战场可视化与数字地图

信息时代的战场是数字化战场,而战场可视化则是数字战场的一种表达手段。文中在对战场可视化的概念进行深入探讨的基础上,指出以数字地图为基础的电子地图、战场环境仿真是新的战场可视化手段,并对其相关理论、关键技术及应用系统进行了论述。     

基于时序超图模型的战场环境多层次知识建模方法

新型作战样式对战场环境服务保障提出了新要求，战场环境智能化服务急需基于全域多维战场环境数据实现知识的提升。针对战场环境智能认知的知识建模问题，将知识图谱与战场环境相结合，提出了战场环境知识分类方法，认为战场环境知识图谱是大数据人工智能条件下战场环境知识表示的一种新形式；针对三元组知识表示碎片化的问题，构建了战场环境时序超图表示模型，实现了实体知识、事件知识、影响过程知识和服务决策知识的多层次统一图建模，将各类知识表示为具备时空特点、场景特点的统一知识超图网络；最后，利用地图、事件、影响过程和作战影响效能等数据进行实验验证，超图网络从语义层面实现了各类战场环境知识的关联，可进一步为实现基于超图的智能推理和服务决策提供支撑。     

基于任务驱动的战场环境分析数据映射模型设计与实现

针对传统战场环境分析模型缺乏将军事特征同用户认知与任务需求相结合的服务问题,构建了一种基于任务驱动的战场环境分析模型数据自动映射与匹配方法。通过分析作战任务的特点,建立任务形式化描述规范,构造了基于xml的基本战斗任务的需求描述模板,以战场环境分析模型为基础获取作战任务对环境数据需求的要素,建立了基于规则的战场环境分析数据映射模型,完成从任务需求到环境数据自动匹配的过程。最后通过基于该模型的战场环境分析系统数据服务平台应用,任务模板与战场环境分析数据自动映射方法得到了有效的解析,并通过工作流模式构建了可视化的数据推送,可为战场环境分析按需服务提供理论参考与方法借鉴。     

GIS在作战指挥自动化中的应用

随着信息技术的发展,GIS已经由最初简单的数据采集、存储、检索、显示的数据库管理系统发展成为“具备空间分析及预测预报、辅助决策的工具”。作战指挥与战场环境具有密切的关系,指挥流中不仅包含作战方案、命令等基本信息,更包含数据融合后的战场态势信息。因此,军事决策过程离不开地理信息的保障。本文分析了高技术条件下指挥自动化的特点,阐明了指挥自动化与GIS的关系,指出未来作战单位具有高度集中性和机动性,未来的战场将是一个具有快节奏、协同作战和多维化等特点的广阔战场环境。因而指挥自动化离不开地理信息系统的保障。本文还重点分析了GIS在作战指挥自动化中所能提供的主要功能,给出了GIS在作战指挥自动化系统中具体应用的总体结构组成图。包括地理数据获取与处理子系统、多媒体地理数据库管理子系统、信息查询与空间分析子系统、电子沙盘处理子系统、电子标绘处理子系统、多媒体综合处理子系统、文电处理功能等。最后分析了应用前景和有待研究的问题。     

数字化地图制图要素分类编码

数字化地图是地理信息系统建设的主要数据来源之一。数字化地图数据与地理信息数据的一致化,是地理信息系统建设,也是数字地图数据规范化的一项重要任务。实施地理信息系统数据工程时,人们往往在数字地图上对"地理信息要素"分类与代码进行工艺性扩展,没有有效区分数字地图制图要素与地理信息要素,从而导致不同的地理信息系统,形成不同的地理信息要素分类编码体系。本文认为,在本体论意义上,地图制图要素与地理信息要素是不同层面的概念。因此,本文根据功能特征,把数字地图制图要素划分为两类,一类是纯粹的地图制图要素,一类是G IS要素,并引入虚要素概念,把要素代码划分为G IS码、伪码、虚码三种类别,以此解决数字地图要素与地理信息要素的概念冲突,实现数字地图制图要素分类编码的可操作性,达到数字地图数据与地理信息数据一致化的目的。本文同时举例说明了符合地理空间信息要素分类代码标准要求的数字地图制图要素的分类编码方法。     

