The Features of Dasyclad Algae and the Dasycladaceae Fossils in Jiaonan Region

IntroductionThe working place is situated in Juxian andRizhao region of the southern Shandong province(Fig. l), and it is a part of Laiyang basin (Remotegeologic mapping team of Changchun university ofearth sciences, 1995). The Dasycladaceae fossils arefo…     

胶南造山带西段区域构造格局及变形特征

胶南造山带西段显示了以韧性剪切带为主，穹隆构造、弧形构造及复杂的叠加褶皱共存的构造格局。主要的剪切系统有近水平拆离型、平行造山带走向的高角度走滑型、呈弧形展布的推覆型和造山带边缘隆－滑型韧性剪切带。走滑型剪切带是该区变形最明显的一组强剪切应变带，其运动性质以右行平移为主；弧形韧性剪切带由垂直造山带走向的近南北向转为平行造山带走向的近东西向，呈向NW凸出的弧形，自SEE向NWW方向推覆；造山带边缘韧性剪切带具明显的纵向分段性，反映了其在隆升的同时形成了垂直造山带和平行造山带的运动分量。主要的穹隆构造有尚庄穹隆、丝山穹隆、甲子山穹隆和官山穹隆。尚庄穹隆由片麻理围斜外倾、环形韧性剪切带及环状分布的包体群所显示，是岩浆强力定位造成的真正的片麻岩穹隆。弧形构造主要有龙古弧、诗雒弧和临沐弧，它们显示了胶南造山带三维空间上的“立交桥”式结构特征。     

胶南隆起变质地层划分对比及大地构造演化初步探讨

前言胶南隆起位于山东省东南部、江苏省北部。山东省区调队于1976～1982年在该地区进行了1/20万区域地质调查(以下简称“区调”),对变质地层及其构造进行了较详细的研究,并对变质地层重新进行了划分,笔者参加了该项区调工作,本文在上述基础上写成.文中除了对新划分的地层系统、建造特征、地层对比及岩相古地理进行简略论述外,对胶南隆起的大地构造演化进行了探讨。不当之处,请予以指正。     

胶南市七宝山铅矿电法测量适宜性探讨

胶南七宝山铅矿位于胶南造山带北缘,是在该造山带上首次发现的铅工业矿床。矿体呈脉状赋存于构造裂隙中,为含银铅萤石石英脉,伴生萤石、银,部分地段伴生铜。大功率激电测深和可控源音频大地电磁测深在该区试验有一定效果,对寻找地下盲矿体、推断矿体倾向延深有一定帮助,有效地指导了钻探工程的部署,在相应的异常部位找到了深部矿体,电法勘探显示了一定的找矿效果。     

虾池浮游微藻的种类组成、数量和多样性变动

报道了在集约化养虾中应用有益微生物制剂对虾池浮游微藻的影响,分析了整个养虾周期浮游微藻的种类组成、生物量、优势种及多样性指数的周期变化情况。结果表明,早期虾池浮游微藻细胞数量维持在1×103~3×103mL-1的水平,养殖中期开始呈指数增长状态,后期达到顶峰,并维持在70×103~160×103mL-1的水平,生物量比自然海区高。优势种类明显,前期为中肋骨条藻和伏氏海毛藻等硅藻类,后期则为绿球藻和栅列藻等绿藻类,水色及藻相呈良好状态,而不施加芽孢杆菌制剂的对照池则在后期出现较大比例的有害的蓝藻。虾池藻类多样性指数、均匀度指数和种类丰度均呈现前期高后期低的趋势,而优势度指数则相反,呈现前期低后期高的趋势。浮游植物的多样性指数为0.60~3.80,平均为1.88,均匀度指数为0.14~0.83,平均为0.45;种类丰度为0.80~2.46,平均为1.38;优势度指数在0.17~0.85,平均为0.41。多样性指数和均匀度均比粤东海域低,但优势度则甚高。     

应用地球物理资料对胶南地体构造特征的探讨

本文根据新的地球物理资料和地体构造的研究成果,探讨了胶南地体构造的深部特征和依据。胶南地体处在华北地台与扬子地台之间构造缝合带上,它应为秦岭造山带越过郯庐断裂的向东延伸部分;五荣断裂为其北界,赣榆黄海断裂为南界。胶南地体可能是在秦岭造山过程中两大板块碰撞增生形成。胶南重力低不仅与地幔低凹有关,而且与该地体内广泛发育的密度较小的花岗岩类岩石及低密度值的元古界胶南群内混合岩、片麻岩、变粒岩等岩石密切相关。     

