Pre-Cenozoic geology of the Latrobe Valley Area—onshore Gippsland Basin,S.E. Australia

In 2010–2011, a well on the uplifted northern edge of the Latrobe Valley (Yallourn North-1A) cored a 550 m section of mostly arenaceous sediments from the Lower Cretaceous Tyers River Subgroup. A follow-up core-hole (Yallourn Power-1) aimed at extending the Tyers River Subgroup section some 5 km south into the Latrobe Valley instead encountered Paleozoic basement rocks immediately below Cenozoic coal measures. From a re-examination of earlier coal and groundwater bore results, and new interpretations from gravity, seismic and magneto-telluric (MT) surveys, there is a significant area of Paleozoic basement rock that may underlie the whole northern Latrobe Valley area. The uplifted Yallourn North Lower Cretaceous sediments are a separate basin entity herein named the Monash trough. It appears they are separate from the main Lower Cretaceous Strzelecki Group Basin sediments on the southern side of the Latrobe Valley. Attributes of the Monash trough may underlie the main Strzelecki Basin, but this remains to be substantiated by further drilling. The intervening subcrop of Paleozoic basement rocks is herein named the Glengarry basement block. It shows characteristic gravity, MT and seismic features covering some 200 km² of the northern Latrobe Valley area. The boundary between the Glengarry basement block and Strzelecki Basin approximates to the Princes Highway. It is uncertain whether structural separation of the Monash trough from the main Strzelecki Basin always existed, or whether uplift and stripping of Cretaceous rocks over the Glengarry basement block occurred in post-Cretaceous but pre-Cenozoic times. Comparative rank and maturity indices indicate a greater depth of burial of the Glengarry basement block than what exists today, whereas less stripping and loss of section have occurred to the Monash trough. Cretaceous sediments of the Tyers River Subgroup (Rintouls Creek Formation, Tyers Conglomerate) in the Monash trough are dominated by mudstones, siltstones with lesser quartzose sandstones, conglomerates and thin coals. The sediments are over 300 m thick and are conformably overlain by 100 m of volcaniclastic sediments typical of the main Strzelecki Group, in turn overlain by nearly 100 m of Cenozoic coal measures. New detailed spore–pollen dating of Yallourn North-1A cores indicates that all Cretaceous sediments in the Monash trough are Barremian in age. This revises the traditional Neocomian age assigned to the formation. High total organic carbon levels in the 100 m-thick mudstones of the Locmany Member in the Rintouls Creek Formation constitute a mature petroleum source rock worthy of future hydrocarbon exploration.     

渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷古近系东营组三段沉积特征

综合利用地震、测井、录井、岩心及分析化验资料,通过综合分析和系统沉积学编图,确定了黄河口凹陷古近系东营组三段（东三段）主要发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、湖泊和湖底扇。东三段下部辫状河三角洲发育于黄河口凹陷的西南部和南部,在渤南凸起的南北两侧均发育扇三角洲朵体,半深湖-深湖主要分布于西部深凹部位,在B-2断隆带南部的半深湖区发育湖底扇,绝大部分地带为滨浅湖沉积,以滨浅湖泥滩和混合滩沉积为主。东三段上部辫状河三角洲发育于黄河口凹陷的西南部、南部及D-4断隆带的南侧,仅在渤南凸起的北侧发育扇三角洲朵体,半深湖-深湖主要分布于西北次凹部位,绝大部分地带为滨浅湖沉积,以滨浅湖泥滩和混合滩沉积为主。E-1-1-F-4-1井一带继承性发育滨浅湖砂质滩坝沉积。滨浅湖砂质滩坝由含砾粗砂岩、含砾中砂岩、含砾细砂岩及中、细砂岩组成,骨架颗粒成分以石英为主,发育低角度交错层理,纹层由定向排列的砾石或暗色组分显示,纹层平直,以低角度相交。滨浅湖砂质滩坝微相区为东三段优质储集层发育区。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部侏罗系直罗组沉积特征与演化*

