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1.
四川盆地下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段一直是四川盆地致密油勘探的重要层位之一。针对该层位的研究已逾半个世纪,但岩石类型分类粗略、沉积环境及储集岩类型认识不清等问题是导致该层段致密油勘探未获重大突破的重要原因。鉴于此,笔者等开展了对四川盆地东部重庆北碚和平水库剖面下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段湖相碳酸盐岩岩石类型及沉积环境的研究。研究发现,该剖面大安寨段为湖相碎屑岩与碳酸盐岩的混合沉积,由5大类岩石组成,可细分为14种岩石类型。碳酸盐岩厚度占剖面总厚度的60%以上,以泥晶灰岩为主,介壳灰岩和介屑灰岩次之;在纵向上形成了4个较为典型的向上变浅沉积序列。根据各岩石类型宏观、微观沉积特征及岩石纵向组合形式,进一步分析了各岩石类型的沉积环境,结果表明,北碚地区下侏罗统大安寨段沉积时期为滨、浅湖环境,以低能碳酸盐沉积为主;高能与较低能环境成因的介壳滩并非碳酸盐沉积的主体。湖泊进入碳酸盐沉积阶段和钙质骨壳生物的大量繁育是大安寨期湖相碳酸盐岩形成的主要原因。结晶介屑灰岩和泥晶白云岩可能是川东地区致密油的储集岩类,在今后的勘探中,应提高对滨浅湖环境、易受大气淡水改造的岩石类型的重视程度。  相似文献   

2.
重庆北碚地区下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段沉积特征   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
大安寨段介壳灰岩作为四川盆地主要的非常规产油层,岩性及沉积特征较为特殊。通过野外露头观察及岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜等分析手段,对重庆北碚地区下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段的沉积特征进行了系统分析。结果表明:重庆北碚地区侏罗系大安寨段岩性复杂,以亮晶介壳灰岩、粉晶白云岩、泥质介壳灰岩和泥页岩为主,次为生屑云岩和砂屑灰岩。大安寨段属受陆源碎屑影响明显的湖相碳酸盐岩沉积,可划分出滨浅湖亚相及高能介壳滩、高能砂屑介壳滩、滩间洼地、低能介壳滩等多个微相。其中,高能砂屑介壳滩水动力条件强、原生孔隙较发育。虽受埋藏成岩作用影响而使原生孔隙消耗殆尽,但后期溶蚀作用和构造作用改造仍可形成特低孔、低渗的非常规碳酸盐储层。  相似文献   

3.
<正>纳米孔在岩石、土壤、矿物、生物体内普遍存在(Hochella,2008;Wang et al.,2003;Xu et al.,2002,2003;Loucks et al.,2009),并且表现出异于常规物质的性质。例如,在地球环境中,水限制在纳米级别空间的情形极为常见,如岩石、矿物孔内的水,蛋白质结合水等;而水在纳米孔内性质会发生变化,如熔点、凝固点降低等(Denoyel and Pellenq,2002)。由于纳米空间限制以及相互  相似文献   

4.
处于扬子板块东北缘的苏鲁造山带出露的基底岩石主要是各类片麻岩,其中花岗质片麻岩约占80%以上,它们普遍遭受了强烈的角闪岩相退变质作用改造(刘福来等,2004).资料表明,这些岩石原岩的年龄主要集中在700~800 Ma(Li S G et al.,1993;刘福来等,2003,2004;Zheng Y F et al.,2003,2004),峰期年龄约750 Ma(Zheng Y F et al.,2003).  相似文献   

5.
<正>用分子生物学和微生物学的方法来进行天然气水合物找矿与成矿机制的研究是继地球物理、地球化学、矿物学以及生物有机地球化学等以来的又一新的研究手段。目前,世界上许多已知水合物区的微生物群落已得到调查,如墨西哥湾(Mills et al.,2003)、Cascadia margin(Bidle et al.,1999;Marchesi,2001)、Eel River(Hinrichs et al.,1999)、Andaman Sea(Brandon et al.,2012)等,并在其中获得的微生物的16S rRNA序列也  相似文献   

6.
Re-Os同位素体系作为富有机质地质样品定年和示踪的一种强有力工具,得到了国内外地质学家的广泛认可(Ravizza and Turekian,1989;Cohenet al.,1999;Jiang et al.,2007;Selby et al.,2005;Yang et al.,2004;Hannah et al.,2006)。黑色页岩等样品由于有机质含量较高,与有机质存在紧密联  相似文献   

7.
<正>X油田位于伊拉克东南部,是以生物碎屑灰岩为主的巨型油田,主力产层为白垩系M组下段MB2—MC1油藏,也是滩相沉积最为发育的层段。相比于碎屑岩,碳酸盐岩储层发育控制因素更为复杂,包括海平面升降、生物生活习性及古地貌特征等,研究难度更大(杜相仪等,2021)。特别是中东生物碎屑灰岩,受限于资料限制,古地貌相关研究较为缺乏,其对沉积特征和差异成岩的控制作用研究较少涉及(Assadi et al., 2023)。本文基于地震、测井、  相似文献   

8.
正黄陵穹窿位于华南扬子克拉通核部地区,出露有华南前南华纪最古老、面积最大的太古宙-古元古代崆岭杂岩(崆岭岩群)(高山和张本仁,1990;马大铨等,1997;Gao et al.,1999,2011;Qiu et al.,2000;Zhang et al.,2006;Zheng et al.,2006;Jiao et al.,2009;Guo et al.,2014),受后期新元古代黄陵花岗杂岩体侵入影响,大体以雾渡河大断裂为界分隔为南、北部两部分(也称为南、北崆岭群),是扬子克拉通前南华纪基底最具代表性的岩石记录,一直受国内外地质学界的高度关注,但对其大地  相似文献   