胶南地块的隆升-伸展构造

岩石学及同位素地质学研究均表明，含榴辉岩的胶南地块在高温高压变质后经历过快速降压过程，这一过程在构造上表现为隆升－伸展构造。这种构造在胶南地块有两种形式：其一为地块内部的垂向缩短、水平向伸展构造，以浅色脉体的变形为特征，并反映出从深层次向浅层次的转化；另一为地块边部的正滑型构造带，可分为早期塑性变形和叠加于其上的且分布于地块外侧的晚期脆性－半脆性变形。反映运动矢量的拉伸线理走向呈放射状：北段走向近南北，中西段近东西。这是地块北西侧的变形特点，东南侧情况不明。北部正滑型剪切带中白云母40Ar／39Ar坪年龄表明，伸展构造的时代为146Ma±。这次构造运动可能由俯冲至上地幔的大洋板块与地壳拆离造成的重力均衡所引起，其结果不仅使得大陆地壳上隆，而且还使榴辉岩从下地壳上升至地表。     

鲁东前寒武纪岩石地层清理意见

厘定后的鲁东前寒武纪地层分区以王台－五莲为界，分为胶北地层小区和胶南地层小区。胶北地层小区层（岩）序为：晚太古代胶东岩群、早元古代荆山群、粉子山群、芝罘群，震旦纪蓬莱群。胶南地层小区层（岩）序为：晚太古代大山沟岩组，早元古代胶南岩群，震旦系朋河石组。对原胶南群作了重新厘定：原甄家沟组因其岩石属变形变质的二长花岗岩而被废弃；大山沟组绝大部分为变形变质二长花岗岩体，而仅将原划大山沟组一段的部分斜长角闪岩和黑云变粒岩厘定为大山沟岩组，隶属晚大古代；原划邱官庄组底部变质含砾砂岩新建为朋河石组；邱官在岩组和于象岭岩组合称为新义的胶南岩群，荆山群与粉子山群和胶南宕群可能属同时异相沉积变质产物。五莲群与粉子山群为同物异名因而废弃。     

山东地壳演化阶段中非金属矿床含矿建造

山东是我国非金属矿较多的省份，发育着多种非属周矿产．这些非金属矿产均产在一定的含矿建造中，而这些非金属矿含矿建造的形成和分布是存在着明显规律性的．第一，在鲁西地体、胶北地体和胶南地体的每个地体构造单元中．发育着各具特点的非金属矿含矿建造和非金属矿产，每一个地体均具有独特的非全属矿成矿专属性；第二，在山东地壳演化的陆核形成阶段、陆块发展阶段、陆缘发展阶段和滨太平洋发展阶段的每一个地质历史发展阶段中，形成了不同的非金属矿含矿建造，控制了山东各类非金属矿产的形成和时空分布，其为山东非金属矿产的四个大的成矿期。依据非金周矿合矿建造划分原则，据目前已有资料，在山东省内共划分出３５种非金周矿含矿建造。     

关中地区重力场动态演化特征与地震活动分析

系统分析了陕西关中测区1983～2003年的流动重力观测资料,研究了重力场的时空动态演化特征,结 果表明:①地震孕育阶段,伴随异常点段增多,重力场在一定范围内出现区域性的重力负异常,地震往往发生在异 常区的边缘或重力异常梯度带上,震后逐渐回升;②重力场变化图像较好地反映了在区域应力场和震源应力场作 用下断层活动引起的重力效应;③关中重力场的转折变化受制于大区域应力场的影响和作用。     

辽东半岛南部晚先寒武纪宏体生物序列

辽东半岛市部上先寒武系自下而上划分为4群15组,其中细河群的三个组即钓鱼台组、南芬组、桥头组产宏观藻类化石;五行山群的长岭子组、南关岭组产蠕虫和宏观藻类化石;金县群兴民村组产类水母化石,葛屯组产蠕虫、宏观藻类化石,上覆的下寒武统碱厂组产三叶虫和古杯动物化石。上先寒武系7个宏体生物化石层位构成一个连续的、完整的宏体生物序列,可分为4个演化阶段:①细河期宏观藻类发生发展阶段;②五行山期蠕虫发生发展阶段和宏观藻类发展阶段;③兴民村期类水母发生发展阶段;④葛屯期蠕虫和宏观藻类新的发展阶段。据此可以划分为4个生物群,即细河生物群(800Ma前)、五行山生物群(800—700Ma)、金县生物群(677Ma)、满家滩生物群(600Ma)。另外早寒武世三叶虫和古杯动物组成葫芦套生物群,为早寒武世晚期。辽东半岛与苏皖北部晚先寒武纪地层不仅沉积序列相同,而且宏体生物序列也基本相同,两区生物地层完全可以对比。辽东半岛南部晚先寒武纪宏体生物序列的建立及其在同一地层区的延展性,提高了本区晚先寒武纪地层剖面的地位。使其可能成为全球晚先寒武纪生物地层层型剖面。     

