陕西洛南寺耳金矿成矿规律与成矿预测

陕西寺耳金矿成矿地质背景在小秦岭地区具有代表性,为了揭示其成矿规律和深部成矿潜力,为本区及小秦岭其它地区找矿提供借鉴,文章在分析寺耳金矿成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征的基础上,研究其成矿特点,发现矿区内矿化带、矿脉（体）多呈等距性分布,硅化、黄铁矿化、钾化与金矿化关系密切,烟灰色石英、钾长石和黄铁矿组合对金矿化具有明显的指...     

胶东金矿中浸染状钾长石的发现及其意义

对首次在胶东傅家金矿、灵山沟金矿发现的金矿化热液期浸染状钾长石的赋存状态、化学成分进行了分析研究，同时讨论了钾长石化及浸染状钾长石与金矿化的关系。     

北山拾金坡—金场沟金成矿带岩浆热液型金矿区域成矿模式的建立

拾金坡—金场沟金成矿带是北山地区最重要的金成矿带之一,成矿带内已发现金矿化线索38处,中小型金矿床9处,均与中酸性岩浆岩有关,主要成矿类型有岩浆热液型和矽卡岩型,其中岩浆热液型金矿是成矿带最主要的成矿类型。优选拾金坡金矿床和金场沟金矿床作为拾金坡式金矿的典型矿床,通过分析矿床的成矿地质环境、矿体特征、矿床成因和成矿模式等,建立了成矿带区域成矿模式。成矿模式的建立,将有助于促进对矿床成矿规律的认识,明确该成矿带金矿找矿方向。     

东坪金矿主要地质特征及控矿条件

东坪金矿产于水泉沟偏碱性杂岩体与太古宇桑干群变质岩之内接触带,矿石工业类型为石英脉和蚀变岩型,以前者为主.矿脉带走向为NNE,主要载金矿物为石英、黄铁矿、镜铁矿、黄铜矿和碲金矿,金成色937~990,矿化蚀变主要是钾长石化和硅化;肉红色钾长石化是东坪金矿乃至赋存于水泉沟杂岩体中所有金矿的典型特征.矿化共分5个阶段,其中第2、3两个阶段,即镜铁矿-自然金-石英阶段和多金属硫化物-自然金-石英阶段为主要成矿阶段.水泉沟杂岩体在东坪金矿成矿过程中,不仅提供了热动力,而且提供了成矿物质和矿化剂;太古宙桑干群涧沟河组提供了部分成矿物质,近E-W向尚义-崇礼-赤诚深大断裂控制了水泉沟金矿田的产出,而NNE和NW向两组裂隙则控制了东坪金矿矿体的产出.     

金矿床中长石天然热发光强度的标型意义

对河北及山东4个金矿床中的交代成因钾长石与钠长石进行了天然热发光的研究,它们包括两种类型:一种为蚀变岩型(胶东夏甸金矿,河北高家店金矿);另一种为石英脉型(胶东金翅岭金矿,河北金厂峪金矿)。经研究发现,当接近矿化地段时,钾长石与钠长石天然热发光峰值增高,尤其是在富矿地段突然升高;在破碎带或受动力影响的长石,热发光峰值突然降低。因此长石天然热发光可用以指示交代作用,矿化作用与成矿后动力作用的空间位置,因而可以作为成因与找矿标志。     

金矿床中长石天然热发光强度的标型意义

对河北及山东4个金矿床中的交代成因钾长石与钠长石进行了天然热发光的研究,它们包括两种类型:一种为蚀变岩型（胶东夏甸金矿,河北高家店金矿）;另一种为石英脉型（胶东金翅岭金矿,河北金厂峪金矿）。经研究发现,当接近矿化地段时,钾长石与钠长石天然热发光峰值增高,尤其是在富矿地段突然升高;在破碎带或受动力影响的长石,热发光峰值突然降低。因此长石天然热发光可用以指示交代作用,矿化作用与成矿后动力作用的空间位置,因而可以作为成因与找矿标志。     

