Atrypid Brachiopods from the Upper Devonian Wangchengpo Formation (Frasnian) of southern Guizhou, China — Extinction Patterns in the Frasnian of South China

The Wangchengpo Frasnian section of Dushan County contains two atrypid brachiopod assemblages. The lower is characterized by the Atryparia （Costatrypa） dushanensis fauna that appears at the base of the Hejiazhai Member approximately in the falsiovalis to transitans conodont zones： the upper is characterized by the Radiatrypa yangi fauna, which appears in the Lujiazhai Member approximately correspondent with the hassi to Upper rhenana conodont zones. Atrypid brachiopods, together with other brachiopods from the Dushan section show that the Hejiazhai Member is of Frasnian age. Preliminary analyses of Frasnian atrypid brachiopods from sections of South China indicate that there are nine genera and subgenera including Atryparia （Costatrypa）, Kyrtatrypa, Spinatrypa, lsospinatrypa, Spinatrypina, lowatrypa, Desquamatia （Desquamatia）. Desquamatia （Seratrypa）, and Radiatr）pa. Atrypid species diversity did not change much through the Frasnian. On a regional scale in South China, most atrypid species went extinct prior to the Frasnian/Famennian boundary. At any specific locality or section, these atrypids became extinct about 20-40 m below the Frasnian/Famennian （F/F） boundary, within the linguiformis conodont Zone, marking this as the major extinction level. Three new atrypid species are described： Atryparia （Costatrypa） dushanensis, lowatrypa pseudobodini, and Radiatrypa yangi.     

A New Titanosaurian Sauropod from Late Cretaceous of Nei Mongol, China

A specimen collected from the Upper Cretaceous Erlian Formation of Nei Mongol （Inner Mongolia）, China, represents a new genus and species of titanosaurian sauropod. The new taxon is named and described on the basis of the holotype and the only known specimen, which comprises several dorsal, sacral, and caudal vertebrae, several dorsal ribs, one anterior chevron, and much of the pelvis. Diagnostic features of the new species include a thick ridge extending down from the postzygapophysis on the lateral surface of the neural arch of the posterior dorsal vertebrae, a transversely oriented accessory lamina present between the anterior centroparapophyseal limina and the lateral centraprezygapophyseal lamina of the posterior dorsal vertebrae, long, anteroventrally directed caudal rib that bears two distinctive fossae on its posterior margin on the anterior caudal vertebrae and a prominent vertical ridge above the pubic peduncle on the medial surface of the ilium, among others. The ilium is pneumatic, a feature not common among non-avian dinosaurs. The new taxon has an unusual combination of primitive and derived character states. Preliminary character analysis shows a complex character distribution within the Titanosauriformes. Recent titanosauriform discoveries suggest that a significant radiation occurred in Asia early in the titanosauriform evolution.     

High—Resolution Dating of Stalagmites and Reconstruction of Paleo—Environments

The discovery of abrupt paleo-climate change events and the prediction of environmental changes in the future time have raised an urgent request for high-resolution paleo-environmental records.This paper reviews the progress made in hronology and paleo-environment of stalagmites from karst caves in China and presents some of the results of TIMS-U-series dating of stalagmites composed of secondary carbonates,taken from the Dongge,Longquan and Yamen karst caves in Libo County and the Qixing karst cave in Duyun,Guizhou Province,on a MAT-262 mass spectrometer.     

A New Protoceratopsid (Dinosauria: Neoceratopsia) from the Late Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China

An almost complete skull, which was collected from the Upper Cretaceous of the Bayan Mandahu area in Inner Mongolia, China by the Sino-Canadian Dinosaur Project, is described and assigned to a new genus of protoceratopsid dinosaur, Magnirostris dodsoni gen. et sp. nov. This new taxon is distinguished from other protoceratopsids by the robust rostral bone and the existence of incipient orbital horn cores. The existence of an additional antorbital fenestra indicates a close relationship between Magnirostris and Bagaceratops.     

