Ludlow (Silurian) stromatoporoid biostromes from Gotland, Sweden: facies, depositional models and modern analogues

Stacked stromatoporoid‐dominated biostromes of the Ludlow‐age Hemse Group (Silurian) in eastern Gotland, Sweden, are 0·5–5 m thick and a few tens of metres to >1 km in lateral extent. They form one of the world's richest Palaeozoic stromatoporoid deposits. This study compiles published and new data to provide an overall facies model for these biostromes, which is assessed in relation to possible modern analogues. Some biostromes have predominantly in‐place fossils and are regarded as reefs, but lack rigid frameworks because of abundant low‐profile non‐framebuilding stromatoporoids; other biostromes consist of stromatoporoid‐rich rudstones interpreted here as storm deposits. Variation between these two `end‐members' occurs both between interlayered biostromes and also vertically and laterally within individual biostromes. Such variation produces problems of applying established reef classification terms and demonstrates the need for the development of terminology that recognizes taphonomic destruction of reef fabrics. An approach to such terminology is found in all four categories of a recent biostrome classification scheme that are easily recognized in the Hemse biostrome facies: autobiostromes (>60% in place); autoparabiostromes (a mixture of in‐place and overturned reef‐building organisms, 20–60% in place); parabiostromes (builders are overturned and damaged, <20% in place); and allobiostromes (transported and detrital reef material, nothing in place). These categories provide a broad taphofacies scheme for the Hemse biostromes, which are mostly autoparabiostrome to allobiostrome. The biostromes developed on crinoidal grainstone sheets and expanded laterally across relatively flat substrates in a marine setting of low siliciclastic input. Planar erosion surfaces commonly terminate biostrome tops. Three broadly similar modern analogues are identified, each of which has elements in common with the Hemse biostromes, but none of which is an exact equivalent: (a) laterally expanded and coalesced back‐barrier patch reefs behind the Belize barrier, an area influenced by limited accommodation space; (b) a hurricane‐influenced shelf, interpreted for Grand Cayman, where reef cores consist of rubble and lack substantial framework; the wide distribution of rounded pebbles and cobbles of stromatoporoids in the Hemse biostromes most probably resulted from hurricanes; (c) coral carpets in 5–15 m water depth of the northern Red Sea, where lateral expansion of low‐diversity frames dominated by Porites coral has produced low‐profile biostromes up to 8 m thick and several km long. Such carpets accumulated large amounts of carbonate, with little export, as in the Hemse biostromes, although the latter did not build frameworks because of the nature of growth of the stromatoporoids. The notable lack of algae in the Hemse biostrome facies is also a feature of Red Sea coral carpets; nevertheless, coral carpets are ecologically different. Hemse biostromes lack evidence of a barrier reef system, although this may not be exposed; the facies assemblage is consistent with either a storm/hurricane‐influenced mid‐ to upper ramp or back‐barrier system.     

Sequence Stratigraphy and Rudist Facies Development of the Upper Barremian‐Lower Cenomanian Platform,Northern Sinai,Egypt

The Lower Cretaceous sections in northern Sinai are composed of the Risan Aneiza (upper Barremian-middle Albian) and the Halal (middle Albian-lower Cenomanian) formations. The facies reflect subtle paleobathymetry from inner to outer ramp facies. The inner ramp facies are peritidal, protected to open marine lagoons, shoals and rudist biostrome facies. The inner ramp facies grade northward into outer ramp deposits. The upper Barremian-lower Cenomanian succession is subdivided into nine depositional sequences correlated with those recognized in the neighbouring Tethyan areas. These sequences are subdivided into 19 medium-scale sequences based on the facies evolution, the recorded hardgrounds and flooding surfaces, interpreted as the result of eustatic sea level changes and local tectonic activities of the early Syrian Arc rifting stage. Each sequence contains a lower retrogradational parasequence set that constituted the transgressive systems tracts and an upper progradational parasequence set that formed the highstand systems tracts. Nine rudist levels are recorded in the upper Barremian through lower Cenomanian succession at Gabal Raghawi. At Gabal Yelleg two rudist levels are found in the Albian. The rudist levels are associated with the highstand systems tract deposits because of the suitability of the trophic conditions in the rudist-dominated ramp.     

