西宁降尘的柠檬酸酸溶特性研究

以西宁降尘为研究对象,探讨柠檬酸溶解2 d过程中体系的pH及电导率变化,借助XRD、FTIR、SEM和ICP等表征手段,对降尘经酸处理后的残余固体及上清液进行分析。降尘加入柠檬酸的前4 h,反应溶液pH迅速上升;电导率从初始的4.31 ms/cm迅速升高到5.61 ms/cm,然后缓慢下降;8 h后,pH和电导率基本达到稳定。根据XRD分析,白云石特征峰(d=0.2886 nm、0.2190 nm等)和方解石特征峰(d=0.3031nm、0.2282 nm等)完全消失;根据红外分析,代表碳酸盐矿物的特征峰(1430 cm-1和877 cm-1)也消失,结合XRD结果可以得出方解石和白云石在柠檬酸作用2 d后完全溶解。柠檬酸溶出了降尘中大量的Ca2+,K+,Mg2+,Fe3+,Al3+,Si等元素,其中Ca2+的溶出量达到711.63 mg/L。柠檬酸对不同元素溶出的促进作用由强到弱依次为:FeAlSiCaMgK。在柠檬酸的作用下,降尘中的矿物被全部或部分溶解,其中碳酸盐矿物几乎完全溶解。     

全球气候变化研究与科学数据简

By illustrating the relationship between the climate system and the scientific data, a requirement of scientific data for the earth system research has been proposed to be paid more attention to climate change studies. The research progresses of global climate change in China for the recent 10 years have been reviewed and the important role of observation datasets and assimilated production in the global climate change has been pointed out. Furthermore, the meteorological data sharing situation     

北欧海深层水的研究进展简

As a connection region between North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, the Nordic Sea plays a critical role in global climate system. In the Nordic Seas, surface water converts into intermediate water and deep water after cooling and other effects. These waters transport southward, and enter into North Atlantic as a form of overflow, therefore, they are the main source of the North Atlantic Deep Water(NADW), which play a key role in global ocean conveyor. The causes and processes of the deep water formation in the Nordic Seas are still uncertain. Based on a review of current and historical research results of the deep water in the Nordic Seas, the most important process for deep water formation convection is addressed. Factors and physical processes that may have impact on deep water formation are summarized. The transport of deep water in the Nordic Seas is summed up. Multi year variation of the deep water is described with the aim of giving some instructions and research directions to the readers.