山东省胶南市七宝山银铅多金属矿地质特征及找矿前景

胶南市七宝山地区发现了以银铅为主的多金属矿 ,矿石中有益组分以银铅为主 ,伴生有萤石、铜及少量金 ,其找矿标志是硅化构造破碎带、石英脉、萤石石英脉等。找矿方向应集中于山周断裂两侧和燕山晚期伟德山超单元之中。该区具有较好的找矿前景     

地震沉积学在河流-浅水三角洲沉积相研究中的应用: 以渤海海域蓬莱A构造区馆陶组为例

庙西南凸起蓬莱A构造区馆陶组有良好油气发现,但储层厚度多小于5 m,难以被精确识别刻画。以薄层砂体为研究对象,综合地震、测井、钻井岩心、古生物等基础资料,明确研究区馆陶组沉积时期受北东向物源供给沉积,发育河流-浅水三角洲相。基于90°相位化处理确定砂体地震响应特征;分频解释处理判断相对等时地震同相轴,构建馆陶组高频层序地层格架（三级层序SQ1-3）,优选60Hz地震数据体进行地层切片划分;地层切片高精度沉积学解释揭示研究区馆陶组SQ1层序至SQ3层序依次发育河流-席状化浅水三角洲-朵叶状浅水三角洲-水下河道型浅水三角洲。其中SQ1层序中河道砂体以及SQ2-3层序中浅水三角洲前缘砂体皆为有利储层。此次研究丰富发展了渤海海域河流-浅水三角洲相中地震沉积学在砂体预测中的研究成果。      

地壳深部结构探测启示与山东中生代金成矿的主要科学问题讨论

在山东省域内广泛分布有中生代形成的金矿床。涵盖胶北地块、胶南威海造山带的胶东金矿区以成矿作用强烈、赋存资源量巨大成为中国东部金成矿的典型代表,为成矿机理、成矿过程和研究对比提供了重要场所。在对胶东地区地壳深部结构探测认识进展的基础上,总结山东省中生代金成矿的时空规律,本文提出胶北地块、鲁西地块以及胶南威海造山带内中生代形成的与岩浆活动相关的内生金矿床虽具有不同成矿模式,但在成矿过程中,具有相似的成矿动力机制。通过不同构造单元内成矿模式的对比,结合已有的成矿理论和胶北地块地壳结构特征,提出在华北克拉通破坏过程中,存在以岩石圈破裂为特征的金成矿作用。成矿作用以构造体系、岩浆体系和成矿流体等要素耦合为基础,构成了各具特色的成矿系统。在阐述上述认识的基础上,本文初步梳理了进一步研究中,需要厘清和解决的部分科学问题。     

Desertization of the continental shelf of China in the later stage of Late Pleistocene

In the later stage of Late Pleistocene, global climate entered into the climax period of Würm when temperature decreased remarkably and glaciers developed. Information from the East China Sea also confirm that the sea level fell by at least 130 m at that time (Emery, 1968). The Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea at the climax period were totally exposed, while the East China Sea and South China Sea shelf regions were exposed partly. The exposed shelf area exceeded 1 million km² and became a salty desert where land plants could not survive. Such were the conditions which led to the desertization of the shelf region. Eolation was the major exogenetic force not only on land but also on the shelf region in the ice age. At the climax period of Würm, the northern part of China developed thick layers of loess deposits. The shelf region at that time had similar climatic conditions and sediments. Because the shelf region was not protected by vegetation in the ice age, intensive wind storms remoulded the primarily deposited strata to produce new sedimentary differentiation and new series of land sediments. Shallow-layer profiler records indicated the existence of many land sediment types, including dunes, dune-chains, desert bodies, thick layers of repose angle sediments and desertization derivatives. New data available show the shelf region adjoining China can be divided into six regions of desertization and its derivatives. Contribution No. 1846, from the Institute of Oceanology, Acadernia Sinica. Project sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Comparative studies on uptake pathway of cadmium byPerna viridis

Experiments were designed to expose the filter-feeding bivalve Perna viridis to different Cd-contaminated water environments in order to compare the different pathways through which Cd is accumulated. Results show that mussels can accumulate Cd through seawater, food, sediment and suspended particle pathways in a short period of time. Mussels＇ uptake of Cd through the seawater pathway reaches the highest concentration approximately 3 and 9 times larger than through the algae and sediment pathways respectively after 7 d. This indicates that the Cd-accumulation through seawater is most efficient. Results also indicate that the uptake directly through contaminated algae, particles or sediments ingested by mussels is less important when compared with the uptake of Cd by mussels through the seawater pathway. Metal uptake pathways and mechanisms of bioaccumulation by marine bivalve are also discussed in this paper.     