南海西南部北康盆地新生代沉积演化史

北康盆地位于南沙地块的西南边缘，为南沙中部海域的新生代沉积盆地，具有良好的含油气潜力。近年广州海洋地质调查局在盆地六万多平方千米范围内完成了近2000km的地震测线，及相应的重力与磁力测量。本文在区域地质背景分析基础上，对盆地进行了地震地层对比和详细的地震相分析，划分了3个超层序、7个层序，对其中的5个层序进行了沉积相分析，并编制了沉积相平面图。晚始新世以前，北康盆地位于古南海西北缘，盆地西北部为陆相环境。东南部为滨－浅海环境。晚始新世－早渐新世早期，南沙地块从华南陆块裂离向南漂移，随古南海洋带的被动消减和新南海的扩张，盆地水体加深，除西北尚有陆相沉积外，主要为海相环境。早渐新世后，南沙地块与婆罗州地块拼贴，北康盆地逐渐处于浅海－半深海环境。与盆地沉积演化规律相对应，早第三纪发育的湖相和沼泽相泥岩及早中新世发育的浅海相泥岩为有利烃源岩， 同期的三角洲相砂岩、滨海相砂岩及晚中新世发育的浊积岩为主要储层，区域性盖层为晚各新世以来的 浅海－半深海相泥岩、砂质泥岩、局部性盖层有湖相泥岩、浅海相砂质泥岩、泥岩和灰质泥岩。     

Geochemical specifics of ongonites in the Ary-Bulak Massif, eastern Transbaikalia

A genetic model for magmatic rocks of the Ary-Bulak Massif is discussed based on a detailed geological map of the massif (prepared by the authors) and on original data of the authors on the petrography of the massif, its compositional zoning, trace-element geochemistry, physicochemical parameters of its crystallization, and melt inclusions in its minerals. The Ary-Bulak Massif was determined to be zonal, with the predominance (approximately 70% by area) of porphyritic topaz ongonites (central facies), which grade toward contacts into weakly porphyritic ongonites bearing topaz and, occasionally, fluorite (margin facies). Aphyric rocks with fluorite (inner-contact facies) occur as a stripe 50–80 m wide at the southwestern inner contact of the massif. Analysis of petrographic and geochemical data indicates that subvolcanic rocks of the Ary-Bulak Massif differ from typical elvanes (as they occur in the Cornwall province) but are similar to classic ongonites in the central and marginal facies of the massif. Rocks in the southwestern inner-contact zone are unusual high-F and high-Ca varieties, whose analogues have never been found in any rare-metal provinces with ongonites and which provide evidence of a complicated evolutionary history of the Ary-Bulak Massif. The geochemical evolution of this massif was determined to be characterized by the enrichment of the older inner-contact facies rocks in CaO, K₂O, F, and Rb, Cs, B, Ba, Sr, Sn, and Ta, whose concentrations decrease in the ongonites of the central facies. The central-facies ongonites thereby have much higher Na₂O and Li concentrations than those in the inner-contact facies rocks. It is demonstrated that the intense heating and melting of crustal material in this region at the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary could have been induced by subalkaline basaltic magma. The chemical composition of the rocks, which is unusual for typical ongonites in, for example, high Ca and Sr concentrations, could be caused by the possible assimilation by the magma of limestones, which occur in the territory at a certain depth in the Ust’-Borzya Formation that hosts the Ary-Bulak Massif. The genesis of most rocks in the massif was controlled by the magmatic differentiation of crustal granitic magma, with the residual melts forming Li-F granites enriched in several trace elements (Li, Rb, Cs, B, Ba, Sr, etc.) and ongonites as their subvolcanic analogues.     

An integrate analysis of an Hauterivian coral biostrome from the Agrio Formation,Neuquén Basin,west-central Argentina