沉积（火山）岩中铅锌矿化与金矿化的关系——兼论我国铅锌矿化集中区的金矿勘查

近年来,我国在铅锌矿区或外围发现了越来越多不同类型的金矿床,铅锌矿化与金矿化之间的相互关系及其勘查指示意义已引起了广泛的关注。沉积（火山）岩中的铅锌矿化基本可分三种类型,不同类型的铅锌矿化有不同的成矿环境,而金的成矿地质事件是在特定地区与特定的热—构造事件相互耦合的。研究发现,只有在经历了后期强烈的热—构造事件的Sedex型或VMS型铅锌矿区才具备形成金矿化的条件,是金矿勘查的有利地区;MVT型和后期缺乏热—构造事件的Sedex型或VMS型铅锌矿区不具备形成金矿化的条件,是金矿勘查的不利地区。     

南秦岭冷水沟铜钼金矿床年代学及其地质意义

冷水沟铜钼金矿床位于南秦岭山阳—柞水矿集区内,是南秦岭晚中生代斑岩-矽卡岩型铜(钼)矿床的代表性矿床之一。冷水沟矿区内除斑岩-矽卡岩型铜钼矿体外,还发育构造蚀变岩型金矿体,但对于铜钼矿化与金矿化之间是否存在成因联系一直存在疑惑。本次通过对斑岩-矽卡岩型铜钼矿体中辉钼矿与构造蚀变岩型金矿体中蚀变钾长石和绢云母分别进行Re-Os和⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar定年,以期能够通过成矿年代学研究来厘定两者之间的成因联系。测试结果显示,斑岩-矽卡岩型铜钼矿体的辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(147.4±8.4)Ma,构造蚀变岩型金矿体中蚀变钾长石和绢云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄约为144 Ma,两者在误差范围内一致,说明铜钼矿体和金矿体均形成于晚侏罗世—早白垩世,是同一成矿作用的产物,并与区域内晚侏罗世—早白垩世岩浆岩具有密切的成因联系。结合区域构造演化特征,本次研究结果显示冷水沟铜钼金矿床形成于晚中生代秦岭造山带构造体制转变的动力学背景。同时,冷水沟地区金矿成矿时代的限定也表明南秦岭地区存在晚侏罗世—早白垩世金矿成矿作用。     

阳山金矿带金的赋存状态及其对成矿过程的指示意义

阳山金矿带是西秦岭金矿带已探明金储量最大的独立金矿区,其矿化样式主要为微细浸染状矿化,其次为石英脉型矿化,可见金与“不可见金”均有发育,该金矿带是研究造山型金矿金赋存状态的理想地区,其研究成果对理解金成矿作用和过程以及指导选矿工艺具有重要意义。论文在翔实的野外地质调查和显微观察基础上,将成矿期划分为早阶段(黄铁矿石英)、主阶段(黄铁矿毒砂绢云母石英)和晚阶段(辉锑矿石英方解石),综合应用电子探针、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱、电感耦合等离子质谱仪、高分辨率透射电镜、X射线粉晶衍射等技术,剖析阳山金矿带不同成矿阶段金的赋存状态,进而探讨其对成矿过程的指示意义。研究表明：成矿早、主阶段以微细浸染状硫化物矿化为主,金主要以晶格金的形式赋存于黄铁矿和毒砂中;而成矿晚阶段以脉状矿化为主,金主要以自然金的形式存在。金的赋存状态的变化,指示从成矿早阶段到晚阶段,成矿温度、压力逐渐降低,成矿流体成分由富As流体演化为相对贫As且富Sb的流体。     

西藏弄如日金矿床蚀变绢云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

西藏弄如日金矿是冈底斯成矿带发现的第一个浅成低温热液型金矿床。为确定金矿床的成矿时代,对该矿床与金矿化有关的蚀变花岗斑岩中绢云母进行了40Ar-39Ar年龄测试,获得绢云母的加权平均年龄和等时线年龄分别为19.87±0.96Ma和19.70±0.30Ma。结果表明,弄如日金矿床金矿化的主要成矿时代为中新世。该成果的获得对于进一步认识弄如日金矿成因机制、地球动力学背景以及区域找金突破具有重要意义。     

Anomalously silver-rich vein-hosted mineralisation in disseminated-style gold deposits,Jiaodong gold district,China

