地下水中挥发性有机物的吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定

建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定地下水中卤代烃类、苯系物、氯代苯类等20多种挥发性有机物的方法。对吹扫捕集条件、气相色谱条件和质谱条件进行优化,并对实际水样进行测定。方法检出限为0.03～0.28μg/L,基体加标回收率为88.8%～111.0%,精密度(RSD,n=7)为2.21%～5.31%。方法准确,灵敏可靠,可满足地下水中痕量挥发性有机物的分析要求。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱／质谱法测定土壤中挥发性有机化合物

建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱技术测定土壤中挥发性有机化合物的方法,对标准模拟样品的基体选择、吹扫捕集条件、色谱条件等实验条件进行了考察。结果表明,方法检出限为0.20~0.60μg/kg,精密度(RSD,n=7)为2.78%~9.89%,基体加标平均回收率为81.5%~115.2%。方法准确可靠,用于批量样品的实际分析,检测结果良好。     

吹扫捕集浓缩仪-气相-质谱联用仪简介

吹扫捕集浓缩仪-气相-质谱联用仪P＆TGC—MSTRACEDSQ是西安地质调查中心实验测试中心于2006年引进的。吹扫捕集浓缩仪作为一种前处理设备,主要处理那些需要由气相色谱（GC）或气相色谱／质谱（GC／MS）进行挥发性有机物质（VOC）分析的样品。其工作原理为：     

地下水中有机污染物分析质量控制研究

建立了水中96种有机化合物的分析配套方案,包括吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱法测定水中挥发性有机化合物,气相色谱火焰光度检测器测定水中有机磷农药,气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定水中有机氯农药和多氯联苯,高效液相色谱二极管阵列-荧光检测器联用测定水中多环芳烃。方法检出限满足中国地质调查局《地下水污染调查评价规范》的要求。同时对样品测试中质量控制方法进行研究,制定了一套行之有效的质量控制方案,质量控制结果满意。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱-冷原子荧光方法测定土壤中甲基汞

建立了在线吹扫捕集-气相色谱-冷原子荧光方法测定土壤中甲基汞的方法。土壤样品经过溴酸钾/硫酸铜溶液提取后,使用二氯甲烷/水萃取与反萃取前处理方法,克服了土壤复杂基质的影响。使用四乙基硼化钠衍生试剂,将甲基汞转化为甲基乙基汞,在线吹扫捕集进行富集并进一步消除集体干扰。经条件优化,萃取时间为2h,反萃取的时间和温度分别为4h和65℃。方法准确、可靠,具有很高的灵敏度。土壤样品检出限可达0.8×10-9。标准样品测定回收率为97.6%~109%。     

土壤中23种挥发性氯代烃和苯系物的测定

建立了同时测定土壤中23种挥发性氯代烃和苯系物的吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法.优化了试验条件,标准曲线在0.32×10-9~200.0×10-9范围内呈线性关系,方法检出限（3S/N）为0.077×10-9~0.69×10-9,样品标准添加平均回收率86.5%~117.5%,相对标准偏差（n=7）在1.6%~8.2%之间.     

岩溶地区垃圾渗透液中36种挥发性有机物的测定

应用吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱法测定岩溶地区垃圾渗透液中36种挥发性有机物（VOCs）的含量。获取样品溶液5 mL于吹扫瓶中,利用TELEDYNE TEKMAR型吹扫捕集直接进样,经DB-VRX毛细管色谱柱分离、电子轰击电离（EI）全扫描检测,选择特征离子,再用外标法进行定量测定。结果表明:36种挥发性有机物的质量浓度在1～100 μg·L-1 范围内,与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法检出限在0.03～0.27 μg·L-1 之间,加标回收率在88%～110%之间,相对标准偏差（n=7）在2.32%～6.51%之间。      

水环境中苯系污染物的分析研究进展

苯系污染物(苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯)是环境中重点优先监测的致癌污染物。文章介绍了近年来国内外在水环境中苯系污染物的分析研究进展,内容主要包括:胶束电动毛细管色谱法(MECC)、吹扫捕集-气相色谱法(PT-GC)、吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱联用法(PT-GC-MS)、顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)-便携式微火焰离子化(portable GC-μFID)等联测分析技术与方法。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中七种氯苯类化合物

试验了三种色谱柱的分离效果,选用自制的环糊精毛细管柱,用吹扫捕集气相色谱法对水体中七种氯苯类化合物进行分析,优化了吹扫捕集的主要工作条件。方法的线性范围为1~100nL/L,重现性良好,6次重复测定的RSD为3.62%~6.98%。进样量5mL时,其检出限可达0.5nL/L,较之液液萃取灵敏度提高了至少50倍。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用同时测定饮用水源地水中痕量挥发性有机物