A coral biostrome from the lower Hauterivian of the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina, was examined in detail. Taxonomic analysis established it as a monospecific assemblage of the scleractinian colonial coral Stereocaenia triboleti (Koby). Palaeoecological analysis of the species allows us to infer that it was an opportunistic species, capable of thriving in mixed carbonate-siliciclatic environments, on a soft substrate under a moderate to low sedimentation rate showing great regenerative capacity. Taphonomic analysis, together with lithofacies and microfacies analysis, allowed us to establish that the coral biostrome was deposited in a middle ramp setting under open marine and well-oxygenated conditions. Corals colonized a soft substrate during a transgressive phase and reaching its climax in the maximum flooding zone under lowest clastic input. They managed to form a low coral meadow of ramose forms of up to 30 cm in height. Coral remains were exposed on the interface after death and thus were subject to severe encrustation and bioerosion. The coral biostrome is interpreted as a mixed biogenic-sedimentologic skeletal concentration deposited by an interplay of an initial biogenic concentration through later episodes of physical reworking, probably storms, which yielded a largely parautochthonous fossil assemblage with minimum lateral transport. As sedimentation rate increased during a highstand interval, the coral-dominated community could not cope with it and was finally buried. The described coral biostrome recorded at the base of a shallowing-upwards cycle closely resembles coral biostromes described from the Hauterivian of Peru and Turkmenistan, and differs significantly from framework reef facies recorded in the Hauterivian of the Tethys region from the Paris Basin to Crimea.     

应用多尺度资料研究川西大邑构造上三叠统须家河组成岩储集相*

利用丰富的岩心、测井和地震资料,以薄片镜下观察、岩心物性分析、测井曲线交会、地震速度反演等作为手段,对大邑构造上三叠统须家河组储集层成岩储集相的类型、成岩储集相的地质与测井响应特征、以及优质成岩储集相的演化序列与平面分布开展了半定量—定量研究,以期深化低渗透砂岩储集层的地质理论和指导该地区气田的高效开发。结果表明,研究区砂岩可划分为4类成岩储集相,即强破裂杂基溶孔—微孔—裂缝成岩储集相、强压实微孔成岩储集相、强压实致密成岩储集相和强胶结致密成岩储集相。采用声波、密度、电阻率和自然伽马曲线交会的方法可有效识别各类成岩储集相。强破裂杂基溶孔—微孔—裂缝成岩储集相物性最好,为优质成岩储集相,其岩石类型以石英砂岩为主,经历了强烈的压实作用和破裂作用,孔隙度3％～8％,渗透率大于0.5×10^-3 μm²,主要发育在构造高部位的分流河道和水下分流河道砂体中,沉积因素和构造因素对其平面分布起到了重要控制作用。     

鲁西寒武系第三统张夏组凝块石特征及其形成环境研究

通过野外观察及显微镜下分析,对鲁西寒武系第三统张夏组的凝块石特征进行了详细研究。凝块石呈米级的生物丘和生物层状,其凝块大多为斑块状、树枝状和网状。形成凝块石的微生物主要是附枝菌,其次是葛万菌和放射状菌。通过沉积相分析及与之共生的岩相,初步确定了凝块石的形成环境--潮下低能带。     

Transitional blueschist–epidote amphibolite facies metamorphism in the Frankenberg massif, Germany, and geotectonic implications

Bimodal metavolcanic rocks, granitic gneisses and metasediments are associated in the Frankenberg massif, Germany. These rocks are faulted against underlying very low-grade Palaeozoic sequences and adjacent metamorphic complexes of the Variscan basement. The granitic gneisses record an Rb–Sr whole-rock isochron age of 461±20  Ma that is taken as at least a minimum protolith age. The bimodal meta-igneous suites are interpreted to have formed during rifting of the Gondwana continental margin in the Cambro-Ordovician. The various metamorphic units have all experienced a common P–T  history. The peak-pressure stage is constrained to around 490–520  °C and 10–14  kbar (10–12  kbar being most realistic). The metamorphism proceeded along a clockwise P–T path towards conditions of around 580–610  °C and 7–8.5  kbar at the thermal peak followed by a final low-pressure overprint which spanned amphibolite facies to prehnite–actinolite facies temperatures. Owing to a secondary Rb–Sr whole-rock isochron age of 381±24  Ma, interpreted to date the retrograde stage, the whole metamorphic cycle in the Frankenberg massif is ascribed to the late Silurian–early Devonian high-pressure event widely recorded in the European Variscides. The antiformal complexes bordering the Frankenberg massif underwent a well-documented early Carboniferous metamorphism, suggesting that the Frankenberg massif constitutes a klippe which was overthrust towards the end of this second metamorphic cycle.     