Structural measurements and geochemical analyses, including bulk and in situ pyrite geochemistry, sulfur isotopes, and whole-rock geochemistry, are presented for the No. 3 orebody of the Jiaojia gold deposit (JJ3), located in the Jiaodong district of northeast China. The JJ3 orebody is distinct from the main orebody of the Jiaojia deposit (JJ1) because it is characterised by steeply dipping sub-metric quartz-pyrite veins with up to 300 ppm of gold, whereas the JJ1 orebody represents an archetypal example of the disseminated and veinlet style mineralisation characteristic of regional faults in the Jiaodong district. Measurements on JJ3 veins and the host Jiaojia-Xincheng regional fault are consistent with development of mineralised, steeply dipping extension fractures during normal faulting, which produced the fault-hosted disseminated-style JJ1 orebody. Trace element geochemistry of pyrite in these veins shows that JJ3 pyrite is geochemically distinct from those of the main Jiaojia and Xincheng orebodies, being relatively enriched in Ag and Pb, as well as Ba, Bi, Te and Au, and relatively depleted in Cu and As. Enrichment in Ag and Pb is possibly related to infiltration of a saline hydrothermal fluid, as both are effectively transported as chloride complexes; however, depletion of Cu, which is also mobile as chloride complexes, requires a low temperature saline fluid where Cu is no longer soluble. The textural setting of the ore minerals suggests that these cooler fluids likely infiltrated during the waning stages of the hydrothermal system. The relative abundance of barite in the JJ3 orebody, which formed from late-stage oxidised magmatic–hydrothermal fluids, also supports the interpretation that the JJ3 orebody represents a late mineralisation event. The pervasive alteration surrounding the JJ3 orebody is K-feldspathic with a minor sericitic overprint, indicating an earlier higher temperature pervasive fluid flow event that was followed by low-temperature mineralising fluids. This interpretation implies that fracture dilation post-dated the earliest alteration, and that mineralisation and pervasive alteration in the JJ3 orebody are geochemically disconnected. Thus structural analysis is expected to be the most effective targeting method in future exploration for similar ore bodies.     

Remobilization of gold from a chalcopyrite-pyrite mineralization Hamash gold mine,Southeastern Desert,Egypt

Pyrite, chalcopyrite, and gold occur in quartz veins in granitic rocks and as scattered and disseminated impregnations in shear zones of the highly altered metavolcanics in the Hamash area, Southeastern Desert, Egypt. The minerals are associated in part with pyrrhotite, digenite, tetrahedrite, chalcocite, bornite, and covellite. Pyrite occurs in two forms: (1) idio- to hypidiomorphic coarse crystals with inclusions of preexisting sulfides, and (2) fine-crystalline aggregates. Chalcopyrite occurs in three forms: (1) idiomorphic coarse crystals, (2) fine-crystalline microinclusions, and (3) xenomorphic relicts. Three genetic phases of sulfide mineralization were identified. They are related to the successive cooling of the crystallizing solutions. Gold was hosted in the older sulfide minerals during a high-temperature disorder phase. Native gold was formed during the latest, decreasing-temperature phase through remobilization of auriferous pyrite. Microprobe analysis confirmed that gold and copper are relatively enriched in the late pyrite. Identified surface-alteration products include goethite, limonite, gold, carbonates, and sulfates of iron and copper.     

