辽东铀成矿带连山关地区韧性剪切带与铀成矿作用

连山关地区位于华北克拉通北缘铀成矿省辽东铀成矿带,已知铀矿床（点）均发育在韧性剪切带附近。为了解韧性剪切带运动学、几何学构造变形机制及与铀矿的关系,本文以连山关岩体周缘韧性剪切带为研究对象,通过野外宏观调查和室内微观研究相结合的研究方法,探讨构造变形期次、韧性剪切带形成机理及其对铀成矿的控制作用。研究表明：连山关岩体周缘发育的韧性剪切带与近南北向挤压构造变形有关,其右行韧性剪切带应变类型为压扁应变,属于一般压缩-平面应变范围,Flinn指数K值在0.19~0.69之间,岩石类型属于S/SL型构造岩。研究区内铀矿体均为隐伏盲矿体,主要赋存于沿着连山关岩体和辽河群接触带右行剪切作用形成的背斜褶皱核部,和北东东向断裂关系密切。综合分析认为,连山关岩体南缘北西向韧性剪切带为一级控矿构造,是区内铀矿热液运移的通道,而剪切带边部的晚期北东东向断裂则是铀矿储存空间;铀源可能来自于太古宙古风化壳,并在大型韧性剪切活动（提供热液运移通道）和基性脉岩侵入（提供热源和还原剂）等综合因素作用下运移、富集成矿。     

运用高分遥感技术圈定西昆仑黑恰铁多金属矿化带

为了在西昆仑地区圈定黑恰铁多金属矿化带,主要运用高分遥感解译和矿化遥感异常信息增强与提取技术,配合适量的野外调查验证及采样测试工作,建立遥感综合找矿模型,为后续区域地质矿产工作规划部署和矿产勘查提供依据。调查结果表明,在黑恰一带圈定了1条找矿潜力巨大的含铜铅锌的菱铁-赤铁矿化带,延伸长度约60 km,宽度200~500 m。矿化带内含多个铁多金属矿化体。矿化体位于温泉沟群 d 段偏顶部碎屑岩向碳酸盐岩的过渡部位,呈层状、似层状、透镜状产出,产状一般为40°~50°∠68°~81°,与区域地层产状一致。单矿化体长度数百~9500余 m,地表出露厚度2~50 m,一般厚约15 m。地表矿石矿物以赤铁矿和褐铁矿为主,次为镜铁矿,含少量菱铁矿。铁矿化体顶板碎裂化的碳酸盐岩中普遍见 Pb -Zn -Cu 矿化,部分铁矿化体上部也可见Pb -Zn(少量 Cu)矿化。高分遥感技术在西昆仑地区矿产地质综合调查中作用显著,可为实现找矿工作的快速突破创造条件,并为高分遥感技术在相同或类似地区开展找矿工作提供依据和借鉴。     

Quantification of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) using radon,radium tracers and nutrient inputs in Punnakayal,south coast of India

The present study focused on the estimation of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)and the effects of nutrient fluxes due to the SGD process.The parameters of SGD such as magnitude,character,and nutrient flux in Punnakayal region of South East coast of India were evaluated using multiple tracers of groundwater inputs in 2019.It was found that the elevated values for the tracers in the study area,displayed a gradational change in the values as move from estuarine part to the offshore.Simultaneous occurrence of fresh and saline SGD is observed on the study sites.Also,indicated that the SGD fluxes ranged from 0.04 to 0.12 m^3 m^-2d^-1 at the estuary and0.03-0.15 m^3 m^-2d^-1at the groundwater site.A substantially increased value for 222 Rn activities is distinguished in the estuary to values over 312 dpm L^-1.Nutrient embellishments were generally greatest at locations with substantial meteoric elements in groundwater;however,the recirculation of saltwater through the geological formation could provide a way of transferring terrestrially-derived nutrients to the coastal zone at many places.     

铀资源勘查遥感技术“十二五”科技发展动态

文章简述了遥感勘查技术的总体发展现状、铀矿勘查需求、存在问题和＂十二五＂主要发展方向,重点分析了遥感应用基础创新、热红外高光谱与微波遥感、四维地质填图与立体勘查技术在铀资源勘查领域的应用前景与潜力。     

Thorium and uranium isotopes in a manganese nodule from the Peru basin determined by alpha spectrometry and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS): Are manganese supply and growth related to climate?

