict the smear zone characteristics. The proposed back calculation method is applied to estimate the minimum required degree of consolidation and consequently the minimum required preloading time, resulting in a reliable estimation of the smear zone permeability and extent. Three preloading case studies considering both conventional preloading and vacuum assisted preloading have been simulated to verify the numerical code and to conduct the parametric study using the back calculation procedure. According to the results, the properties of the smear zone can be back-calculated reliably, when at least 33 % degree of consolidation due to trial embankment construction is achieved.     

桩基础非线性工作性状的室内模型试验分析

通过对单桩、带承台单桩和不同桩距群桩的模型试验结果分析 ,并与群桩试验的数值计算结果对比 ,总结了群桩中桩体的荷载传递规律 ;描述了板底土体反力和板下土体附加应力分布特性 ;比较了不同桩距群桩的荷载分担状况。通过试验结果的分析 ,得出桩的遮拦作用提高了承台下土体极限承载力的结论 ,为理论研究提供了试验依据 ;同时对桩的非线性工作状况进行分析 ,得出大桩距群桩受荷时桩先进入非线性然后承台下土体再进入非线性的结论。试验结果即验证了复合桩基非线性理论的若干假定 ,又为进一步研究提供了试验依据。     

Nonlinear Behaviour of an Embankment on Floating Stone Columns

This paper describes a benchmark problem for a floating stone columns supported embankment. In the 3D model, a thick soft subsoil deposit represented by Singapore marine clay was treated by floating stone columns to support a 2.0 m high embankment. The 3D numerical results were compared among different constitutive models such as the hardening soil model, soft soil model, modified Cam-clay model and Mohr-Coulomb model, highlighting the effect of non-linearity in the overall performance of the ground structure. The advanced constitutive soil models allow more realistic soil response to be investigated. From the numerical results, the Mohr-Coulomb model with elastic-perfectly plastic stress-strain response was able to give comparable total settlements but failed to demonstrate some intrinsic behaviours obtained with advanced soil models. These intrinsic behaviours include the mode of failure, displacements profile, stress transfer mechanism and rate of consolidation. This benchmark example has given us an improved understanding of the performance of floating stone columns when a more realistic soil behaviour is modelled.     

Depth of Fixity of Piles in Clay Under Dynamic Lateral Load

Dynamic experiments were carried out on instrumented model aluminium single piles embedded in clay of different consistencies to study its bending behaviour under lateral loads. Piles with different length to diameter ratios were used. Dynamic lateral load of different magnitudes ranging from 7 to 30 N at wide range of frequencies from 2 to 50 Hz were applied. The load transferred to the pile, pile head displacement and the strain variation along the pile length were measured using a dedicated data acquisition system. Static lateral load tests were also performed to investigate the magnification of dynamic response of piles in clay. It is found that the maximum bending moment due to dynamic load is magnified by about 1.5–4 times in comparison to the static load for short piles but about 9 times for long piles. Depth of fixity and effective pile length is also largely amplified under dynamic loads, thus indicating that a pile which behaves as a flexible pile under static load, may not exhibit flexible behaviour under dynamic load.     

单桩竖向抗压极限荷载的极限状态与确定

本文通过对桩的荷载传递和沉降分析，研判了桩的极限载荷的极限状态，并结合工程实例予以说明。根据文献提供的资料，建议桩的极限荷载宜采用Ｓ－ｌｏｇＰ法确定。     

干振碎石挤密桩在宿迁市黄泛区的应用

针对宿迁职业技术学院二期工程的具体的岩土工程条件，设计选用干振碎石挤密桩处理建筑场地内液化土层并提高了场地内土的地基承载力。通过对检测结果分析表明，干振碎石挤密桩对降低宿迁市黄泛区易液化土层的液化指数并提高其承载力有明显效果。     

上海地区超长后注浆钻孔桩竖向承载力试验研究

依据上海地区某超高层商业建筑试桩的高吨位竖向抗压静载试验结果,通过对基桩的竖向极限承载力性状、桩身轴力传递特性以及桩侧阻力、桩端阻力发挥特性的分析研究,揭示了桩底注浆对基桩承载性状的影响情况,深入探讨了上海软土地区大直径超长后注浆灌注桩的荷载传递机理和竖向承载性状,提出了单桩承载力的估算方法。     

加筋路堤竖向沉降的非线性有限元分析

采用非线性有限元方法,对土工织物能否减少软弱路基的竖向沉降量进行了探讨。对比计算表明:当路堤宽度较小时,土工织物的加筋作用使路堤体内的竖向位移速度场减小,从而可使竖向沉降量减少12%~16%,并可使路堤的稳定性提高达20%;当构筑物宽度较大时,土工织物对构筑物体内竖向沉降量的影响不大,即土工织物的加筋作用存在尺寸效应。因此,工程实际中应根据具体情况判断是否选用土工织物来改善构筑物的竖向沉降。分析表明:传统的极限平衡法来考察土工织物加固软土工程的稳定性时,由于存在诸多假定而导致该方法不能很好的反映土工织物与土之间的变形协调关系。故应发展非线性有限元方法来模拟土工织物与土之间的相互作用关系。     

黄土地区抗拔单桩的受力及变形特性研究

在黄土地区抗拔桩现场试验的基础上,通过数值模拟,分析了等截面抗拔单桩在竖向上拔荷载作用下的变形特性,并探讨了桩长和桩身混凝土强度对抗拔单桩Q-s曲线、桩身轴力及桩侧摩阻力的影响,力图为黄土地区抗拔桩的设计及施工提供一定的参考.     

缺陷桩荷载沉降性状的非线性有限元分析

采用有限元法对断桩,扩径,缩径等缺陷桩进行分析,得出这类桩荷载沉降性状及其摩阻力与端阻力发挥特性等方面的一般性规律,对桩的设计与施工均有一定的指导意义     

机械钻井法施工矿山竖井预制井壁漂浮法安放工艺技术

结合河北遵化铁矿Φ5.6 m、深286 m矿山竖井工程,介绍了钻井法施工矿山竖井采用漂浮法安放预制井壁的工艺原理,以及相邻两节井壁连接时的测量方法、工艺控制和井壁安放完成后井筒垂直度的测量技术等。     

Nonlinear Response of Single Piles in Sand Subjected to Lateral Loads using k hmax Approach

This paper presents results of analysis of full-scale pile load test data of 14 piles embedded in either loose or medium dense sands. The analysis was performed using two methods, p–y curve approach and a more recently developed k_hmax approach. Comparison of the results obtained using both the methods is also presented. A step-by-step analysis procedure is presented for predicting lateral load deflection response of single piles in sand using the k_hmax approach. The results presented show that the k_hmax approach has promise over the p–y curve approach because of its simplicity and the fact that it provides upper- and lower-bound curves, which are valuable guides to making engineering decisions. For loose sands, a new range of k_hmax values is recommended to better predict the lateral load–deflection response of single piles.     

采用静压法处理振动沉管灌注桩质量事故

昆明市金洲湾一期2幢住宅楼基础采用振动沉管灌注桩，因多种原因致使很多桩的单桩极限承载力达不到设计要求。经过采用静压法将桩送入可靠持力层，承载力满足了设计要求。     

竖向荷载下半刚性桩地基的设计方法探讨

通过若干实测工程数据与现行规范的比较,探讨半刚性桩地基的设计方法,以期最终达到设计与实测的最大相近.