A New Species of Huaxiapterus （Pterosauria： Pterodactyloidea） from the Lower Cretaceous of Western Liaoning, China with Comments on the Systematics of Tapejarid Pterosaurs

A new species of tapejarid pterosaur, Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a nearly complete skull and postcranial skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, China. Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is characterized by a hatchet-shaped rectangular process on the premaxilla, whose short axis is perpendicular to the anterior margin of the premaxillae. Except for this process, other characters of the skull such as the breadth of the snout between the anterior margin of the nasoantorbital fenestra and the anterior margin of the premaxilla are similar to that of Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus and a second Chinese tapejarid, Sinopterus, share several unique cranial characters in common with Tapejara and these three genera appear to be more closely related to each other than to other azhdarchoids. The Chinese tapejarids （Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus） have relatively elongate skulls and weakly developed cranial crests and seem to be less derived than Tapejara, with its shorter, deeper skull and large cranial crest. Tupuxuarids （Tupuxuara and Thalassodromeus） have often been associated with tapejarids in the family Tapejaridae, but this relationship is controversial because some phylogenetic analyses have supported the pairing of tupuxuarids with Azhdarchidae. We propose that Tapejaridae be restricted to Tapejara, Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus.     

Pygostyle-like Structure from Beipiaosaurus (Theropoda, Therizinosauroidea) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China

Pygostyle was previously considered as a unique structure of ornithothoracine birds, used to maneuver tail feathers. A similar structure from an oviraptorosaurian dinosaur was considered functionally associated with the rectrices as in birds. We report a pygostyle-like structure from a therizinosauroid dinosaur. The presence of filamentous integuments, but absence of rectrices, on the tail of this therizinosauroid, combined with other lines of evidence, suggests that the initial function of the pygostyle was not related to the rectrices.     

A Nwe Hadrosauroid Dinosaur from the Mid—Cretaceous of Liaoning,China

A new hadrosauroid dinosaur,Shuangmiaosaurus gilmorei gen.et sp.nov,is descuibed based on a complete left maxilla with articulated premaxilla and lacrimal fragments,and a complete left dentary from the mid-Cretaceous Sunjiawan Formation of Beipiao.Liaoning,northeastern China.Chadistic analysis shows that Shuangmiaosaurus is a basal hadrosauroid,and comprises the sister taxon to Hadrosauridae.In both Shuangmiaosqurus and Hadrosaurids.However,Shuangmiaosaurus does not possess such hadrosaurid synapomorphies as the diamond-shaped maxillary crowns with reduced primary ridges and reduced marginal denticles.     

High Precision Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometric Dating of Corals and Its Application to Paleo—Environmental Study

Global change has become a hot spot in Quaternary geology,and high-precision,high-sensitivity dating is also an urgent problem which needs to be solved.This paper presents some achievements in U-servies dating of marine corals by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) and its application to the study of paleo-environments.Recently,coral samples were determined for their ages on a MAT-262 mass spectrometer and satisfactory results have been obtained.     

贵州独山泥盆纪胴甲鱼类一新属

胴甲鱼类为世界性分布的古生代鱼类,其化石是确定泥盆纪地层时代及地层对比的重要标志之一。本文记述了胴甲鱼类一新属、新种——张氏猴儿山鱼Houershanaspis zhangi gen.et sp.nov.,其前中背片外形和与周边甲片的覆压关系类似于沟鳞鱼类,但甲片表面具有独特的条纹状纹饰,可区别于其他胴甲鱼类。这一化石发现于贵州省独山县城以东的猴儿山,产出层位为早泥盆世丹林组下部,约相当于布拉格期(Pragian)晚期。     