Thorium- and uranium isotopes were measured in a diagenetic manganese nodule from the Peru basin applying alpha- and thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). Alpha-counting of 62 samples was carried out with a depth resolution of 0.4 mm to gain a high-resolution²³⁰Th_excess profile. In addition, 17 samples were measured with TIMS to obtain precise isotope concentrations and isotope ratios. We got values of 0.06–0.59 ppb (²³⁰Th), 0.43–1.40 ppm (²³²Th), 0.09–0.49 ppb (²³⁴U) and 1.66–8.24 ppm (²³⁸U). The uranium activity ratio in the uppermost samples (1–6 mm) and in two further sections in the nodule at 12.5±1.0 mm and 27.3–33.5 mm comes close to the present ocean water value of 1.144±0.004. In two other sections of the nodule, this ratio is significantly higher, probably reflecting incorporation of diagenetic uranium. The upper 25 mm section of the Mn nodule shows a relatively smooth exponential decrease in the²³⁰Th_excess concentration (TIMS). The slope of the best fit yields a growth rate of 110 mm/Ma up to 24.5 mm depth. The section from 25 to 30.3 mm depth shows constant²³⁰Th_excess concentrations probably due to growth rates even faster than those in the top section of the nodule. From 33 to 50 mm depth, the growth rate is approximately 60 mm/Ma. Two layers in the nodule with distinct laminations (11–15 and 28–33 mm depth) probably formed during the transition from isotopic stage 8 to 7 and in stage 5e, respectively. The Mn/Fe ratio shows higher values during interglacials 5 and 7, and lower ones during glacials 4 and 6. A comparison of our data with data from adjacent sediment cores suggests (a) a variable supply of hydrothermal Mn to sediments and Mn nodules of the Peru basin or (b) suboxic conditions at the water sediment interface during periods with lower Mn/Fe ratios.     

松辽盆地舍伯吐地区第三系砂体层间氧化-还原过渡带发育特征及其含铀性

松辽盆地是上叠于海西褶皱带基底之上的中新生代陆相沉积盆地。舍伯吐地区位于松辽盆地西南部，区内上第三系松散堆积层赋存有3层稳定的砂体。砂体中均发育有不同规模的区域性层间氧化带。经钻探揭露，榆树屯地段Ⅱ层砂体的层间氧化-还原过渡带比较典型，并有铀和钼的次生富集，这一发现为松辽盆地找矿工作的突破展现了良好的前景。     

破碎带地层钻探化学凝胶护壁堵漏技术的研究与应用

针对目前大洋钻探钻遇破碎带硬岩地层复杂情况,在总结国内外破碎带地层钻探施工中的主要技术难点与对策的基础上,结合现场施工中的实际情况,分析施工中经常遇到的破碎带地层特点,提出了应用化学凝胶技术解决破碎带地层井下复杂问题的新思路。提出了适用于不同地层温度的化学凝胶体系基本配方,通过正交试验设计,优选出了最佳体系配方,形成一套完善的适合深海钻探用高温树脂凝胶护壁作业规程。     

Soil-geochemistry,radiometric and soil gas helium studies in the uranium mineralized zone of Tumallapalle,Cuddapah Basin,Andhra Pradesh

A geochemical soil sampling survey undertaken at Tumallpalle uranium mineralized zone Cuddapah district, has confirmed the presence of uranium anomalies in soils. Bulk soil samples were collected at every 20 m along the traverse from approximately 30 cm below the surface and were assayed for uranium by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The uranium anomalies detected by the insitu radiometric survey show a correlation with the helium highs. The soil gas helium studies have aided in delineating the subsurface extension of the deposit. This study endeavors for an integration of different techniques in a known area which could probably aid in delineating uranium zones for optimal exploitation in the future exploration programmes.     

江南造山带西南段摩天岭穹隆脆韧性剪切与铀成矿作用

在造山带构造体制转换环境下,铀元素的活化、迁移和沉淀富集过程多与脆韧性剪切带的递进发育过程紧密相关。鉴于此,详细的区域和矿田构造解析是正确理解铀矿床成因的关键。华南江南造山带及其周缘分布着大面积低温铀矿床,既有晚古生代铀矿床,又有后期叠加的新生代铀矿床,均受脆韧性剪切转换带控制。华南铀矿床成矿作用具有多期叠加成矿特点,以往对单个铀矿床成矿地质和赋矿特征的研究较多,但对铀成矿作用与区域地质、构造体制及其剪切转化关系的系统研究则较为薄弱,造成对矿床成因认识很不统一,制约了对这一区铀成矿作用的深入理解。为深入了解这类铀矿床的形成机制,本文选取了摩天岭穹隆376矿床和374矿床两种不同地质特征的代表性铀矿床开展研究。通过详细地构造解析,我们认为摩天岭穹隆至少发育了五期构造变形,分别为新元古代(～820Ma)(D1期)近东西向褶皱与同构造岩浆侵位、加里东期顶部向NW的逆冲(453～426Ma)(D2期)、后加里东期NE走向的正向韧性剪切(426～295Ma)(D3期)、燕山晚期-喜马拉雅期的脆-韧性伸展(87～47Ma)(D4期)及喜马拉雅期以来的构造隆升与剥蚀(47Ma～至今)(D5期);结合显微构造与电子探针分析,认为D3期和D4期为关键铀成矿期。通过系统野外调查,以构造地质解析为主线,对新元古代三防花岗岩体及其周缘主要含矿构造与典型铀矿床的关系进行了详细解析,提出了摩天岭两种类型铀矿床由脆韧性递进变形控制的统一铀成矿模式,以期对华南铀矿勘查工作提供借鉴。     