中国古亚洲域沉积盆地火山岩油气藏储层特征比较及其差异分析

在中国古亚洲域沉积盆地火山岩储层母岩年代和岩性、储集空间类型以及火山岩岩相综合分析的基础上,探讨了火山岩油气藏的储层特征及其差异性。研究表明,中国古亚洲域火山岩储层的母岩发育年代西早东晚,西部的准噶尔、三塘湖和吐哈盆地发育晚古生代海相、海陆交互相的中基性安山岩、玄武岩及火山碎屑岩;东部的松辽、二连和海拉尔盆地发育中生代陆相中酸性流纹岩、安山岩。火山岩原生储集空间包括气孔、孔洞以及冷凝收缩裂缝等;次生储集空间包括各种溶蚀孔及构造裂缝、风化裂缝等。火山岩岩相可分喷出相、火山通道相、次火山相和火山沉积相。其中中基性岩类多以溢流相开始,相序类型为溢流相、爆发相/火山沉积相;中酸性岩类多以爆发相或火山通道相发端,主要相序为爆发相、溢流相/侵出相。溢流相一般发育原生气孔、构造缝;爆发相多为粒间孔,而侵出相以角砾间孔和原生裂缝为主。火山岩储层的差异受多因素影响,包括岩性岩相、喷发环境以及后期构造、成岩作用等。前者奠定火山岩储层形成与分布的基础和储集空间的发育程度;后者则改造储层的储渗性能。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陕北地区长7砂岩储层成岩相特征研究

在大量样品测试数据与野外地质调查综合分析的基础上, 对长7储层岩石学特征、物性、孔隙结构、成岩作用、成岩阶段和成岩相等进行了研究。结果表明: 研究区长7储层处于中成岩A~B期。压实作用及碳酸盐、粘土(高岭石、伊利石、伊蒙混层)矿物胶结和硅质胶结作用是造成储层原生孔隙丧失的主要原因; 绿泥石胶结抑制孔隙充填, 长石溶蚀作用使孔隙间的连通性得到改善, 储层物性得到提高。根据成岩作用类型、强度及其对储层物性的影响划分出6种成岩相, 其中压实相、碳酸盐胶结相、粘土矿物胶结相、石英加大相、浊沸石充填相不利于储层的发育, 而长石溶蚀相、绿泥石膜胶结相对储层物性改善起了重要作用。     

鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组储层定量成岩相研究

应用铸体薄片、阴极发光、扫描电镜等资料,对陇东地区延长组储层成岩作用类型及定量强度进行了综合研究,用定量指标划分成岩相类型,建立了不同类型成岩相测井响应特征模板,并对成岩相纵向及平面分布进行了研究。压实、胶结、溶解3种主控成岩作用的强度计算与分级研究表明,研究区压实作用较强,主要为强压实、中压实,在粒度较细、杂基含量较高的砂岩中可达到极强压实;胶结作用强度差异较大,以弱胶结为主,局部地区发育强胶结;溶解作用强度较大,以中溶解、强溶解为主。成岩相类型可划分为中压实强溶解相、中压实中溶解相、中压实中胶结中溶解相、中压实强胶结相、强压实强溶解相、强压实中溶解相、强压实强胶结相、极强压实相8种成岩相类型。相对优质储集相(中压实中强溶解相和强压实强溶解相)在纵向上主要分布在长3油层组和长8油层组,平面上不同油层组相对优质储集相分布区存在差异,主要呈条带状和透镜状分布。     

Sokhatiny differentiated gabbro-monzodiorite intrusion from the example of sin-batholitic gabbroids of Yano-Kolymskaya system

The Sokhatnyi intrusion is an example of a later Mesozoic deferential massif referred to the gabbro-monzodiorite type in Northeastern Russia; according to geological data, it precedes high-alumina granitoids of the Yano-Kolymskaya folded system. It is shown that formation of the layered series of the massif is caused by the crystallized and gravitational fractioning of the high-alumina olivine basalt with increased potassium alkalinity in shallow water media. The boundary facies of the massif are represented by manzogabbroidnorites and monzodiorites. The U-Pb age determinations of zircon (SHRIMP-II) from the taxitite striped biothite gabbro in the lower boundary facies showed 148 ± 1 million years. Thus, taking into account the geological relations and geochronological data on the Sokhatinyi gabbro-monzodiorite, a differential intrusion was formed within the same age period as granite batholites of the Main belt.     

