氧化钛交联累托石的制备与特性研究

累托石是由类云母层和类蒙脱石层组成的1:1规则间层矿物,它兼有云母和蒙脱石的某些特性。本文利用四氯化钛在稀盐酸介质中分步水解生成的金属钛聚合阳离子与累托石进行阳离子交换反应制备氧化钛交联累托石。并借助于多种矿物分析方法对TiO_2-CLR的特性进行了研究。交联累托石d_(001)为37.9,其交联结构经800℃灼烧3 h仍未破坏。试验证明,TiO_2-CLR具有层间距和比表面积大、热稳定性比同类交联蒙皂石好的特点。它是作石油裂化催化剂和吸附剂的有前景的新材料。     

吉林省靖宇县中生代煤系中累托石(Rectorite)的发现

在分析测试靖宇中生代煤系泥质粘土样品时,发现一种规则的伊利石/蒙脱石间层矿物。经实验研究测得定向样品平均层厚 d001=26.0×10~(-10)m 乙二醇饱和平均厚度为28.6×10~(-10)m。DTA 和 TG 分析表明,都与标准的累托石相符合,因此定名为累托石。1980年国际新矿物和矿物命名委员会明确规定累托石为二八面体钠云母和蒙脱石1:1规则间层矿物。1981年出版的《矿物百科大全》认为累托石是由带少电荷具膨胀性的类贝得石层与带多电荷非膨胀性类云     

大方猫场累托石粘土矿矿物学及物化性能测试研究

贵州大方猫场黄铁矿累托石粘土矿产于上二叠统龙潭组(P_2l)煤系地层底部,下二叠统茅口组(P_1m)灰岩侵蚀面上,矿层与地层产状一致,属沉积型。矿层平均厚度为2m左右,累托石粘土矿平均含量为54.83％,黄铁矿平均含量为26.73％。累托石粘土矿物经X衍射、红外光谱、差热、扫描电镜及化学分析等测试研究,揭示了该矿物属含水的硅铝酸盐,为二八面体型白云母(含伊利石)层与钙质蒙脱石层的不规则间层矿物,结晶度差,一般呈隐晶质或胶体状。累托石粘土矿物具有特殊的物化性能。本区累托石经部分物化性能测试,其吸兰量均为48.39mmol/100g、pH值均为4.33、胶质价为63.08ml/15g,造浆率低于10m~3/t,阳离子交换量32.13mmol/100g、耐火度为1650℃。     

累托石止泻机理非生物学实验研究

目前累托石止泻研究未见报道,实验研究累托石止泻相关作用机理。在进行微观结构分析、扫描电镜成像基础上,调制常规用药浓度6%的浆液,模拟胃肠道酸性条件下进行酸缓冲容量、胶体率、析水成膜等体外实验。累托石由类云母层与类蒙脱石层组成的1:1规则间层矿物,具有薄片状特殊结构,其间层矿物已大量用于药物应用,其作为止泻药物具有合理性;累托石酸缓冲容量明显低于蒙脱石,对胃肠道酸性环境影响小,功效温和;酸性条件下,累托石浆液胶体率明显高于蒙脱石,覆盖胃肠道表面发挥成膜保护作用有效成分更稳定,为减少单次用药量提供可能性;酸性条件下,累托石浆液析水量低于蒙脱石,成膜隔离效果更优。通过临床前非生物学实验研究,发现累托石用于止泻药物开发具有潜在价值。     

大方累托石X射线粉晶衍射研究

本文对产自我省大方一带二叠系上统龙谭组粘土岩中的累托石矿物,在R.H=53％±2、T=21℃±2的环境下,进行了详细的X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)研究.大量的实验结果表明,大方一带产出的累托石矿物,为二八面体型的白云母(含伊利石)类矿物与钙蒙脱石1:1的规则间层矿物.其晶体结构内部小晶畴,沿C轴向存在着不规则的伊一蒙间层结构.     

湖北钟祥累托石粘土造浆机理及影响造浆率因素研究

本文从累托石的晶体化学特征出发,依据双电层理论和累托石的动电性质[ζ电位--48mV(pH=8)],阐明累托石与水作用,形成稳定的凝胶结构原理,论证累托石是一种优质钻井泥浆原料,它的凝胶性能优于膨润土。通过造浆试验、化学分析、 X射线衍射分析及电镜观察,查明影响本区累托石矿石造浆率的主要因素是;累托石含量、结晶度、粒度、形态、伴生矿物及pH值。     

贵州大方累托石粘土矿物化性能特征

大方累托石粘土矿,产自贵州大方地区上二叠统龙潭组底部。本文研究的样品,采自猫场一带,该矿区累托石平均含量55.0%±,矿层厚度大且稳定,矿石类型单一,具有很高的开发利用价值。 1.大方累托石矿物的矿物学特征:与国内及美国、法国产出的累托石矿物相比,该地区累托石矿物以铝偏低而钛、钾含量偏高为特征,其中,SiO_2 43％±,Al_2O_3 30％±,K_2O     

钛基柱撑累托石矿物材料的研究

在氮气环境中用TiCI4和HCI制成钛基柱撑液，采用离子交换法，用[Ti20O32(OH)12(OH2)18]^4 Dawson型Ti多核阳离子，交换累托石蒙皂石质晶层中的Na等阳离子，制成钛基柱撑累托石。通过电子探针定量分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析及魔角旋转核磁共振等方法，对钛基柱撑累托石的成分、结构和热稳定性进行了表征。钛基柱撑累托石具1．6nm的层孔隙，是一种很有应用前途的柱撑粘土矿物材料，有望在催化剂载体及环保材料领域中得到广泛的使用。     

湖北钟祥二叠系泥岩中的累托石

本文的累托石,经化学分析、X射线衍射、红外、热分析及电镜分析,证明它是由云母层和蒙脱石层组成。云母层中主要为钠云母;可膨胀层有贝得石成分,可交换性阳离子以Ca~(2+)为主。高温X射线衍射和热处理样的红外谱波数,证明累托石的结构保持到900℃仍未破坏。     

广西巴吉地区全新世累托石粘土岩的发现及其矿物学研究

在中国广西巴吉地区第四纪全新世发现累托石粘土岩层。主要矿物组成为累托石、少量伊利石、叶蜡石和高岭石。X射线分析显示，天然走向片累托石的d（001）=2．3994±0.011nm，经乙二醇处理后，d（001）=2．661±0．005nm，根据MacEwan的直接傅立叶变换法，计算了乙二醇处理后的累托石基面反射的傅立叶变换，并得出两种成分层的概率是PI：PM=0．499：0．501和VC=0．03，表明这是规则性极好的间层矿物。其主要化学组成是SiO2、Al2O3和H2O，微量元素Zr、Pb、Y、Sn含量高于地壳中克拉克值。还利用红外、差热和透射电镜、扫描电镜以及高分辨电镜研究了其矿物学特征。巴吉累托石粘土岩主要是由原生累托石粘土岩层经过侵蚀和搬运再沉积形成的。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861