矢量地图数字水印技术的研究现状和展望

数字水印技术正成为网络环境下矢量数字地图的版权保护和侵权检测研究的热点。本文总结了目前国内外针对矢量数字地图数字水印技术所做的相关工作,分析了矢量数字地图数据在表示及使用方式上的特点、矢量数字地图数据嵌入数字水印的要求以及矢量数字地图数据信息冗余的类型;按空域、变换域及参数变换分类方法,概括了目前典型的针对矢量数字地图数据的数字水印算法,讨论了其优缺点。指出了对矢量数字地图数字水印技术还存在的问题以及对该领域未来可能的研究方向和研究重点进行了展望。     

数字地图的研究进展和应用新方向

数字地图是现代地图学发展的重要标志.目前,国内外已出现以数字地图为核心的地图数据库、印刷地图、电子地图、移动式地图、网络地图等多种现代地图的开发和应用模式.本文分析和阐述数字地图理论、方法和技术方面的新进展,以及新的应用方向.首先,作者阐述了在数字地图新理论方面的研究进展,并在此基础上提出了数字地图体系结构框架;其次,...     

基于WebGL的二维三维融合态势可视化设计及关键技术研究

战场态势可视化通过对作战对象的几何特征和拓扑关系的展现,使得复杂战场信息数据易于理解,以直观的方式展示大量战场信息分析的结果。本文阐述了基于WebGL的二三维融合态势可视化系统架构,提出了多源数据的统一管理、二三维军标一体化表达、基于WebGL的显示引擎技术,实现了多种态势信息综合显示和战场态势空间分析功能。通过大量真实空间数据的测试,本文提出的方法表现了良好的渲染效果。     

青海：厅出台方案保障创建循环经济发展先行区

青海省国土资源厅近日出台相关方案,按照“三年强基础,八年创先行”的推进步骤,从多方面服务青海省创建国家循环经济发展先行区。全面落实“找矿突破战略行动”。把地勘工作的重点放在生态环境适宜、群众理解支持、地方政府积极配合、勘查后具备开发条件及社会投资主体有意愿的地区,重点面向祁漫塔格、祁连山、东昆仑等地区的整装勘查区、重点勘查区,全力突出铜、铅、锌、镍、金、铁、钾盐、煤炭等重要矿种的勘查．延续“大规模投入、大兵团作战”的格局。     

中国冶金地质总局即将进入青海参与地质勘查和矿产资源开发工作

中国冶金地质总局具有㈨体矿产勘查行业排头兵和中央企业双重身份,在固体矿产勘查、黑色金属开发和航空磁测等方面存国内具有领先优势。为落实省委省政府关于“大规模投入、大兵团作战”的要求,推进青海矿产资源勘查开发步伐.     

青海湖近8000年来演变及发展趋势

本文依据紫果云杉(Picea purpurea Mast)残木、部分地层测年资料、湖成地貌,结合树木年轮和湖水观测资料,探讨近8000年来青海湖演变史并概略预测其发展趋势:8000—3500a.B.P.为暖湿期,3500a.B.P.以来渐趋冷干—干旱,600a.B.P.以来又几经暖湿—冷干的更替;在不考虑温室效应的前提下,大致在133年后湖水达补耗水量平衡期;在温室效应的影响下,湖水将提前于下世纪中叶进入补耗平衡期。     

Hydrogen photoproduction ofA. Variabilis incorporated in a photobioreactor

H₂ photoproduction and nitrogenase activities in two strains ofAnabaena variabilis marked wild type ATCC 29413 and mutant PK84 exposed to thermal stress (temperature higher than the normal incubation temperature of 30°C) were studied. Cultures of both strains collected from any interval of logarithmic growth phase exhibited high H₂ photoproduction and nitrogenase activities when exposed to limited time heat shock during the assay process. In contrast, the algal H₂ photoproduction rate of both strains fluctuated with long term thermal stress caused by increasing the growth temperature from 30°C to 36°C.