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部发现的多个砂岩型铀矿床均赋存于侏罗系直罗组下段砂岩中。前人对已知铀矿床分布区直罗组的沉积学研究程度相对较高,但对盆地北部直罗组大区域沉积体系展布与演变、物源供给特征等的研究仍较为薄弱。文中在大量钻井资料分析、野外剖面实测等基础上,将盆地北部砂岩型铀矿含矿层段直罗组下段细分为2个亚段。在直罗组中识别出河流和三角洲相沉积,认为直罗组下段下亚段主要发育砾质、砂质辫状河沉积,东北部地区发育辫状河三角洲沉积;直罗组下段上亚段主要发育砂质辫状河和曲流河沉积;直罗组上段则以曲流河沉积为主。结合前人研究工作,认为源岩物质组成、有利沉积相带和气候条件对鄂尔多斯盆地北部砂岩型铀矿的成矿均具有重要控制作用。对盆地北部直罗组沉积特征及其演化的整体认识,可为该区砂岩型铀矿床的进一步勘查提供重要的沉积学依据。     

柴达木盆地北缘结绿素-红山地区古新统至中新统沉积相

根据柴达木盆地北缘露头剖面、钻井剖面的地层学和岩石学研究所取得的各种定量及定性资料,采用冯增昭教授倡导的单因素分析多因素综合作图法,编制了柴达木盆地北缘结绿素—红山地区古新统—始新统、渐新统和中新统的各种单因素图和沉积相图。这是首次将定量的沉积相研究方法应用于柴达木盆地的古新统至中新统。结绿素—红山地区古新统至中新统发育2种沉积相类型,即冲积扇和辫状河。其中辫状河可划分为砾质辫状河和砂质辫状河。古新世—始新世发育冲积扇—辫状河—湖泊沉积体系,渐新世—中新世发育辫状河—湖泊沉积体系。从古新世到中新世,柴达木盆地北缘经历了由大规模冲积扇沉积到辫状河沉积的演化过程。     

Tectonic and climatic controls on sedimentation during deposition of the Sinakumbe group and Karoo supergroup,in the mid-Zambezi Valley Basin,southern Zambia

Sediments of the Ordovician to Devonian Sinakumbe Group (∼210 m thick) and overlying Upper Carboniferous to Lower Jurassic Karoo Supergroup (∼4.5 km thick) were deposited in the mid-Zambezi Rift Valley Basin, southern Zambia.The Sinakumbe-Karoo succession represents deposition in a extensional fault-controlled basin of half-graben type. The basin-fill succession incorporates two major fining-upward cycles that resulted from major tectonic events, one event beginning with Sinakumbe Group sedimentation, possibly as early as Ordovician times, and the other beginning with Upper Karoo Group sedimentation near the Permo-Triassic boundary. Minor tectonic pulses occurred during deposition of the two major cycles. In the initial fault-controlled half-graben, a basin slope and alluvial fan system (Sikalamba Conglomerate Formation), draining southeastward, was apparently succeeded, without an intervening transitional facies, by a braided river system (Zongwe Sandstone Formation) draining southwestward, parallel to the basin margin. Glaciation followed by deglaciation resulted in glaciofluvial and glacio-lacustrine deposits of the Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian Siankondobo Sandstone Formation of the Lower Karoo Group, and isostatic rebound eventually produced a broad flood plain on which the coal-bearing Lower Permian Gwembe Coal Formation was deposited. Fault-controlled maximum subsidence is represente by the lacustrine Upper Permian Madumabisa Mudstone Formation. Block-faulting and downwarping, probably due to the Gondwanide Orogeny, culminated with the introduction of large quantities of sediment through braided fluvial systems that overwhelmed and terminated Madumabisa Lake sedimentation, and is now represented by the Triassic Escarpment Grit and Interbedded Sandstone and Mudstone Formations of the Upper Karoo Group. Outpourings of basaltic flows in the Early Jurassic terminated Karoo sedimentation.     

Stratigraphic evolution of the nearshore to fluvial plain of the Upper Cuyo Group,Neuquén,Argentina

The upper portion of the Cuyo Group in the Zapala region, south‐eastern Neuquén Basin (Western Argentina), encompasses marine and transitional deposits (Lajas Formation) overlain by alluvial rocks (Challacó Formation). The Challacó Formation is covered by the Mendoza Group above a second‐order sequence boundary. The present study presents the stratigraphic framework and palaeophysiographic evolution of this Bajocian to Eo‐Calovian interval. The studied succession comprises the following genetic facies associations: (i) offshore and lower shoreface–offshore transition; (ii) lower shoreface; (iii) upper shoreface; iv) intertidal–subtidal; (v) supratidal–intertidal; (vi) braided fluvial to delta plain; (vii) meandering river; and (viii) braided river. The stratigraphic framework embraces four third‐order depositional sequences (C1 to C4) whose boundaries are characterized by the abrupt superposition of proximal over distal facies associations. Sequences C1 to C3 comprise mostly littoral deposits and display well‐defined, small‐scale transgressive–regressive cycles associated with fourth‐order depositional sequences. Such high‐frequency cycles are usually bounded by ravinement surfaces associated with transgressive lags. At last, the depositional sequence C4 delineates an important tectonic reorganization probably associated with an uplift of the Huincul Ridge. This is suggested by an inversion of the transport trend, north‐westward during the deposition of C1 to C3 depositional sequences (Lajas Formation) to a south‐west trend during the deposition of the braided fluvial strata related to the C4 depositional sequence (Challacó Formation).     