贵州西北部泥盆系镁菱铁矿床成因研究

贵州西北部地区(主要包括水城地区和赫章地区)位于扬子地块东南缘,产出有多个大型、中型镁菱铁矿床和菱铁矿床。赫章和水城地区是贵州省最重要的两大铁矿富集区,矿床赋存于泥盆系和石炭系碳酸盐岩地层中。本文报道了贵州赫章水塘、雄飞和铁矿山矿段泥盆系镁菱铁矿床岩石学、矿物学及矿床地球化学结果:矿体呈层状、似层状和脉状产出,矿石类型以米黄色和灰色镁菱铁矿为主,其构造类型有块状、条带状及米粒状构造。与镁菱铁矿共生产出有白云石、长石、黄铁矿及石英等矿物。与长石紧密共生的白云石具有典型的鞍状结构,表明其遭受了明显的热液叠加改造作用。水塘和雄飞镁菱铁矿床的钍(0.4×10-6~2.3×10-6,平均1.1×10-6;0.2×10-6~3.2×10-6,平均1.3×10-6)、锆(2.7×10-6~20.6×10-6,平均8.1×10-6;1.3×10-6~17.8×10-6,平均7.5×10-6)和钪(0.5×10-6~3.9×10-6,平均1.3×10-6;0.1×10-6~3.6×10-6,平均1.4×10-6)及Al2O3(0.24%~1.78%,平均0.85%;0.06%~2.77%,平均1.18%)含量较铁矿山铁矿(Th含量为0.2×10-6~0.8×10-6,平均0.4×10-6,Zr含量为0.6×10-6~9×10-6,平均4×10-6,Sc含量为0.1×10-6~1.7×10-6,平均0.5×10-6,Al2O3含量为0.01%~1%,平均0.38%)偏高,表明水塘和雄飞铁矿成矿过程中有较强的陆源风化物质参与。铁矿山铁矿具有较高Eu/Eu*值(6.73~8.94,平均7.68)和低Y/Ho值(26.67~33.33,平均30.01),暗示热液作用对铁矿山铁矿成矿贡献更大。结合矿床硫同位素及有机碳分析结果,认为区内镁菱铁矿床属于沉积——改造成因。     

贵州南部泥盆系层序地层划分和层序地层格架的建立

贵州南部的泥盆系为一个大型的楔状体。从深水背景的广西南丹罗富剖面到古陆边缘的贵阳乌当剖面,泥盆系由13个层序变薄尖灭成5个层序,这是泥盆纪早期海侵尖灭与晚期海退尖灭的结果。研究区泥盆系由海侵碎屑岩岩系到清水台地碳酸盐岩岩系地层序列构成2个二级层序,又可进一步划分为13个三级层序。二级层序和三级层序均由其特殊的沉积相序列组成。研究区泥盆系层序地层划分和层序地层格架的建立提供了一个在年代地层与海平面变化框架内研究“相迁移”的良好实例。     

贵州独山泥盆系大河口组遗迹化石Teichichnus及其地质意义

贵州独山中泥盆统大河口组中含有丰富的遗迹化石Teichichnus Seilacher(包括5个遗迹种：潜穴及蹼状构造直立排列的Teichichnus rectus Seilacher，潜穴管具有二分枝现象的T．palmatus Seilacher，潜穴管近口孔部位膨大呈葫芦状的T．majiatunensis Wang，潜穴管近口孔部向上折曲的T．sinuosatus Wang和蹼状板构造呈S状扭曲的T．aff．sigmoi—dalis(Seilacher)。本文主要讨论其生态环境意义及地质意义。通过野外观察及研究分析认为：与层面斜交的Teichichnus潜穴管为造迹生物居住和觅食的活动场所，为Seilacher(1967)的Cruaiana遗迹相的典型分子；蹼状构造的形成系造迹生物在保持一定生态位下与沉积或侵蚀作用相关，并可确定地层的顶底面；潜穴管口孔的弯曲程度和膨胀程度是区分遗迹种的重要特征，可利用Teichichnus的遗迹种和其潜穴管与层面之间的交角分析其沉积环境的微相变化；Teichichnus潜穴管口孔多迎着主水流方向发育，可指示古水流的方向。     

贵州镇宁泥盆系大型重晶石矿床地球化学特征及其成因研究

水城-紫云-南丹深断裂是跨越黔桂两省较为闻名的断裂带,沿断裂带两侧分布一系列矿床类型,贵州镇宁泥盆系大型重晶石矿床位于北西侧。对镇宁大型重晶石矿床的沉积学、地球化学及成矿背景的研究发现,矿石中发育纹层状构造、条带状构造、角砾状构造、碎屑状构造和厚层块状构造等热水沉积构造,常量元素特征揭示该矿床可能形成于以SiO₂及含矿硫酸盐流体的同生混合沉积作用。重晶石矿(岩)石中Sr、Zn和W明显富集,显示热水沉积特征,且该重晶石矿(岩)石在lg U-lg Th和Cr-Zr相关图解上也均显示热水沉积特征。稀土配分模式富集轻稀土,δEu表现正异常,δCe表现负异常,具热水喷流成矿特征。因此,认为镇宁大型重晶石矿属海底热水喷流沉积形成的产物。     