EFFECTS OF DCMU ON CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE RATIO F685/F735 IN MARINE RED,BROWN AND GREEN ALGAE

The chorophyll fluorescence ratio F685/F735 in vivo can be a useful indicator for stress detection inhigher plants and seaweed. DCMU [3 - (3, 4 - dichlorophenyl ) - 1, 1 - dimethylurea] treatment influencesthis ratio. Th effects of DCMU on F685/F735 of marine red, brown and green algae under excitationlight of different wavelengths were investigted. In the brown algae, Laminaria japonica and Undariapinnatifida,DCMU did not increase this ratio under blue light excitation but increased the ratio slightlyunder excitation by green light. For the red algea, Halymenia sinensis, DCMU increased the ratiomarkedly under both blue and green ligh excitation. The percentage increase could reach 50% (undergreen light excitation) and was due to unequal enhancement at the two emission maxima by DCMU. Afraction of chlorophyll which contributed to fluorescence in the 735 nm region was less sensitive toDCMU and was likely from photosystem I of red algae. In the green alga, Ulva pertusa, DCMU causeda slight increase in F685     

阿尔金造山带东段地质构造演化概论

阿尔金造山带曾是一个早古生代拗拉槽,其两侧地质体具有极为相似的地质构造特征。该区构造演化可以概括为:晚太古代至早元古代处于底侵造壳阶段,经吕梁旋回发生克拉通化,出现中元古代稳定型盖层沉积。加里东旋回中叶,经过短暂的拗拉、裂陷,分裂的塔柴板块又重新聚合。华力西旋回该区以剥蚀夷平作用为主,仅在山间断陷或山前凹陷的局部地段沉积有上泥盆统磨拉石建造。石炭纪发生短暂小规模海侵。侏罗纪全区进入陆相发育阶段。区内岩浆活动频繁,燕山旋回为最高潮。在喜山旋回,随着印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞,该区也被卷入青藏高原总体的巨大演变之中。早期由边缘断陷转化为大型断陷盆地,至上新世湖水淹没了大部地区;晚期,随着阿尔金迅速崛起,塔里木—柴达木板块再度分裂,南盘抬升,北盘下降。文章最后探讨了阿尔金左行斜滑地震断裂带的控震作用。     

胶南地区伟德山超单元中闪长质包体的特征及岩浆成因

胶南地区伟德山超单元中有较多的微粒闪长质包体 ,对其结构、化学成分、稀土配分模式、同位素地质年龄等特征进行分析研究 ,并与寄主岩石进行对比 ,认为闪长质包体为液态不混溶成因 ,与寄主岩石准同时形成或包体形成略早 ;伟德山超单元由幔源基性岩浆和下地壳部分熔融的酸性岩浆经岩浆混合作用形成     

Seasonal change of ice algal and phytoplankton assemblages in the Nella Fjord near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica

The ice algal and phytoplankton assemblages were studied from Nella Fjord near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica from April 12 to December 30, 1992. Algal blooms occurred about 3 cm thick on the bottom of sea ice in late April and mid November to early December respectively, and a phytoplankton bloom appeared in the underlying surface water in mid December following the spring ice algal bloom. The biomass in ice bottom was 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of surface water. Amphiprora kjellmanii, Berkeleya sp., Navicula glaciei, Nitzschia barkelyi, N. cylindrus /N. curta, N. lecointei and Nitzschia sp. were common in the sea ice temporarily or throughout the study period. The biomass in a certain ice segment was decreased gradually and the dominant species were usually succeeded as the season went on. Nitzschia sublineata and Dactyliosolen antarctica were two seasonal dominant species only observed in underlying water column. The assemblages between bottom of ice and underlying surface water were different except when spring ice algae bloomed. The evidence shows that the ice algal blooms occurred mainly by in situ growth of ice algae, and the phytoplankton bloom was mostly caused by the release of ice algae.