川东建南地区须家河组储层特征及其差异演化过程

川东建南地区须家河组储层非均质性极强,致密化程度极高,为了查明储层差异演化过程,剖析储层差异演化控制因素,运用岩石学和岩石地球化学的多种实验方法,在详细刻画储层岩石学特征的基础上,划分了储层成岩相类型,查明了不同类型砂岩的物性特征和孔隙结构特征,分析了储层的差异性演化过程.研究区砂岩可以划分为4种成岩相类型,即强压实相、溶蚀相、硅质胶结相和强钙质胶结相.溶蚀相砂岩物性最好,强压实相砂岩次之,硅质胶结相和钙质胶结相砂岩物性最差.碎屑组分的差异是造成储层非均质性强和差异性演化的重要原因.塑性岩屑含量的差异,导致早成岩时期压实减孔程度的不同;长石含量的差异,影响了砂岩中溶蚀强度和方解石胶结程度;石英含量的差异,控制了砂岩中硅质胶结作用的强弱;最终,使得储层演化有先有后,空间分布非均质.      

川西坳陷新场气田上三叠统须家河组须四、须二段储集层成岩-储集相及其成岩演化序列

通过对川西坳陷新场气田上三叠统须家河组须四、须二段储集层成岩作用类型及其特征研究,认为储集层主要经历了压实压溶作用、自生矿物胶结作用和溶解作用3种类型。储集层成岩-储集相可以划分成5种,即强溶解成岩-储集相、绿泥石衬边粒间孔成岩-储集相、压实压溶成岩-储集相、碳酸盐胶结成岩-储集相和石英次生加大成岩-储集相。不同的储集层成岩-储集相由于经历了不同的成岩演化序列,使得储集层中的残余原生粒间孔和次生溶孔的形成条件各不一样,储集层中孔隙的保存主要决定于孔隙被压实、自生矿物的充填、多期的溶解作用等因素,并与孔隙中发育的绿泥石衬边有紧密联系。在上述5种成岩-储集相中,有效的成岩-储集相只有两种,即强溶解成岩-储集相和绿泥石衬边粒间孔成岩-储集相,它们对须家河组须四、须二段优质储层的形成起着至关重要的作用,而其它几种成岩-储集相对优质储层的形成是无效的。     

Turonian Rudist Facies from Abu Roash area,North Western Desert,Egypt

Five radiolitid rudist species are described from the Turonian sequence of Abu Roash area. They are recognized in three rudist biostromes that occur in two informal members of Abu Roash Formation; the Rudist- and the Actaeonella-bearing limestone–marl members. The three biostromes show autochthonous and parautochthonous fabrics and moderate to high packing potential. The first rudist biostrome at the base of the Rudist-bearing limestone–marl member (Middle Turonian) contains Durania gaensis, Praeradiolites ponsianus and Bournonia fourtaui. The second biostrome in the same member consists of Bournonia roashensis. The third biostrome that recognized in the Actaeonella-bearing limestone–marl member (Late Turonian) consists of Durania arnaudi. Rudist biostromes in the Rudist-bearing limestone–marl member were deposited on subtidal rudist shoals with moderate to high energy versus that of the Actaeonella-bearing limestone–marl member that deposited in low to moderate energy on deeper part of subtidal rudist shoals. The exposed Turonian succession at Abu Roash area could be divided into three depositional sequences bounded by three sequence boundaries (paleosols and angular unconformity).The first rudist biostrome in the Rudist-bearing limestone–marl member represents the lower part of the transgressive systems tract of the first depositional sequence. The deepening upward trend of the transgressive systems tract is due to increase of accommodation space in transgressive context during relative sea-level rise episode. On the other hand, the second rudist biostrome in the Rudist-bearing limestone–marl member and the third rudist biostrome in the Actaeonella-bearing limestone–marl member are in shallowing-upward set sequence forming the highstand systems tract of the first and third depositional sequences. This indicates that, the accommodation space was being filled more rapidly than was being created during the highstand stage.     