贵州平坝白垩纪地层及沉积特征

通过对平坝一带区域地质的调查,认为这套白垩系砾岩、紫红色泥岩为山麓—河湖相沉积,是燕山期构造控制的山前盆地沉积。在紫红色泥岩中首次发现介形类Ｔａｌｉｃｙｐｒｉｄｅａｓｐ．、Ｔ．ｌａ－ｔｉｏｖａｔａ、Ｃｙｐｒｉｓｓｐ．,证明其属上白垩统扎佐组,而不是侏罗系。根据沉积学研究将其划分为４种沉积类型,并圈定了各类型空间展布。砾岩,砂岩属碎屑流沉积产物,而紫红色泥岩为湖相沉积,两者在很大程度上属同时异相沉积。     

黔南独山地区早泥盆世事件沉积记录及地质意义

事件沉积是地质学研究热点之一.黔南独山地区早泥盆世丹林组沉积时期事件沉积记录为华南板块海西早期构造演化再研究提供了新的线索.通过路线调查、剖面实测、岩相解析、实验测试查明丹林组存在砂岩液化、自形-半自形独居石及金红石、团块状黄铁矿、锑异常层等事件沉积记录.经研究本文认为,上述现象是由于黔南独山地区早泥盆世丹林组沉积时期可能存在潜火山活动引起,该潜火山活动导致了同时期的热事件沉积,并表明事件沉积环境为热水盆地.分布于独山地区的锑、铅、锌、铁、金矿化均赋存于泥盆系地层之中,且具有显著的层控特点;故而该地区的多金属矿化很可能与华南板块海西早期的构造-岩浆活动热事件启动密切相关.     

试对贵州贵定平伐泥盆系碎屑岩金刚石信息的思考

本文根据贵定平伐地区水系砂矿金刚石和泥盆系碎屑岩金刚石信息,结合黔东钾镁煌斑岩乃至华北地台金刚石成矿于奥陶纪(末)的时间域,贵州地史演化特征和此时都匀运动的地质构造格架,综合分析认为,仍处海相沉积建造进程中的黔东有一系列(含金刚石)钾镁煌斑岩侵入,作为上扬子地台中相对刚性的黔中隆起块体,应更利于钾镁煌斑岩型甚至金伯利岩型金刚石的成矿,贵定平伐泥盆系碎屑岩金刚石或许就是来源于黔中隆起区原生金刚石矿的剥蚀扩散补给,并因此相伴形成碎屑岩区水系砂矿金刚石及其指示矿物的重砂异常。     

黔桂地区泥盆系层序地层格架及相对海平面变化

志留纪末期的加里东运动,使黔桂地区的古地理格局发生了重大变化,早古生代的滇黔桂古陆演变为晚古生代的滇黔桂海。泥盆纪初期,海水由南而北逐渐海侵超覆,在泥盆系的底部形成一套海侵碎屑岩系地层;早泥盆世晚期的大规模海侵事件造成了明显的相分异,在习称的滇黔桂盆地中发育了若干孤立碳酸盐台地,这种“台-盆-丘-槽”的格局一直延续到晚泥盆世早期;而泥盆纪末期的紫云运动所造成的地壳抬升,又使晚泥盆世地层产生海退尖灭。因此,该地区的泥盆系构成一个二级构造层序,其中包含13个三级沉积层序。在前人大量生物地层学研究的基础上,追索和对比不同沉积背景中的三级沉积层序的相序组构特征以及由其所代表的相对海平面变化,即可建立黔桂地区泥盆系的层序地层格架。层序地层格架较为充分地表现出三级沉积层序的两大特征--空间上相序的有序性和时间上环境变化的同步性,同时也明显地显示出地层记录中的两种相变面和两种穿时性。     

黔南地区早、中泥盆世沉积演化的动力机制

泥盆纪时，黔南地区为一相对稳定的台地，早泥盆世晚期，海水开始漫漫其上.初始发育陆源碎屑沉积体系，中泥盆世发育陆源碎屑～碳酸盐混合体系.空间配置有下列几种类型:滨岸障壁～泻湖～河流体系，碳酸盐缓坡～滨岸障壁～泻湖体系，镶边型碳酸盐台地～泻湖三角洲（潮坪）体系，碳酸盐缓坡～三角洲体系。基底断裂限定了台地和台间沟的延限范围和演化进程，这两种不同沉积背景的沉积演化旋回可能主要受海平面变化控制。