江南造山带万古金矿床含金硫化物组构与金沉淀机制SCIEI北大核心CSCD

万古金矿床位于江南造山带中部,赋存于新元古界冷家溪群浅变质岩系中,受NNE-NE向长沙-平江断裂带和近EW向九岭-清水韧性剪切带联合控制,金资源量约85t。其主要矿石类型为毒砂-黄铁绢英岩型和石英-硫化物脉型,其次为构造角砾岩型。毒砂和黄铁矿为该矿床主要的载金矿物,分布广泛。金成矿作用可分为四个阶段,I为乳白色石英-绢云母-白钨矿阶段;Ⅱ为烟灰色石英-绢云母-毒砂-黄铁矿-金阶段;Ⅲ为烟灰色石英-绢云母-黄铁矿-毒砂-多金属硫化物-金阶段;IV为乳白色石英-方解石阶段。其中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ为成矿主阶段。根据成矿主阶段毒砂电子探针分析结果,Ⅱ阶段毒砂中As的含量在42.19%~44.84%之间,均值为43.42%(n=56),Ⅲ阶段毒砂中As的含量在40.08%~43.36%之间,均值为42.08%(n=19)。通过毒砂温度计相图估算出Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段的形成温度和硫逸度分别为364±21℃、319±22℃和10^(-9.7)~10^(-7)、10^(-11.5)~10_(-8.6)。电子探针数据揭示的载金毒砂和黄铁矿中不可见金含量分别为0.01%~0.66%和0.01%~0.11%。黄铁矿Au-As元素投点分布于金溶解度曲线两侧,说明其内金主要以纳米级颗粒和固溶体金或晶格金的形式赋存;其中Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿纳米级金颗粒占比为73.33%,多于Ⅲ阶段黄铁矿(67.80%)。以上数据说明在水岩反应过程中,围岩中的含铁矿物与成矿流体中的H;S发生反应,生成毒砂和黄铁矿。伴随着强烈的水岩反应,成矿温度和硫逸度降低,成矿Ⅱ阶段至Ⅲ阶段主要载金硫化物由毒砂转变为黄铁矿,强烈的硫化作用导致金-硫络合物失稳并释放金,金以置换的方式进入硫化物晶格或以显微-超显微金颗粒的形式沉淀,形成含金硫化物;即硫化作用是导致万古矿床不可见金沉淀的主导机制。     

Transport and Concentration of Gold in Metamorphic—hosted Reworked Gold Deposits,China

Calculations based on the available thermodynamic data of AuCl ₂ ⁻ and Au (HS) ₂ ⁻ indicate that AuCl ₂ ⁻ is responsible for the transport and enrichment of gold during the stage of pre-concentration in the source bed while Au (HS) ₂ ⁻ is the main gold species involved in the formation of gold deposits in response to hydrothermal reworking. Acid chloride solutions witha _Cl ⁻ > 10° and sulfur-rich solutions with a_Σs in excess of 10⁻² are held as important criteria for gold enrichment in the source bed and for the formation of gold deposits by subsequent hydrothermal event, respectively.     

Magma mixing and gold mineralization in the Maevatanana gold deposit,Madagascar

The Maevatanana gold deposit in Madagascar is hosted by Archean metamorphic rocks in quartz–sulfide veins that are structurally controlled by NNW–SSE trending shear zones. Fluid inclusion data show that the trapping conditions in quartz range from 0.87 to 2.58 kbar at temperatures of 269–362 °C. Laser Raman spectroscopy confirms that these inclusions consist of CO₂, SO₂, and H₂O. The δ³⁴S values of the pyrites range from 1.7‰ to 3.6‰, with an average of 2.25‰, supporting a magmatic origin. Noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Ke, Xe) are chemically inert, thus will not be involved in chemical reactions during geological processes. Also due to the low concentration of He in the atmosphere and the low solubility of He in aqueous fluids, the atmosphere-derived He is unlikely to significantly affect He abundances and isotopic ratios of crustal fluids, ensures that He production should have the typical crust ³He/⁴He ratios. The ³He/⁴He ratios of fluid inclusions in pyrite from the deposit range from 0.06 to 0.12 Ra, while the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar ratios range from 6631 to 11441. We infer that the ore-forming fluids could have been exsolved from a granitic magma. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of the ore-forming fluids (1.5‰ ≤ δ¹⁸O_H2O ≤ 7.8‰; –72‰ ≤ δD ≤ –117‰) indicate they were derived from a granitic magma. Four pyrite samples from the gold deposit yield a precise Re–Os isochron age of 534 ± 13 Ma. Given that the post-collisional granites in northern and central Madagascar were derived by melting of sub-continental lithospheric mantle and formed between 537 and 522 Ma, we can state that the gold metallogenesis was coeval with the crystallization age of these parental magmas. These data could be accounted for the formation of the Maevatanana gold deposit. First, the shear zones hosting the deposit formed around 2.5 Ga, when the Madagascan micro-continental blocks collided with other continental blocks, triggering large-scale tectono-magmatic activity and forming NNW–SSE trending shear zones. The gold mineralization at Maevatanana is coeval with the crystallization age of the Cambrian post-collisional A-type granitoid plutons in northern and central Madagascar, implying that this deposit is associated with extensional collapse of the East African Orogen. This extension in turn induced asthenospheric upwelling, melting of sub-continental lithospheric mantle. These magmas underplated the lower crust, generating voluminous granitic magmas by partial melting of the lower crust. The mixing magma during tectono-thermal reactivation of the East African Orogen produced large volumes of volatiles that extracted gold from the granitic magma and produced Au–S complexes (e.g., Au(HSO₃)²⁻). The shear zones, which were then placed under extensional collapse of the East African Orogen in the Cambrian, formed favorable pathways for the magmatic ore-forming fluids. These fluids then precipitated gold-sulfides that form the Maevatanana gold deposit.     