内蒙古乌兰浩特古元古代变质岩系的发现及其地质意义

在乌兰浩特东白音乌苏一带新发现一套斜长角闪片岩、透辉透闪岩、斜长角闪片麻岩的岩石组合,岩石普遍经高绿片岩相-低角闪岩相变质,经受了后期多期构造改造。斜长角闪片岩经原岩恢复为基性火山岩,锆石晶形、阴极发光、背散射图像及高Th/U值等特征显示为岩浆锆石。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年技术,在变质岩系中获得了1864.1±7.3Ma的同位素年龄,时代归属为古元古代,该年龄为岩浆形成年龄。此年龄限定了该套变质岩系的形成时代,证明乌兰浩特地区可能存在前寒武纪结晶基底。与区域上松嫩地块南部新发现的古元古元代岩浆锆石年龄进行对比发现,松嫩地块西缘可延伸至乌兰浩特一带。     

伊拉克哈勒法耶油田Mishrif组滩相储层特征及其成因分析

伊拉克哈勒法耶油田Mishrif组滩相储层发育,是研究区内最主要的产油层位。利用岩心、薄片、测井资料对Mishrif组沉积相进行了研究,结果表明该组发育局限台地、开阔台地、台内洼地和台地边缘4种沉积相,滩相储层主要发育在开阔台地和台地边缘相带。并综合利用铸体薄片、物性实验数据及压汞曲线等资料对滩相储层特征和成因进行了分析。滩相储层岩石类型多样,发育生屑灰岩、生屑泥粒/粒泥灰岩、砂屑灰岩等多种岩石类型,岩石颗粒较粗。孔隙类型多样,主要以铸模孔、粒间孔、溶孔和体腔孔为主,其中以粒间孔和铸模孔发育最为广泛。各类滩相储层孔隙度较高,渗透率差异明显,平均渗透率为(2.35~139.17)×10~(-3)μm~2。整体孔隙结构较好,排驱压力较低,大喉道较为发育。滩相储层发育受沉积环境控制和成岩作用改造程度影响,有利的沉积条件是滩相储层原生孔隙发育的基础,同生期溶蚀作用的改造形成大量次生孔隙,从而提高了储层的储集性能。     

Geology of the Bozdag area, central Menderes massif, SW Turkey: Pan-African basement and Alpine deformation

The Menderes massif consists of a Precambrian Core Series that preserves evidence for a polymetamorphic history and a Paleozoic/Mesozoic Cover Series that experienced only the Alpine tectonometamorphic evolution. Structural, petrographic, and geochronologic investigations in the central Menderes massif demonstrate that (a) part of the metamorphic and structural evolution of the Precambrian basement is older than the undeformed 551±1.4-Ma-old Birgi metagranite, and (b) inferred Alpine fabrics overprinting the Cover Series largely have the same attitudes as the old structures in the much older Core Series. The inferred Alpine fabrics include both contractional and extensional structures. Contraction under greenschist to amphibolite facies conditions resulted in the imbrication of the Core and Cover Series and generated an inverted metamorphic sequence by north-directed thrusting. During Alpine extension, most of the south-dipping thrust faults were reactivated as extensional shear zones under decreasing greenschist facies conditions.     

准噶尔盆地玛北地区三叠系百口泉组储层成岩相特征

通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、扫描电镜分析、测井和录井资料分析,对准噶尔盆地玛北地区三叠系百口泉组的储层特征和成岩作用特征进行了研究,结果表明该区主要发育砂砾岩、不等粒砾岩、含砾砂岩、细砂岩等,储层成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较低;储层主要经历了压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用的改造,且泥质杂基含量对储层成岩作用及孔隙演化产生了较大的影响。在综合储层岩石学特征、成岩作用特征、泥质杂基含量对储层影响的基础上,建立了研究区成岩相划分方案,将砂砾岩储层划分为6个成岩相:高成熟强溶蚀相、高成熟中胶结中溶蚀相、高成熟强压实弱溶蚀相、高成熟强胶结相、低成熟强压实相、低成熟强胶结相;不同的成岩相反映了不同的沉积环境和成岩作用的关系,与储层的孔隙类型及物性条件存在着密切关系,具有不同的成岩序列特征、孔隙演化模式、剖面及平面展布特征,这种剖面和平面分布特征可为优质储层的预测提供借鉴。     

Impacts of Depositional Facies and Diagenesis on Reservoir Quality: A Case Study from the Rudist-bearing Sarvak Formation, Abadan Plain, SW Iran

An integrated geological-petrophysical analysis of the rudist-bearing sequence of the Cretaceous Sarvak Formation is given one giant oilfield, and provides an improved understanding of this main reservoir in the Abadan Plain, in the Zagros Basin, SW Iran. The main objective of this study is to evaluate reservoir potential of the Sarvak Formation, and then to utilize the calibrated well log signature to correlate reservoir potential in un-cored wells. Eight main facies are recognized and categori...