The changes of nitrogenase (the key H₂ photobiosynthetic enzyme) activities in the mutant PK84 showed variation tendency similar to that of H₂ photoproduction during exposure to thermal stress, indicating that fluctuation of H₂ photoproduction in the mutant was mainly due to the variation of nitrogenase activities. A temporary maximal H₂ photoproduction in the mutant PK84 (wild type ATCC29413) was observed when cells grew at 36°C for 14 (6) days. However, the responses of nitrogenase activities in the wild type to thermal stress were not completely similar to those in the mutant in spite of similar variations of H₂ photoproduction in both strains. The data obtained in these studies suggested that the activities of other enzymes (in the wild strain) involved in H₂ photoproduction were affected by thermal stress since H₂ photoproduction maximized or dropped to 0 without variation tendency similar to that of nitrogenase activities.

Furthermore, an enhancement of H₂ photoproduction speed of the mutant strain cultured in a 4.4 L laboratory photobioreactor was also observed when it was subjected to short time continuous charge of argon, and temperature rise.

All these results indicated that high temperature plays an important role in the photo-autotrophic H₂ photoproduction, and that long term thermal stress is unfavourable for net H₂ photoproduction in both strains ofA. variabilis though short-time heat shock is conducive to H₂ photoproduction.

     

Karlodinium elegans sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales,Dinophyceae), a novel species isolated from the East China Sea in a dinoflagellate bloom

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - On May 24–29, 2019, a harmful algal bloom occurred in Pingtan coastal areas, Fujian, southeast China, and caused mass mortality of cage-cultured fish....     

ON THE FAMILY ASTEROMETRIDAE (CRINOIDEA) OF CHINA, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF SINOMETRA ACUTICIRRA GEN. ET SP. NOV.

Five species of Asterometrids (Crinoidea) collected from China are recorded. One of them is described as a new genus and new species named Sinometra acuticirra, and three are recorded from China for the first time.     

Taxonomic description of a new marine ciliate,Euplotes qingdaoensis n. sp. (Ciliophora: Euplotida)

The characteristics and infraciliature of a new euplotid ciliate,Euplotes qingdaoensis n.sp.,discovered from the coastal waters of Jiaozhou Bay,northern China,were studied using live observation and silver impregnation.The new marine species is characterized by a slightly fl attened body(90–110 μm×70–80 μm,in vivo),an adoral zone of 26–29 membranelles,10 strong frontoventral and fi ve transverse cirri,two caudal cirri,a single left marginal cirrus,seven dorsal kineties,a middle kinety with about 15 pairs of basal bodies,a silverline system of the double-eurystomus type,and a C-shaped macronucleus.     

Physicochemical effects on sulfite transformation in a lipid-rich Chlorella sp. strain

SO2 is very rapidly hydrated to sulfurous acid in water solution at pH value above 6.0,whereby sulfite is yielded from the disassociation of protons.We aimed to improve the sulfite transformation efficiency and provide a basis for the direct utilization of SO2 from flue gas by a microalgal suspension.Chlorella sp.XQ-20044 was cultured in a medium with 20 mmol/L sodium sulfite under different physicochemical conditions.Under light conditions,sulfite concentration in the algal suspension reduced linearly over time,and was completely converted into sulfate within 8 h.The highest sulfite transformation rate(3.25 mmol/(L·h)) was obtained under the following conditions:35°C,light intensity of 300μmol/(m2·s),NaHCO3 concentration of 6 g/L,initial cell density(OD540) of 0.8 and pH of 9-10.There was a positive correlation between sulfite transformation rate and the growth of Chlorella,with the conditions favorable to algal growth giving better sulfite transformation.Although oxygen in the air plays a role in the transformation of SO2-3 to SO2-4,the transformation is mainly dependent on the metabolic activity of algal cells.Chlorella sp.XQ-20044 is capable of tolerating high sulfite concentration,and can utilize sulfite as the sole sulfur source for maintaining healthy growth.We found that sulfite 20 mmol/L had no obvious effect on the total lipid content and fatty acid profiles of the algae.Thus,the results suggest it is feasible to use flue gas for the mass production of feedstock for biodiesel using Chlorella sp.XQ-20044,without preliminary removal of SO2,assuming there is adequate control of the pH.     