伊犁盆地南缘郎卡地区中侏罗统西山窑组沉积特征及演化

针对伊犁盆地郎卡地区中侏罗统西山窑组铀矿地质勘查中对沉积相研究存在的问题,以钻孔岩芯精细研究为基础,结合区域地质背景及测井、地震、粒度等分析资料进行沉积相标志、沉积相展布及沉积演化等进行综合研究.研究成果表明研究区西山窑组主要发育辫状河三角洲和湖泊2种沉积相.西山窑组下段沉积时期,研究区发育辫状河三角洲平原沉积,分流河...     

准噶尔盆地中部下侏罗统三工河组二段沉积相及储层特征

准噶尔盆地中部下侏罗统三工河组二段广泛发育三角洲相。二段下部在研究区东北部以大型辫状河三角洲前缘沉积夹滑动浊流沉积为特征,西部以扇三角洲沉积为特征,在中部两者交汇叠加。二段上部在东北部和西部都为曲流河三角洲前缘亚相沉积,在区中部交汇叠加。三工河组二段砂岩发育大量原生孔隙和次生孔隙,为有利储层。沉积微相类型控制砂体储集性能,成岩作用对砂岩储集性的改造并不强烈。二段下部的辫状河三角洲前缘河道微相及扇三角洲前缘河道微相具有大孔中渗的特点,为Ⅰ、Ⅱ类储层;上部的曲流河三角洲前缘分支河道及前缘席状砂微相,具中孔中、低渗的特点,为Ⅱ和Ⅲ类储层。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东缘保德地区上古生界层序地层与沉积相特征*

为了揭示鄂尔多斯盆地东缘层序地层与沉积相特征,以层序地层学和沉积学理论为指导,对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘保德扒楼沟剖面及周缘上古生界的层序与体系域界面类型、层序结构、沉积相类型及沉积演化进行研究。依据区域性不整合面、下切谷冲刷面、海侵方向转换面和区域性海退面等层序界面将研究区上古生界划分为7个三级层序,分别对应于本溪组、太原组2段、太原组1段、山西组、下石盒子组、上石盒子组和石千峰组。保德扒楼沟及周缘上古生界剖面发育16种岩石类型和8种岩石组合。区内上古生界发育障壁海岸相、碳酸盐岩台地相、辫状河相和曲流河相。SQ1-SQ3中低位体系域发育风化壳和潮道亚相,海侵体系域发育潮坪亚相和潟湖亚相,高位体系域发育碳酸盐岩台地相、潟湖亚相和潮坪亚相;SQ4-SQ7中低位体系域发育辫状河河床亚相,海侵体系域主要发育曲流河泛滥平原亚相,高位体系域主要发育多期曲流河河床亚相—堤岸亚相—泛滥平原亚相的演化序列。区内上古生界经历了由障壁海岸相和碳酸盐岩台地相向河流相的演化过程,沉积演化主要受物源供给、海平面变化和构造活动的控制。     

冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷留西地区古近系沙河街组沙三上亚段沉积相与隐蔽油藏

通过岩心观察和单井相分析,结合沉积背景资料,认为留西地区古近系沙河街组沙三上亚段发育辫状河三角洲相和湖泊相,以辫状河三角洲前缘亚相和滨浅湖亚相为主,主要发育辫状分流河道、越岸沉积、水下分流河道、河口坝、席状砂等微相。根据层序地层学基本原理,结合前人研究成果,认为本区沙三上亚段为一完整的三级层序,可划分为低位、湖侵和高位3个体系域,分别对应于沙三上亚段沉积时期的早期、中期和晚期,绘制了每个沉积阶段的沉积相图,在此基础上研究了沉积体系的平面展布特征。沙三上亚段沉积时期形成的北高南低的构造背景与辫状河三角洲近东西向展布的砂体形态相互配置,加之良好的油源供给,为后期成藏创造了条件。沙三上亚段沉积早期发育的辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道与河口坝砂体是主要的储集体,与沉积中期发育的烃源岩形成了十分有利的生储盖组合,具有优越的隐蔽油藏发育条件。总结了该区隐蔽油藏成藏的4种模式,确定留西地区中南部沙三上亚段沉积早期发育的辫状河三角洲前缘砂体是下一步隐蔽油藏勘探的有利目标。     