9.
塔西南地区南天山山前和昆仑山山前广泛出露的古近系卡拉塔尔组为新一轮海进的标志.较干早炎热气候背景下的碳酸盐岩沉积与古河流携带陆源碎屑的注入共同作用的结果形成了包括介壳灰岩、生屑灰岩、鲕粒灰岩等碳酸盐岩,钙质-粉砂质泥岩、钙质砂岩和石膏岩在内各种岩石类型,并在不同沉积环境形成了不同的岩石组合,构建了从陆相冲积扇到海相浅海...  相似文献   

10.
<正>冈底斯岩基是拉萨地体的重要组成部分,广泛发育早古生代至新生代岩浆岩(Chung et al.,2003;Hou et al.,2004;Mo et al.,2007;Wen et al.,2008;Zhu et al.,2011,2012)。在冈底斯岩基漫长而复杂的演化过程中伴随着大量的岩浆活动,其中200~150Ma、140~80 Ma、65~41Ma以及35-14Ma被认为是  相似文献   

11.
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10 μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提出了具体测定要求。  相似文献   

12.
湖北宜昌王家湾五峰组顶部Chondrites的发现及其环境意义   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
:本文报道了湖北宜昌王家湾剖面五峰组笔石页岩段观音桥层发现的遗迹化石Chondrites的分布及其生态特点.结合生物相和同期上扬子海盆相对海平面的变化,分析了盆地水体底域在缺氧-富氧转折时期的古氧相变化特征:指出五峰组笔石页岩段上部地层沉积底域为典型的缺氧环境,在其与上覆观音桥段之间的沉积转换面附近发生了从无氧到有氧的转变,观音桥段中Hirnantia动物群繁盛于富氧的海底环境.  相似文献   

13.
《地质学报》1941,21(1)
It is the purpose of this paper to state briefly the alteration of chalcociteand its products.The specimens were collected by W.Y.Chang' fromTamoshan~2,about 675 m above sea-level.The exact locality of occurrence ison the west slope of the Yao Mountain~(?),12 km SE of Chichenchieh~4,15 kmNE of Tungmu~(?),and 48 km SW of the Siujen~(?) City.  相似文献   

14.
Brick-tea-type fluorosis is a peculiar endemic disease in China, which had been discovered in minority areas of western China since 1980, and distributed mainly in Tibet, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and parts of Sichuan Province. The prevalence rate of fluorosis in Tibetan and Mongolian nationality people was higher. Epidemiological investigation showed that fluorosis morbidity and degrees were different in different brick-tea drinking areas, and it was probably caused by drinking various kinds of brick tea from different regions. Therefore, we collected 33 samples of brick tea from six provinces where minority nationalities were accustomed to drinking a large quantity of brick tea. F concentrations were determined by the combustion hydrolysis-ion selective electrode method. The results showed that among the brick teas, the F concentrations ranged from the minimum 74.1 mg/kg in Yunnan Province to the maximum 991.2 mg/kg in Sichuan Province. Besides, there was a great difference among the various kinds of brick tea, and F concentrations decreased in the order of Kang brick tea, Green brick tea, Black brick tea, Mi brick tea, Fu brick tea, Chitsu ping tea, Puerh tea, and Tuo tea. The average F concentration in brick teas was 431.92 mg/kg.  相似文献   

15.
16.
水淹坝岩溶内涝是安顺市西秀区发育最大范围的岩溶内涝,严重制约了当地经济发展。本文以岩溶地下水系统为单元,通过开展1:10000水文地质调查、地球物理勘探、水文地质钻探等手段,查明内涝所在区的岩溶发育特征、水文地质条件。在此基础上分析得出,水力坡度小、岩层倾角缓造成地下河管道淤塞;人类工程活动使有水落水洞口堵塞,加之广阔的集雨面积和连续的强降雨是造成水淹坝岩溶内涝的主要原因。通过对水淹坝内涝成因分析,为岩溶内涝灾害综合整治提供参考依据。  相似文献   

17.
等离子体质谱法测定岩石中的锆、铪、铌、钽   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
本文建立了用HF、HNO3 在高压釜内溶解样品 ,准确测定花岗岩样品中Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf的ICP MS分析方法。分析结果与推荐值的偏差在 5 %以内。该方法具有简单、准确、测定元素多的特点。本文还对高压釜酸溶和碱熔方法进行了对比实验。  相似文献   

18.
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

19.
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

20.
Sequential digestions of Fe-Mn oxide coated boulders collected upstream and downstream from the Magruder mine, Lincoln Co., Georgia, indicate probable partitioning relationships for Zn, Cu, Pb, Co, and Ni with respect to Mn and Fe. Initial digestion with 0.1M hydroxylamine hydrochloride (Hxl) in 0.01M HNO3 selectively dissolyes Mn oxides, whereas subsequent digestion with 1:4 HCl dissolves remaining Fe oxides.The results indicate that partitioning is not constant, but varies systematically with respect to the location of metal-rich waters derived from sulfide mineralization. Upstream from the mineralized zone Zn and Ni are distinctly partitioned to the Fe oxide component and Co and Cu are partitioned to the Mn oxide component. Immediately downstream from the mineralized zone, Mn oxides become relatively more enriched in Zn, whereas Fe oxides are relatively more enriched in Cu, Co, and Ni. Analytical precision for Pb is poor, but available data suggests it is more closely associated with Fe oxides.For routine geochemical surveys utilizing coated surfaces, a one-step digestion method is probably adequate. Parameters useful for detecting sulfide mineralization are metal concentrations normalized to surface area or various ratios (e.g. Zn/(Mn + Fe), Cu/Mn, Pb/Fe). Ratios can be obtained much faster, and at lower analytical costs than conventional analysis of stream sediment.  相似文献   

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