On a new species of Paragoneplax Castro (Crustacea: Decapoda: Goneplacidae), P. chenae sp. nov. from the South China Sea

A new species of goneplacid crab, Paragoneplax chenae, is described, based on collections from the Nansha Islands, South China Sea. P. chenae closely resembles its only congener P. serenei (Zarenkov, 1972) in general appearance. They are distinguishable from each other by the male abdominal and gonopodal characters.     

On Long-waves breaking II. in a half infinite channel with bottom slope

The propagation of long-waves, such as tidal waves from the coastal ocean into shallow estuarine waters, often produces asymmetries of velocity and water level in time series resulting in long-wave breaking. Tian (1994) studied the mechanism of long-wave breaking in an infinite channel with constant depth, consideringnth power bottom friction. This study is for the case of a half infinite channel with bottom slope, taking linear bottom friction into account. The wave breaking time and wave breaking location are estimated and the criteria for long-wave breaking in this particular case are obtained. The results obtained can also be easily applied to the case considering wind stress.     

Lysobacter hymeniacidonis sp.nov., Isolated from a Crude Oil-Contaminated Marine Sponge

An aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium, strain 2-5~T, was isolated from a crude oil-contaminated marine sponge collected near Dalian Bay, China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Cells of strain 2-5~T were non-spore forming, non-motile, rods 0.2–0.3 μm wide and 1.1–1.2μm long. Strain 2-5~T grew well on nutrient agar, ~TSA, R2 A agar and LB agar. Colonies of strain 2-5~T on LB agar were circular, smooth with entire margins, non-transparent and pale yellow after 3 d of incubation at 30℃. Growth of strain 2-5~T occurred in LN medium with 0–6% Na Cl; no growth occurred in the presence of 8.0% NaCl. Strain 2-5~T grew at 15–42℃ and at pH 6.0–8.0. Comparative 16 S r RNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 2-5~T clustered with the species of the genus Lysobacter. Its closet neighbors were the type strains of Lysobacter concretionis KC~TC 12205~T(97% similarity), Lysobacter arseniciresistens ZS79~T(96%), and Lysobacter defluii APB-9 ~T(96%). ~The value for DNA-DNA relatedness between strain 2-5~~T and L. concretionis KC~TC 12205 ~T was 23%. Branched fatty acids iso-C16: 0, iso-C15: 0, iso-C11: 0 3-OH, iso-C17: 1ω9c and iso-C11: 0 were found to be predominant. ~The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Strain 2-5~T had a DNA G+C content of 63.8 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogenetic data, strain 2-5~T represents a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter hymeniacidonis sp. nov. is proposed. ~The type strain is 2-5~T(=CGMCC 1.12190 ~T = JCM 18137~T).     

Taxonomic Studies on a New Marine Ciliate, Apocoleps magnus gen. nov., spec. nov. （Ciliophora, Colepidae）, Isolated from Qingdao, China

The morphology and infraciliature of a new marine colepid ciliate, Apocoleps magnus gen. nov., spec. nov., are described based on living observations and silver impregnations. The new genus Apocoleps is characterized by having 8 (vs. 6 in most other related genera) armour tiers, spines at both ends of the cell, 3 adoral organelles and plates with 4 reniform uni-windows. Apocoleps magnus spec. nov. is defined by the following features: body elongated and slightly curved, about 100–120μm× 35–45 μm in vivo; an...