氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定煤样中的硒

采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定了煤样中的总Se。煤样选用高压闷罐强酸消解的方法进行处理，所得消解液经6mol/L HCl将Se（Ⅵ）还原为Se（Ⅳ），然后进行测定。标准工作曲线的线性范围为0－400μg/L Se，检测限为0.4μg/L Se。用标准参考物质煤飞灰对方法进行了验证，所得总Se含量与标准值相符，对ω为10^-6级Se的4次测定，RSD≤4.5％。     

碱性模式氢化物发生—原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中的痕量硒

土壤样品经王水分解,转化成HCl溶液,再用NaOH溶液调至碱性,样品溶液首先与KBH4混合,然后与酸作用完成氢化物发生,用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的痕量硒。方法检出限为0.01μg/g。线性范围为1－200μg/L,样品中硒的含量为0.082μg/g和0.34μg/g时,RSD（n=12)分别为4.9%和2.9%。方法经土壤国家一级标准物质中硒的测定验证,结果与标准值相符。     

氢化物－原子荧光光谱法直接测定地质物料中痕量锗

采用特种空心阴极灯作激发光源和具有氩氢火焰低温自动点燃装置的原子荧光仪，氢化法直接测定地质物料中痕量锗，方法的测定下限为０．０２μｇ／ｇ，线性范围１～４００μｇ／Ｌ，精密度（ＲＳＤ，ｎ＝１１，１１６μｇ／ｇＧｅ）为１．７９％，加标回收率９７．８％。经标样和大批量样品分析验证，方法可靠实用     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定生物样品中的硒

用硝酸-高氯酸分解生物样品,在4 mol/L盐酸介质中,加入一定浓度的三价铁盐作为掩蔽剂抑制干扰元素,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定生物样品中微量硒的含量。方法检出限为0.02μg/L,精密度(RSD,n=11)为1.51%。经国家一级生物标准物质验证,测定结果准确可靠。方法具有操作简单、灵敏度高、线性范围宽等优点,所用试剂毒性小,实用性强,适合广泛使用。     

Determination of Indium and Tellurium in Fifty Nine Geological Reference Materials by Solvent Extraction and Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

The indium (In) and tellurium (Te) contents of fifty nine geological reference materials, issued by several reference material producers (USGS, CRPG, ANRT, GIT-IWG and GSJ) have been determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, after aqua regia and HF digestion, and extraction of iodide complexes with trioctylmethylammonium (TOMA) - metyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). Although the interferences from most elements can be minimised by the addition of palladium solution as the matrix modifier, large concentrations of Bi, Cu, Pb or Sn suppress the absorbance of In and/or Te. Samples for analysis were therefore restricted to those in which the concentrations of these interfering elements did not cause a significant interference. The limit of detection was 0.2 ng g⁻¹ In and Te for 1 g test portions. The agreement between the reported results and published data is satisfactory.     

氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定地质样中的痕量硒--不同溶样方式的比较

以确定测试基性岩中痕量硒的最佳溶样方式为目的,分别采用加压（PTFE）强酸消解和常压强酸消解两种方法消解标准参考物质和地质样品,直接用氢化物原子荧光光谱法（HG-AFS）测定。实验选用标准参考物质GWB07105、GWB07107对方法准确度和精确度进行验证,所测得总硒量与推荐值相符,标准偏差（SD）小于7．3ng／g,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于8．9％。实验测定了5个硒含量不同的岩石样品,不同方法所测数据基本一致。样品的均匀性在一定程度上影响痕量硒的测定结果。综合评价比较二者的测定结果,可知加压（PTFE）强酸消解（硝酸＋硫酸＋氢氟酸）为最佳溶样方式。     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中络合态锑

采用酒石酸作提取剂，氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中络合态Sb(Ⅲ）和Sb(Ⅴ）。研究了氢化物发生原子荧光光谱测定土壤中络合态Sb(Ⅲ）和Sb(Ⅴ）的浸提和还原条件及对测定结果的影响。Sb(Ⅲ）和总Sb检出限分别为0.11μg/L和0.09μg/L。相对标准偏差（RSD，n=11)分别为5.4%和6.1%，加标回收率在82.5%-101.9%。     

氢化物—原子荧光法测定大洋沉积物中的砷

试验了常用酸及还原剂用量对测定Ａｓ的影响,选择了仪器的最佳工作条件,考察了大洋沉积物中主量及常见元素对测定的干扰情况,并给出了这些元素不干扰测定的允许存在量。方法用于测定海底沉积物标准样品,结果与标准值吻合,相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１２）小于５％。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定多金属矿中的锡

多金属矿样品经酸溶解,Fe(OH)3共沉淀分离除去大部分Cu、Pb、Zn等干扰组分.含Sn沉淀经碱熔,水提取,氢氧化物进行二次沉淀分离,然后在酸性介质中,加入酒石酸-硫脲-抗坏血酸为掩蔽剂,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定样品中的Sn量.方法检出限为0.20μg/g,样品中Sn的含量为7.47 μg/g和21.6 μg/g时,RSD(n=12)分别为6.5%和4.0%,加标回收率为88.6%～113.0%,经国家一级标准物质验证,结果与标准值相符.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定地球化学样品中微量铬

应用ZEEnit 600型石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定地球化学样品中微量铬.在分解样品过程中,加入高氯酸,使Cr(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅲ)同时被氧化为Cr(Ⅵ),避免了Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的吸光度不同而造成的分析误差.采用最大功率升温和纵向加热石墨管技术,测定铬的原子化温度降低至2100℃,以抗坏血酸作基体改进剂,测定灵敏度...     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法直接测定地球化学样品中痕量碲

采用硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸溶解样品,以Fe3 作减缓剂,不需分离富集,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法直接测定地球化学样品中痕量碲.对测定介质、KBH4浓度、铁盐的作用等条件进行试验.方法检出限为0.0031μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=11)＜6.10%.方法用于国家一级地球化学标准物质中痕量碲的测定,结果与标准值一致.     