为满足饮用水源地监测要求,采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定饮用水源地水中乙醛、环氧氯丙烷、丙烯醛、苯系物等27种挥发性有机物。实验中运用程序升温,在26 min内完成检测,采用全扫描(SCAN)方式扫描,提高了化合物的定性能力。方法检出限均低于我国饮用水源地标准限值,回收率为75.6%~111.0%。     

重点行业企业用地地下水中60种挥发性有机物的测定分析方法研究

建立了吹扫捕集—气相色谱质谱法测定重点行业企业用地地下水中60种挥发性有机物的分析方法.采用屈臣氏双蒸水作为空白水,选择离子与全扫描模式交替方式进行定性定量,确定了保护剂的种类和用量,优化了吹扫捕集条件.方法检出限范围在0.3～1.2μg/L.该方法的线性范围为0～250μg/L,相关系数R²在0.9907～0.9999之间,3种不同浓度的加标平均回收率为87.2%～117%,相对标准偏差在1.7%～9.7%之间,优于《重点行业企业用地调查质量保证与质量控制技术规定(试行)》对地下水挥发性有机物的质控要求.本方法增加了VOCs的测试种类,线性范围宽,灵敏度高,适合于各类重点行业企业用地地下水中60种挥发性有机物的快速批量分析.     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法测定地下水中的挥发性有机物

利用吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用技术,建立了适用于地下水中氯代烃、苯系物、氯代苯类等25种挥发性有机污染物的分析方法。采用选择离子监测与全扫描交替方式进行质谱定性,内标法定量,方法检出限为0.10～0.20μg/L,样品加标的平均回收率在83.9%～104.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)在3.23%～10.1%。方法检出限低,精密度好,分析快速,适用于大批量地下水中挥发性有机物的分析。     

Sample preparation for analyzing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in sediment by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

A sample preparation technique was developed to isolate and separate two classes of combustion-produced pollutants: three- to six-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F), from sediment samples for interference-free analyses by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The method involves soxhlet extraction with methylene chloride, sulfur removal with activated copper powder, gel filtration chromatography with Sephadex LH-20, polarity separations of PAH and PCDD/F with prepacked silica gel solid-phase extraction columns, and isolation of PCDD/F from polychlorinated biphenyls with microalumina columns. Stringent procedural controls were established to achieve clean isolations and recoveries of 70% or better for each step in the method. The prepared sample extracts were analyzed by capillary GC and GC/MS. Electron impact ionization was used for PAH, and negative chemical ionization with methane as a reagent gas was used for PCDD/F. Reproducible results were obtained. The method is simple and has the advantage of conserving sample consumption since two classes of compounds can be analyzed from the same sample. This can be critical in sediment core analyses where sample size is usually limited.     

水体中挥发酚测定中的流动注射分光光度法研究进展

挥发酚是水体中的重要污染物,对生态环境和人体健康有着严重的危害,美国环保署已将11种酚类化合物列入环境优先污染物之中。文章概括了挥发酚的气相色谱法、蒸馏后溴化容量法、重量法、薄层色谱法、液相色谱法、光度法等检测方法的特点,重点介绍了流动注射分光光度法在挥发酚测定中的原理及在水质分析中的应用,讨论了该法的影响因素,包括缓冲溶液pH、氧化剂、空气峰以及实际水样的影响,并对这一领域的发展趋势进行了展望。引用文献54篇。     

Peculiarities of the composition of volatile components in picroilmenites from Yakutian kimberlites of various ages (by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry)

The composition of volatile components in picroilmenites from Yakutian kimberlitic pipes of various ages (the Olivinovaya, Malokuonapskaya, and Udachnaya–East pipes) was studied for the first time by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It was shown that picroilmenites and olivines from same kimberlitic pipes contained volatile components of close composition, whereas these components were quite different in these minerals from different pipes. These features point to a common source and represent the specificity of the magma chamber formed under the pronounced influence of hydrocarbons with their derivates, as well as nitrogen-, chlorine-, and sulfur-containing compounds. The fraction of hydrocarbons and derivates in the composition of volatile matter is as high as 99%, including 9.7% of chlorine- and fluorinecontaining compounds.     

Aliphatic hydrocarbons in the bitumens of the Puertollano oil shales

The aliphatic fraction of the bitumens from 3 bands of the Puertollano oil shale field have been studied by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Previous work published over the last years reached different conclusions about the origin of the organic matter in the Puertollano oil shales. A reappraisal of some of the biomarkers was then needed for a better understanding of the aliphatic hydrocarbons assemblage. The identified compounds, mainly n-alkanes in the medium to high boiling point region, acyclic isoprenoids and hopane-related compounds point towards a predominant algal/bacterial input. No unequivocally higher plant derived biomarkers have been detected in significant amounts, suggesting that the bulk of the organic matter derive from authocthonous organisms living in the basin. The biomarker maturity ratios indicate that the 3 Puertollano oil shales have similar maturities and are close to the onset of oil generation, assessing a slightly higher maturity than that determined by petrographic techniques.