准噶尔盆地石南31井区下白垩统清水河组一段辫状河三角洲相及沉积演化

针对准噶尔盆地腹部石南31井区下白垩统清水河组一段三角洲相沉积的不同认识,根据砾岩的成层性、组构、结构成熟度、孔隙发育等特征,以及砂岩的结构、构造、粒度特征、砂体的空间展布特征,笔者认为清水河组一段是较强水动力条件下牵引流沉积的产物,其沉积环境属辫状河三角洲。通过对岩心的详细观察与描述,结合测井相分析,以石南31井区211口井的单井相分析为基础,依据连井相剖面分析和平面沉积相综合研究,认为该区辫状河三角洲的各亚相发育齐全,并识别出了辫状河道、河漫、水下分流河道、支流间湾、河口砂坝、远砂坝、前三角洲泥、前三角洲沟道砂等微相。在清一段早期（K₁q²₁）,研究区以湖泊相沉积为主,仅东南部为辫状河三角洲沉积。其后,研究区南北两个方向的辫状河三角洲相向推进（K₁q^1-3-4₁ 、K₁q^1-3-3₁）;继而,东南部的辫状河三角洲平原消失,研究区内仅见三角洲前缘（K₁q^1-3-2₁）沉积;K₁q^1-3-1₁沉积时期以细粒沉积为主,而沉积相格局则大致同前。同样,K₁q^1-2₁沉积时期,北方发育辫状河三角洲平原及前缘,东南方仅发育三角洲前缘。清一段晚期（K₁q^1-1₁）,由于湖平面快速上升,全区均演化为前辫状河三角洲亚相,主要由前三角洲泥构成,并且发育条带状分布的沟道砂沉积。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部苏里格庙含油气区二叠系山西组及下石盒子组盒八段岩相古地理

以测井资料和岩心观察为基础，对鄂尔多斯盆地北部苏里格庙含油气区的二叠系山西组及下石盒子组盒八段识别出了辫状河、曲流河、三角洲和湖泊等4种沉积相类型。利用层序地层学原理，将山西组和下石盒子组盒八段划分5个三级沉积层序，建立了苏里格庙含油气区层序地层格架。编制了以体系域为单位的山西组和下石盒子组盒八段沉积期岩相古地理图，探讨了层序地层格架内的山西组和下石盒子组盒八段沉积期岩相古地理特征及演化规律。山西期古地理格局呈南北向相分异的曲流河-三角洲沉积；盒八段沉积期冲积体系大范围向研究区南部迁移，形成了以辫状河沉积为主的河流-三角洲沉积。河道砂体是苏里格庙含油气区有利的砂质储集体类型，主要发育在低位体系域。实践表明，以体系域为单位编制的岩相古地理图，可以清楚地展示不同沉积时期的沉积微相展布与迁移变化，是有利储层预测的一种有效方法。     

渤海湾盆地垦东凸起北坡馆上段沉积相模式探讨

主要通过岩心观察、粒度分析、参数计算、录测井分析等手段,充分吸收国内外河流研究成果,结合研究区区域地质背景,揭示垦东凸起北坡馆上段沉积相模式。得到以下认识：研究区馆上段地层为河流相沉积,从沉积物特征和平面形态角度可以将研究区馆上段河流沉积理解为介于辫状河及曲流河之间的过渡河型。其平均河道弯曲度大于1.7,垂向层序表现为泥多砂少,具有曲流河的特征;但沉积层序顶部常直接覆盖河漫/洪泛平原沉积,特别是河道内砂坝发育造成河道分汊河,砂坝沉积物粒度特征反映受洪水控制的震荡性特点而与曲流河有重要差别。本文借用在水利学界和地貌学界广为使用的分汊河概念建立了研究区馆上段沉积相模式,包括河床、堤岸、河漫/洪泛平原、废弃河道等4个亚相,组成下粗上细的正旋回。其中,河道砂坝是其主要砂体,顶部常被洪泛平原直接覆盖;决口扇是仅次于河道砂坝的第二大砂体。     