碱性模式氢化发生原子荧光光谱法测定地质样品中痕量锗

实验选择了“碱性模式”氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定痕量锗体系的最佳仪器和试剂条件，详细研究了Cu、CO、Ni、Au、Ag、Bi、Sb、Fe、Cl等元素的干扰情况及消除方法；对矿样的分解方法进行对比研究，选择出合理的样品分解方式。方法检出限为1．3μg／L，样品测定精密度较好，RSD为3．42％(n=12)。对多种国家一级标准物质进行测定，结果与标准值相符合。方法适用于多种地盾物料中痕量锗的测定。     

原子荧光光谱法测定地质样品中的痕量锗

分析了溶矿过程中HNO3、H2SO4、HClO4、H3PO4等对Ge的影响,采用AgNO3滤气装置消除气相干扰,测定了地质样品中的痕量锗,方法检出限为0．06μg／g,用土壤国家一级标准物质GBW 07401～GBW 07408验证方法,结果与标准值相符,其相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)为3．66％～6．11％。     

Determination of Selenium and Tellurium in Basalt Rock Reference Materials by Isotope Dilution Hydride Generation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ID-HG-ICP-MS)

Promising methods have been developed recently for the determination of selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te) in geological materials at ng g⁻¹ and lower levels, using hydride generation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Here we report on a new isotope dilution-hydride generation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ID-HG-ICP-MS) method for the simultaneous determination of Se and Te, which is applied to basalts, and modified compared to previous work. The basalts were attacked and dissolved with hydrofluoric and nitric acid, spiked with enriched isotopes, and passed through a cation exchange column (AG 50-X8 100–200 mesh) to separate the major cations that interfere with Se and Te detection (e.g., Fe). The detection limits of this method were 0.010 ng g⁻¹ for Se and 0.0030 ng g⁻¹ for Te, well below the concentrations of Se and Te expected in basalts. The precision of the method for Se was 12.2 to 15.1% and for Te was 4.6 to 7.2% RSD from replicate analyses of basalt reference samples. The accuracy for Se determinations was 61 to 94% and for Te 28 to 100% of values previously reported in the literature for selected USGS reference materials.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定地球化学样品中痕量碲

采用焙烧富集分离地球化学样品中痕量Te,并用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定。通过实验确定出方法的最佳实验条件,在此条件下获得的检出限为0.005μg/g,线性范围0.025~10μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=8)为5.03%~9.24%。方法已用于国家一级地球化学标准物质中痕量Te的测定,结果与标准值基本相符。     

氢化物-原子荧光法测定铜矿中微量硒和碲

采用Fe3 + 盐和 1 ,1 0 -二氮杂菲作干扰抑制剂 ,氢化物 -原子荧光光谱法直接测定铜矿中微量硒和碲。H2 SO4和HClO4的存在对硒、碲有明显的增敏作用。方法检出限分别为LD(Se) =0 .1 5 μg/L ,LD(Te) =0 .2 0 μg/L。方法适用于w(Cu) <2 5 %的铜矿和其它岩石样品中硒和碲的测定 ,经标样分析验证 ,结果与标准值相符 ,1 2次测定的RSD分别为RSD(Se) =4.2 2 % ,RSD(Te) =6.3 1 %。     

Determination of Selenium Concentration in Sixty Five Reference Materials for Geochemical Analysis by GFAAS after Separation with Thiol Cotton

Selenium has been determined in sixty five geological reference materials of different origins by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Samples were decomposed with a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids. Selenium was reduced to Se^IV with hydrochloric acid, and then fixed and separated from the matrix on thiol cotton. After digestion of the thiol cotton in hot nitric acid, the Se concentration was measured using palladium and magnesium nitrates as a matrix modifier. The limit of determination was 0.02 μg g⁻¹, the precision of the results (relative standard deviation of 3 to 8 replicates) varied from 2.6 to 17.7% with an average of 7.9% in the range 0.02-42.7 μg g⁻¹ and was similar to the value obtained for synthetic samples. Our results are in good agreement with available literature values.     

Determination of Selenium in Thirty-Two Geochemical Reference Materials by Continuous - Flow Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

A continuous-flow hydride atomic absorption spectrophotometric method has been applied to 32 geochemical reference materials for the determination of selenium. The sample is decomposed with a mixture of nitric, perchloric and hydrofluoric acids. Selenium values obtained in this study are in general agreement with literature values and provide additional certification for these reference materials. The precision of the method is generally better than 5% relative standard deviation. The lower limit of determination of selenium in the sample is 12 ppb.     

Determination of Molybdenum in Fifty Three Geochemical Reference Materials by Flameless Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

The molybdenum (Mo) contents of fifty three geochemical reference materials issued by ANRT, GIT-IWG, NIST and GSJ, have been determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, using a graphite furnace atomiser, after extraction of Mo dithiol with isoamyl acetate. Detection limits for this method (0.01 μg g⁻¹) are ten times smaller than for most classical methods. The agreement between the present results and published data is satisfactory.     

银的流动注射蒸气发生原子吸收光谱分析初步研究

对银的流动注射蒸气发生原子吸收光谱分析方法进行了初步研究。首次观察到银可在流动注射氢化物发生条件下生成挥发性气态物质。经过对银气态物质发生的化学条件如样品和载流溶液酸度,硼氢化钠浓度等以及流动注射参数如反应管道长度,进样体积,载流和试剂溶液流速,载气流速等的优化,初步建立了银的蒸气发生原子吸收光谱分析方法。