提高频率测深正演计算速度的方法

研究提高频率测深正演计算速度的方法是很有意义的,因为正演是反演的基础,正演计算的精度和速度决定了反演的精度和速度,因此本文提出了一种在保证计算精度前提下提高频率测深正演速度的方法,并对该方法的数学含义作出讨论。     

基于非结构化网格的大规模磁测数据正则化反演研究

磁测数据解析正演的内存需求与模型规模、观测点数成正比,以其为依托开展大规模磁测数据反演时,计算成本较大。文章利用非结构化网格有限单元法进行磁测正演,分析了地表观测网格、边界节点数和局部网格密度等因素对正演计算精度的影响;在此基础上,基于灵敏度矩阵隐式存储的高斯-牛顿法求解正则化反演目标函数,实现了大规模磁测数据三维反演。理论模型试算和铀矿区域实测数据案例表明,文章所述方法可保证正演计算的精确度,提高了计算效率、减少了反演的内存消耗,可用于复杂条件下大规模磁测数据的三维反演。     

改进的重力模拟退火反演研究

通过对模拟退火方法中常用的VFSA算法的分析，针对其在模型扰动及退火计划上存在的缺陷，针对性地作了更合理的改进VFSA算法，提高了VFSA算法的计算速度与稳健性，并结合重力反演过程中对模型的修正，克服了常规重力反演方法所存在的等值效应。研究中还把重力正演计算的单元体改为垂直侧边梯形单元，并合单同一层位的垂直侧边梯形单元成为一大单元再作计算，加快了正反演计算速度并提高了正反演精度。通过模型试验及实际资料的处理，验证了作者所提出的改进的模拟退火重力反演方法的有效性。     

起伏地形重磁三维快速正演计算

正演是反演技术的基础,正演速度和求解反演问题的系数矩阵存放一直是起伏地形下重、磁三维反演的关键技术问题。这里提出了一种起伏地形下重磁快速正演计算方法,其计算原理是根据反演在垂向的剖分层数,利用水平地形正演计算形成二个不同大小刻度标尺矩阵,然后在模型空间,使用分段线性插值的方式,直接计算出起伏地形观测点的正演值。该方法的主要特点是在保持很高的计算精度下计算速度可提高二倍,且节省计算内存,适合起伏地形下重磁三维反演技术研究。     

Zohdy方法在三维电阻率测深数据反演中的应用

三维电阻率测深数据采用Zohdy方法近似反演,正演计算采用有限单元法,反演初始模型由测量视电阻率数据给出,通过比较实测视电阻率值和预测模型计算的视电阻率值对数差来修改模型网格电阻率.为了解决任意电极距测深数据的反演,采用大、小双网格剖分,大网格反映地下电性分布情况,小网格用于实际有限元正演计算.文章对加5%随机噪声的模型理论视电阻率测深断面数据和实测视电阻率测深断面数据进行反演.结果表明该反演方法需要的内存小、计算量少,并能够取得很好的反演效果.     

基于非结构网格的带地形MT二维Occam反演及应用

本文对基于自适应非结构三角形网格的带地形MT数据二维Occam反演进行应用研究.自适应非结构三角形网格能够准确地模拟起伏地形和复杂地质构造,正演网格由有限元解的后验误差估计指导自动细化,保证了模型响应的准确性,反演网格在反演目标区域采用精细网格剖分,在模型边界区域采用粗网格剖分,在满足反演精度的前提下减少了不必要的反演...     

电阻率层析成像及演中若干问题的讨论

以双异性点电流源电流场二维地电断面为例，着重讨论了电阻率展析成像反演中有限单元法数值模拟边界条件的选择、网格剖分以及模拟精度等问题，同时也讨论了成像反演中最优化及演方法及拟合参数的评价等。文中提出的新的网格剖分方法和选择的边界条件可有效地提高计算速度和数值模拟的精度。     

起伏地形下偶极-偶极激电测深二维反演软件开发及应用

在有限元点源二维正演模拟中,采用第二类齐次边界条件结合相应的网格剖分技术,并将二维正演模拟程序引入到偶极-偶极激电测深二维反演中,编制相应反演程序并进行集成,形成集数据输入、反演计算、数据成图和结果输出为一体的二维反演软件。通过对起伏地形下的两个理论模型合成数据及一例实测数据的反演,反演结果表明反演软件有效。     

频率测深正演问题滤波算法及人机联作反演

频率测深一维问题正演常用的计算方法是数值积分方法,但是这种方法由于利用求和代替积分使得计算速度很慢,精度也较低。本文提出了频率测深一维问题正演计算的一种有效方法——快速汉克尔变换数字滤波法,较系统地讨论了快速汉克尔变换滤波系数的解析计算及其在频率测深正演计算中的应用。最后应用上述正演计算方法进行了频率测深的人机联作反演的研究。     

电阻率三维复杂结构的快速反演

运用共轭梯度迭代算法解三维反问题中的线性方程组,并结合求Jacobi矩阵 G 的Rodi算法,则每次反演迭代仅需一次正演计算,大大加快了计算速度,实现了直流电阻率三维快速反演。另外,由于避免了存储 G 和 G T G 所需的庞大存储量,以及在三维反演中加入光滑约束,有利于精细网格下的复杂模型反演。      

反射波法检测桩身完整性的一种频率域数据处理方法

从纵波传播过程的反射和透射的基本原理出发,介绍了反射波法桩身完整性检测数据在频率域中定量确定视反射系数和反射波往返时间的一种新的理论和方法.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)