冀中饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡北段古近系沙河街组沉积相及成藏有利区带

通过沉积环境、沉积特征、测井相和地震相等综合分析,认为蠡县斜坡北部主要目的层段古近系沙河街组沙一下段、沙二段及沙三上段发育退积式扇三角洲、辫状河和进积式辫状河三角洲3种沉积相类型。研究结果表明,蠡县斜坡北部沙一下段半环形扇三角洲前缘相带、沙二段河流相分流河道的主体部位及沙三上段辫状河三角洲各期分流河道的边缘相带砂体,是油气藏的主要储集体,其储集物性良好,加上良好的烃源岩层和有利的盖层,具有形成油气藏的优越条件,因此是下一步油藏勘探的重点,其中沙三段将是圈闭优选的主要突破口。     

Role of vegetation in shaping Early Pennsylvanian braided rivers: Architecture of the Boss Point Formation,Atlantic Canada

Vegetation is a major driver of fluvial dynamics in modern rivers, but few facies models incorporate its influence. This article partially fills that gap by documenting the stratigraphy, architecture and palaeobotany of the Lower Pennsylvanian Boss Point Formation of Atlantic Canada, which contains some of the Earth's earliest accumulations of large woody debris. Braided‐fluvial systems occupied channel belts of varied scale within valleys several tens of metres deep and more than 12 km wide, and their deposits predominantly consist of sandy and gravelly bedforms with subordinate accretionary macroforms, high flow‐strength sand sheets and rippled abandonment facies. Discrete accumulations of clastic detritus and woody debris are up to 6 m thick and constitute at least 18% of the in‐channel deposits; they represent lags at the base of large and small channels, fills of minor channels and sandy macroforms that developed in central positions in the upper parts of channel fills. Sandstones with roots and other remnants of in situ vegetation demonstrate that vegetated islands were present, and the abundance of discrete channel fills suggests that the formation represents an anabranching, island‐braided sandbed river, the earliest example documented to date. Although some sphenopsid and lycopsid remains are present, most woody fragments are derived from cordaitalean trees, and the evolution of this group late in the Mississippian is inferred to have exerted a significant influence on fluvial morphodynamic patterns. The formation records a landscape in which active channel belts alternated with well‐drained floodplains colonized by dense, mature forests and local patches of pioneering, disturbance‐tolerant vegetation. Lakes and poorly drained floodplains dominated by carbonate and organic deposition, respectively, were also present. A large supply of woody debris triggered channel blockage and avulsion, and active channel margins and islands within the channel belts were initially colonized by pioneer vegetation and subsequently stabilized by large trees. A similar alternation of stable and unstable conditions is observed in modern braided rivers actively influenced by vegetation.     

Depositional environment and sedimentary of the basinal sediments in the Eibiswalder Bucht (Radl Formation and Lower Eibiswald Beds), Miocene Western Styrian Basin,Austria

The Eibiswald Bucht is a small subbasin of the Western Styrian Basin exposing sediments of Lower Miocene age. In the past the entire sequence exposed in the Eibiswalder Bucht has been interpreted as being of fluvial/lacustrine origin; here, results are presented of detailed sedimentological investigations that lead to a revision of this concept. The lowermost siliciclastic sedimentary unit of the Eibiswalder Bucht sequence is the Radl Formation. It is overlain by the Eibiswald Beds, which are subdivided into the Lower, Middle and Upper Eibiswald Beds. The Radl Formation and the Lower Eibiswald Beds are interpreted as a fan delta complex deposited along NNW-SSE striking faults. Based on the sedimentary facies this fan delta can be subdivided into a subaerial alluvial fan facies group, a proximal delta facies group and a distal delta/prodelta facies group. The Radl Formation comprises the alluvial fan and proximal delta facies groups, the Lower Eibiswald Beds the distal delta/prodelta facies group. The alluvial fan and the proximal delta consist of diverse deposits of gravelly flows. The distal delta/prodelta consists of wave-reworked, bioturbated, low density turbidites intercalated with minor gravelly mass flows. The prodelta can be regarded as as the basin facies of the small and shallow Eibiswalder Bucht, where marine conditions prevailed. The basin was probably in part connected with the Eastern Styrian Basin, the contemporary depositional environment of the Styrian Schlier (mainly turbiditic marine offshore sediments in the Eastern Styrian Basin). Analysis of the clast composition, in conjunction with the paleotransport direction of the coarse delta mass flows of the Radl Formation, shows that the source rocks were exclusively crystalline rocks ranging from greenschists to eclogites.     

