计算机辅助矿产资源储量动态估算与管理模型

针对我国矿产资源储量监管水平落后,矿山资源储量动态估算、管理及图件编制信息化程度低的现状,以矿山日常勘探与开发工作流程为主线,以地矿点源数据库为基础,研究了一种新的可对不断勘探与开采的矿山提供有效支持的计算机辅助矿产资源储量动态估算与管理模型。该模型可实现复杂多金属矿山资源储量二维及三维空间一体化与可视化动态估算,创新性地解决了复杂多金属矿山勘探与开发所面临的资源储量动态核减与管理问题。以基于该模型实现的矿产资源勘查与开发软件--QuantyMine传统方法矿产资源储量动态估算子系统为工具,以福建紫金矿业集团所属的多个矿山为实际应用对象进行模型检验。经与核实报告对比分析,所选取的某典型多金属矿床矿石量、金属量动态估算结果与报告结果相差分别为-1.78％～2.86％和-5.05％～4.45％,资源储量各类别结果接近。     

区域地球化学定量预测方法技术在矿产资源潜力评价中的应用

为科学评估我国重要矿产资源的潜力,本文首先客观地分析了当前矿产资源预测领域的现状,回顾并评述了三种地球化学定量预测方法(丰度法、面金属量法和地球化学块体法).其次通过整理、吸纳前人研究成果,在GIS技术平台上集成了以基础地质、成岩成矿机制、理论地球化学和勘查地球化学为一体的研究思路,概要论述了在III级成矿带中开展地质、地球化学找矿模型建立、地球化学定量预测区优选和资源量估算的方法技术.最后总结了地球化学定量预测的几点认识和探索了进一步发展的方向.     

关于压覆矿产资源储量估算方法的探讨——以三门峡至淅川高速公路某段拟压覆矿产资源为例

以三门峡至淅川高速公路某段拟压覆矿产资源为例,探讨了建设项目压覆矿产资源储量估算方法,根据不同的矿种、不同的开采方式,综合运用“条例”和岩层移动角来确定建设项目的拟压覆范围以及压覆范围内的资源储量,其结果表明此方法可行可靠的。     

Modelling Short‐Scale Variability and Uncertainty During Mineral Resource Estimation Using a Novel Fuzzy Estimation Technique

For mineral resource assessment, techniques based on fuzzy logic are attractive because they are capable of incorporating uncertainty associated with measured variables and can also quantify the uncertainty of the estimated grade, tonnage etc. The fuzzy grade estimation model is independent of the distribution of data, avoiding assumptions and constraints made during advanced geostatistical simulation, e.g., the turning bands method. Initially, fuzzy modelling classifies the data using all the component variables in the data set. We adopt a novel approach by taking into account the spatial irregularity of mineralisation patterns using the Gustafson–Kessel classification algorithm. The uncertainty at the point of estimation was derived through antecedent memberships in the input space (i.e., spatial coordinates) and transformed onto the output space (i.e., grades) through consequent membership at the point of estimation. Rather than probabilistic confidence intervals, this uncertainty was expressed in terms of fuzzy memberships, which indicated the occurrence of mixtures of different mineralogical phases at the point of estimation. Data from different sources (other than grades) could also be utilised during estimation. Application of the proposed technique on a real data set gave results that were comparable to those obtained from a turning bands simulation.     

矿产资源评价理论

矿产资源评价,习惯称“矿产预测”。我国大规模的矿产预测工作都是通过矿产区划实施的。自矿产预测开始之日起,存在矿产预测理论探讨的内容。过去由于受成矿学理论的限制,缺少矿产预测理论的系统总结,预测实际中运用经验达到预测的目的。我国自20世纪80年代至今,已开展过三轮矿产区划,长期的预测实践,积累了丰富的经验,已在多方面探索了矿产预测理论,用理论指导矿产预测。目前已总结了理论上有一定深度、工作中普遍适用、实践中已产生巨大效益的矿产预测理论。     

Geostatistics-Based Method for Irregular Mineral Resource Estimation,in Ouenza Iron Mine,Northeastern Algeria

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Geostatistical techniques are usually practical in the development and production stages of mining projects. The Ouenza deposit is the main iron ore...     

Regional Probabilistic and Statistical Mineral Potential Mapping of Gold–Silver Deposits Using GIS in the Gangreung Area, Korea

The aim of the present study is to analyze relationships between epithermal Au‐Ag deposits of the hydrothermal type and related geological factors and integrate the relationships using probabilistic and statistical models in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. A variety of spatial geological data were compiled, evaluated and integrated to produce a map of potential Au and Ag deposits in the Gangreung area, Korea. This empirical approach assumes that all deposits shared a common genesis. The method consists of three main steps: (i) identification of spatial relationships; (ii) quantification of such relationships and (iii) integration of multiple quantified relationships. A spatial database containing Au and Ag deposits, topographic, geologic, geophysical and geochemical data was constructed using a GIS. The factors relating to 103 Au and Ag mineral deposits are the geological data such as lithology and fault structure, geochemical data including the abundance of Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, conductivity, Cr, Cu, Eh, Fe, HCO3–, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, pH, Si, Sr, V, W, Zn, Cl^?, F^?, PO₄^3?, NO₂^?, NO₃^? and SO₄^2?, and geophysical data including Bouguer and magnetic anomalies. Using the constructed spatial database, the relationships between mineral deposit areas and 36 related factors are identified and quantified by probabilistic and statistical modeling; that is, likelihood ratio, weights of evidence and logistic regression. All the factors were combined to produce a map of the regional mineral potential using the overlay method in a GIS environment. The mineral potential map was then verified by comparison with known mineral deposits. The verification results give respective accuracies of 82.52%, 72.45% and 81.60% for the likelihood ratio, weights of evidence and logistic regression models, respectively. The mineral potential map can be used as a source of basic information for mineral resource development.     