内蒙古虎拉林地区砂金与岩金的关系

虎拉林地区砂、岩金矿的空间位置关系十分密切。在虎拉林河上中下游及虎拉林岩金矿分别采取样品，结果表明虎拉林河砂金粒度大，分选较差，磨圆度差；砂金形态总体上以粒状为主；溶蚀系数均值小于1。微量元素含量特征表明砂金的主要物质来源是近源，与岩金矿关系密切且具有继承性。虎拉林岩金矿床的矿石中自然金颗粒粗大，矿体的上部遭到剥蚀，虎拉林河砂金主要来源于虎拉林岩金矿床，砂金可作为岩金的找矿标志。自然金化学-结晶温度图表明砂金的原生Au源为中低温热液矿床。     

胶东中生代金成矿系统

胶东是我国最重要的金矿集区,其内已发现金矿床150余处,探明金资源储量4000余吨。虽然其金矿床数量众多、资源储量巨大、分布地域广泛、产出空间各异、矿化类型多样,但它们的成矿地球动力学背景、赋矿围岩环境与产出条件及其成矿作用特征总体一致:(1)胶东是一个主要由前寒武纪基底岩石和超高压变质岩块组成、中生代构造-岩浆作用发育的内生热液金矿集区,约130~110Ma的金成矿事件比区域变质作用晚约2000Myr;(2)区域金成矿系统形成于早白垩世的陆缘伸展构造背景,大规模金成矿事件发生在区域NW向伸展转换为NE向伸展后的NEE向挤压变形作用过程中,对应于中国东部岩石圈大规模减薄、华北克拉通破坏和大陆裂谷作用的高峰;(3)金矿床群聚于NNE向玲珑、鹊山和昆嵛山变质核杂岩周边,主要沿前寒武纪变质岩与中生代花岗岩体接触带形成的区域NE-NNE向拆离断层带分布;(4)控矿断裂带经历了早期的韧-脆性变形和晚期的脆性变形构造叠加,在三维空间上呈舒缓波状延展,控制了金矿体的侧伏和分段富集;(5)矿化样式以破碎带蚀变(砾)岩型、(硫化物-)石英脉型和复合脉带型为主,矿石普遍发育压碎、晶粒状和填隙结构,浸染状、细脉浸染状、网脉状、脉状、团块状和块状构造,反映其形成于韧-脆性→脆性变形环境;(6)矿石中金属矿物以黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方铅矿和闪锌矿为主,非金属矿物以石英、绢云母、钾长石、斜长石和方解石为主;金矿物以银金矿和自然金为主、含少量金银矿,主要以可见金的形式赋存于黄铁矿和石英裂隙中、含少量晶隙金和包体金;热液蚀变主要为黄铁矿化、硅化、钾长石化、绢云母化和碳酸盐化;成矿元素为Au-Ag(-Cu-Pb-Zn);呈现出中-低温蚀变矿化组合特征;(7)成矿流体为壳-幔混合来源,以壳源变质流体为主;成矿物质总体来源于中生代活化再造的前寒武纪变质基底岩石,并混入了少量浅部地壳和地幔组分。这种区域成矿特征的一致性,表明胶东金矿集区早白垩世大规模金成矿作用受控于统一的地质事件,属于后生的中-低温热液脉金成矿系统。这些金矿床具有明显的时空群聚分布特征,主要沿三个变质核杂岩周边的岩相接触带产出,且自西向东,金成矿作用年龄由老变新。据此,可划分为胶北隆起蚀变岩-石英脉型、苏鲁超高压变质带硫化物-石英脉型和胶莱盆地北缘蚀变砾岩型三个金成矿子系统。其矿化样式由浸染-细脉、细脉-网脉型和石英脉型→硫化物-石英脉型→蚀变(角)砾岩型变化,矿石结构、构造以细脉浸染状构造为主→环带结构与梳状构造→角砾状构造为特色,反映其成矿作用分别发生于脆-韧性转换带(约15km)→脆性张剪性断裂带→脆性角砾岩带(约5km)环境;矿化、蚀变规模和强度逐渐减弱,成矿物质中浅部壳源组分逐渐增多,可能与其矿床定位空间越来越远离源区有关;成矿温度和压力依次降低、成矿流体中大气降水和/或盆地卤水贡献逐渐增大,与其成矿深度越来越浅、成矿构造环境越来越偏张性的变化趋势一致。这种成矿特征的区域规律性变化反映至少在拆离断层韧-脆性转换带附近→脆性角砾岩带之间的地壳剖面中、在不同的垂向深度上连续成矿。胶东中生代金成矿系统的上述特征明显区别于典型的"与侵入岩有关的金矿"和"造山型金矿",也不同于全球其它已知的金矿床类型,不能被已有成矿模式所涵盖。为合理解释胶东中生代金成矿系统独特的地质与成矿特征,我们提出新的"胶东型金矿"成矿模式,指出古太平洋Izanagi俯冲板片的回转作用可能是引起区域前寒武纪变质基底岩石中成矿物质大规模活化再造的主要驱动机制,成矿流体主体来源于俯冲板片变质脱水,金可能主要以Au(HS)2-络合物的形式在流体中沿拆离断层系输运,在韧-脆性转换带附近→脆性角砾岩带,由于构造空间急剧增大、成矿流体的温度和压力突然降低,CO2、H2S逸出和硫化作用导致Au(HS)2-等金络合物失稳分解,金大规模沉淀富集成矿。     