渤海湾盆地渤南洼陷古近系沙河街组三段沉积相的GIS辨析

渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷渤南洼陷的主要含油层系为古近系沙河街组三段,目前关于该段沉积相类型的认识分歧很大。应用地理信息系统ArcView GIS 3.2 a的空间分析功能,求取了沙三段各砂层组的沉积表面坡度。9砂层组沉积时的坡度多为1.5°～3.5°,紧邻孤岛凸起处坡度可达3.5°～5°;而5砂层组沉积时的坡度则几乎全部小于1.8°。综合考虑5砂层组、9砂层组的代表性和盆地沉积构造背景、储集层砂体外围泥岩的沉积特征、纵向上的沉积组合关系、储集层砂体平面展布形态及其自身的沉积学特征,认为渤南洼陷沙三段主要的储集层砂体应为辫状河三角洲沉积,仅最下部9砂层组的储集层砂体为深水湖泊重力流沉积。     

苏北盆地东部凹陷上白垩统泰州组沉积相*

苏北盆地是在晚白垩世发育起来的箕状断陷盆地。上白垩统泰州组（K₂t）为东部凹陷发育初期形成的一套碎屑岩沉积地层,自下而上总体构成由粗到细的沉积旋回。通过对区内52口探井的录井、测井和岩心资料综合分析,认为泰州组主要发育辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲及湖泊相3种沉积相类型,在此基础上又进一步识别出7种亚相和12种微相。泰州组分为两段,泰州组一段沉积早、中期为辫状河三角洲沉积,晚期转变为(曲流河)三角洲沉积;泰州组二段早期为深湖—半深湖沉积,中晚期为浅湖亚相。伴随湖平面的反复升降,表现出明显的多旋回性。研究区泰州组一段表现为典型的退积型三角洲沉积。通过进一步研究泰州组一段各沉积时期沉积相的平面分布及演变特征,指出在梁垛—安丰—李堡一带沉积砂体发育,是油气储集层发育的有利地区。     

济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近系沙河街组沉积相

济阳坳陷东营凹陷的主要含油层系为古近系沙河街组。沙河街组各段沉积相的展布各具特征,演化序列清楚。沙四段早期主要发育冲积—洪积扇,分布于湖盆的边缘地区;沙四段晚期,受北断南超的箕状构造背景控制,由北向南依次发育了近岸水下扇、滑塌浊积扇、半深湖相和滨浅湖濉坝相沉积。沙三段沉积时期是三角洲发育的鼎盛时期,三角洲的主体主要分布于凹陷的东部和中部地区,伴随着三角洲自东向西的推进及湖盆范围的不断缩小,沉积类型由早期的三角洲—滑塌浊积扇、三角洲—坡移浊积扇体系向晚期的河流—三角洲体系演化。南部斜坡带以河流相沉积为主,北部陡坡带垂向上由近岸水下扇—滑塌浊积扇、三角洲和辫状河三角洲组成。经过沙三段沉积时期三角洲等的填平补齐作用,到沙二段沉积时期以河流相沉积为主,只在凹陷西部的利津洼陷发育小规模的三角洲—浅湖相沉积。沙—段沉积时期湖盆发生大规模湖侵,物源供应减弱,以滨、浅湖相沉积为主,在凹陷南部边缘发育有滩坝相沉积。     

石西地区八道湾组三段辫状河三角洲的识别与沉积特征研究

针对前人提出准噶尔盆地腹部石西地区下侏罗统八道湾组三段为曲流河三角洲沉积的观点,笔者根据碎屑岩的结构、沉积构造及砂体的空间展布等特征,认为八道湾组三段是在较强水动力条件下牵引流沉积的产物,其沉积环境应属于辫状河三角洲沉积。通过对研究区八道湾组三段辫状河三角洲的沉积特征进行综合研究,认为该区辫状河三角洲发育2种亚相和5种微相:辫状河三角洲平原分流河道、河漫沼泽,辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道、支流间湾、河口砂坝。并分析了其展布特征与演化过程,推测该区八道湾组三段沉积早期湖平面下降,研究区内发育辫状河三角洲前缘沉积;中期湖平面继续下降,发育辫状河三角洲平原沉积;晚期湖平面上升,沉积物有所变细。西北部哈拉阿拉特山—德仑山及扎伊尔山物源体系是其主要物源区。