矿产资源资产与市场优化配置

将土地资产的理论与经验引进矿产资源管理，探讨建立和完善社会主义矿产资源市场经济制造，指出实现矿产资源性资产的市场机制是资源优化配置的一种十分重要的手段。它能够通过各级政府规划或者指导对资源的形势研究，预测其供求、价格和竞争之间的相互作用和影响。推动资源的科学利用与有效保护，合理流动与分配，提高资源利用率，从而促进社会经济的可持续发展。探讨和创建矿产资源性资产与产权管理的新机制，其实质是采矿权人根据国家法律，按统一的技术规定、规程、标准和要求，对其占用的资源储量进行定期或不定期的检测，编制相应的动态报表、年度报告和统计报表。国家根据矿种类型，通过省市县建立不同层次的矿产资源储量数据库进行产权管理。政府的监督管理主要由矿产资源储量登记与统计及核查机制组成。     

多边形法矿产储量估计

多边形法是国外矿产储量估计中最常用的传统方法,其应用之广可与我国的剖面法相比。多边形法原理简单,易于理解,易学易用,深受各国勘查地质学家欢迎。多边形法以一个工程为核心,在其影响半径内估计储量,不与其他工程发生关系,使储量估计过程趋于简单化。这一方法无论在单个工程的条件下,还是在工程密度大大增加的情况下,都可顺利地估计储量。多边形法不依赖勘探线,不需要人为划分块段,储量估计块段能自动生成,储量估计更具客观性。在确定影响半径后,使用多边形法可自动完成资源储量分类。     

福建省饮用天然矿泉水资源与评价

福建省饮用天然矿泉水资源丰富,但主要为偏硅酸型,水源地遍布全省,但规模一般较小,根据我省已鉴定的饮用天然矿泉水资源的基本概况,特点进行总结,并对福建省饮用天然矿泉水资源评价中存在的若干主要问题进行探讨,同时对资源评价,开发提出了建议。     

HHS GPS技术在矿产资源管理中的应用

HHS－手持测量系统是一种利用载波相位差分技术设计的GPS定位系统，具有轻便、精度高、无须通视等特点。主要介绍HHS GPS测量系统技术原理及其在矿产资源管理工作中应用方法。     

四川省矿产资源规划实施评估

介绍了矿产资源规划实施评估的意义和要求,评估了《四川省矿产资源总体规划(2008-2015年)》中矿产资源勘查、开发、矿山环境保护以及矿产资源管理等各项目标的实现程度,结合当前形势分析了存在的问题,并对加强矿产资源规划管理工作提出了建议。     

美国“三步式”固体矿产资源潜力评价方法评述

笔者等通过在中美合作项目中对美国地质调查局（USGS）在全美推荐使用的“三步式”矿产资源潜力评价方法的实际应用，对近年来美国地质调查局对此方法的完善和改进部分进行了系统介绍，同时对比中国常用矿产资源潜力评价方法，对“三步式”矿产资源评价方法使用过程中存在的一些问题进行了分析探讨。笔者等认为，“三步式”资源评价并非是一种全新的评价方法，它是一组评价方法的有效的集成，这一方法中有几点是值得我们借鉴的，一是一致的区域构造编图，二是标准的矿床模型和品位吨位模型，三是关于经济成本滤波器的使用。     

地质体单元及其在矿产资源评价中的应用

地质统计单元划分是矿产资源评价的一项基础性工作.地质体单元法是70年代末首先采用的一种单元划分法.地质体单元的划分是在金矿综合信息找矿模型的指导下进行的.本文运用地质体单元法的划分原理,全面分析反映各级矿产资源体单元存在条件和边界条件的地质、地球物理、地球化学、重砂特征,经过区域类比,筛选,确定出划分各级各类矿产资源体单元的具体条件.     

全国重要矿产资源潜力评价一些基本预测理论方法的进展

全国25种重要矿产资源潜力评价工作是迄今为止投入最多的矿产预测评价工作,采用的技术方法是基于矿床模型的综合地质信息预测方法。预测工作针对矿产预测的基本问题,如地质工作的不平衡性、三维预测、定量预测与定性预测结合、地物化遥综合预测等问题进行有益探索,提出了新的解决方案。以矿产预测类型为纲,开展建造构造编图,将建造与成矿环境结合;通过矿产预测类型的成矿模式、预测要素研究构建定量预测模型;通过成矿地质体地质参数法预测实现二维到三维的定量预测。     

Application of GIS in Mineral Resource Prediction of Synthetic Information

This paper introduces the fommtion mechanism and synthetic information prediction of large and superlarge deposits in Shandong Province by analyzing and studying on the GIS platform.The authors established a prospecting model of synthetic information from large and superlarge gold deposit concentration region, and the multi-source spatial database from concentration region of deposits and anomalies. On the basis of the spatial database, a target map layer, a model map layer and a predictive map layer were set up. Based on these map layers, geological variables of the model unit and predictive unit were extracted, then launched location and quantitative prediction of the gold deposit concentration region. The achievement of predicting large and superlarge deposits by the GIS platform has enabled the authors to design automation (or semi-automatic) interpretation subsystems, namely geophysics, geo-chemistry, geologic prospecting and comprehensive prognosis, and a set of the applicable GIS sofeware for mineral resmwcm prognosis of synthetic infornmtion.     

矿产资源储量核查中测量精度分析

在矿山资源储量核查中，应对其采矿工程测量资料进行检测。检测项目包括基本控制点、近井点和高程基点、井口坐标、井下导线点及高程基点、井下巷道及采区范围，并根据有关规范推算其测量精度及误差范围，进而对矿山原有资料进行评述。