胶东玲珑金矿区碲化物形成条件及其对金富集过程的约束SCIEI北大核心CSCD

胶东地区探明金储量超过5000t,是我国最重要的金矿集区。玲珑金矿区位于胶东西北部招-平断裂北段,具有典型含金石英脉矿床的特征。矿区部分矿段产出富碲铋化物的明金矿石,是研究富碲铋化物金矿床成因和金超级富集机制的理想对象。通过显微岩相学观察、扫描电镜及电子探针分析,首次对胶东玲珑金矿区富碲铋化物明金矿石的矿物组合和形成机制进行了较为详细的研究。玲珑金矿区含明金矿石中的金矿物主要为含银自然金,成色整体较高,平均为894。共发现了五种与自然金共生的碲化物,分别是辉碲铋矿、碲铋矿、碲银矿、碲铋银矿和碲镍矿,其中辉碲铋矿含量最多。通过矿物共生组合研究及物理化学条件分析,确定成矿流体的碲逸度范围为-12.6相似文献   

甘肃礼县-岷县成矿带西段寨上金矿床中自然金的发现及成因意义

位于西秦岭礼(县)-岷(县)成矿带西段的寨上金矿床是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿。在研究甘肃寨上金矿床物质组分的过程中,采用显微镜观察、电子探针扫描、化学分析等综合分析技术发现了显微自然金颗粒。矿石中的自然金颗粒形态多样,粒度变化较大(5～150μm)。电子探针分析结果显示,自然金中Au=88.23%～92.73%,Ag=7.41%～9.08%,为含银自然金,成色905～926。金的载体矿物有砷黄铁矿、方铅矿、碲汞矿、铁白云石等。金的嵌布类型有粒间金、裂隙金和连生金3种。赋矿围岩中含Fe碳酸盐矿物溶解释放出Fe和溶解Fe的大量硫化物化,可能是寨上金矿床中存在显微可见自然金的最重要因素。     

The Physico—Chemical Conditions for Mobilization of Gold in Mobin Gold Deposit,Southwest Hunan,China

Experiments on water-rock interaction were carried out on wall-rock samples fromtheMobin gold deposit,Southwest Hunan,China ,with the aim of determining the optimum physical and chemical conditions for the mobilization of gold in solution.Results indicate that gold is most easily mobilized from the wall rock-tuffaceous slate of the Mobin Deposit.Mobi-lization is optimized if fluids are neutral to slightly alkaline and contain both chlorine and sul-phur ions at the concentration and composition of about[0.25M(NH4)2 1M NaCl].The amount of gold leached from the tuffaceous slate increases with temperature although the effect decreases above about 200℃.