伊犁盆地库捷尔太铀矿床层间氧化带与铀矿化特征研究

库捷尔太铀矿床(又名512铀矿床)是中国第一个典型的层间氧化带可地浸砂岩型铀矿床.矿床形态、规模、品位和分布都受控于层间氧化带.而层间氧化带在空间上具有多层性、叠加性和分带性.本文通过对库捷尔太铀矿床层间氧化带展布、分带性、岩石特征和矿体分布,铀矿物和价态铀的分布组合特点的分析,来进一步认识层间氧化带可地浸砂岩型铀矿床成矿规律,丰富水成铀矿床理论,以便对今后在寻找这类矿床时具有一定的指导意义.     

准噶尔盆地顶山地区乌伦古河组氧化带元素地球化学特征及其与铀矿化的关系

主要对准噶尔盆地顶山地区乌伦古河组潜水氧化带和层间氧化带的砂岩进行主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征分析和对比.主微量元素特征显示：潜水氧化带的黏土作用,碳酸盐化作用,U、V、Mo的相关性比层间氧化带强.稀土元素特征显示：层间氧化带与潜水氧化带具统一的物源、沉积环境和构造背景,潜水氧化带轻重稀土分异程度、后生蚀变作用较层间氧化带强,层间氧化带Eu负异常较潜水氧化带明显.     

巴音戈壁盆地层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿找矿目的层选择

通过对巴音戈壁盆地沉积盖层的分布，岩性组合及古气候环境分析，提出下白晋统巴音戈壁组上段形成于温湿的古气候环境，泥－沙－泥地层结构清晰，砂岩层中有机质含量较高，是巴音戈壁盆地层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿的找矿目的层。     

新疆伊犁盆地南缘层间氧化带发育特征及其与铀矿化的关系

在伊犁盆地南缘产出一条距山前2－5km、自东向西延伸近百公里的铀及伴生元素成矿带。本文从已知铀矿床的成矿环境和特征出发，阐述了伊犁盆地南缘层间氧化带的空间分布和层间氧化带的控矿规律。通过不同层位的层间氧化带含矿性对比及同一层位不同地段的层间氧化带含矿性对比，总结出伊犁盆地南缘层间氧化带发育特征及其与铀矿化关系，为 在盆地内寻找层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床提供了依据。     

攀西铁矿成矿带地质矿产特征及找矿方向

本文通过对攀西地区区域地质、区域矿产特征的分析,综合地球物理、遥感解译资料,共划分出4个找矿远景区：冕宁泸沽一喜德登相营富铁矿找矿远景区、盐源矿山梁子-牛厂富铁矿找矿远景区、太和一攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿远景区、西昌德昌兴隆．会理龙泉铁矿远景区。指出远景区内岩浆晚期分异型铁矿床、火山沉积变质型铁矿床等为主攻矿种。     

Spatial variability of soils and stream sediments and the remediation effects in a Portuguese uranium mine area

The old Senhora das Fontes uranium mine, located in central Portugal, was closed down in 1971. The treatment of ores from this mine and other mines by heap-leach ended in 1982. Seven dumps partially covered by vegetation were left in the area. Soil and stream sediment samples were collected in December 2009. The remediation was carried out from May 2010 to January 2011. Stream sediment samples were collected again in October 2013. Before the remediation, soils from inside the mine influence area have higher Al, As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Sr, Th, U and Zn concentrations than soils from outside this area, due to radionuclides, metals and metalloid released from the mine dumps. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows a distinction between soils from inside and outside the mine influence area. The U(VI), As(V) and metals from soils can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides and the humic acid can increase the U uptake. Soils must not be used for public or private green and residential areas, because they are contaminated in U, As, Co, Cd and Ni. Before the remediation, downstream sediments have higher Al, As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, U and Zn than upstream sediments, due to erosion and percolation of water through the mine dumps. The PCA shows a distinction between downstream and upstream sediments. The U(VI), Th and As(V) can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides. The stream sediments are contaminated in As, Mn, Th and U. Downstream sediments are the most contaminated in U and As. After the remediation, upstream and downstream sediments have generally higher Al, Fe, As, Cr, Ni, Th, U and Zn concentrations than before the remediation, attributed to the relocation of dumps. Radionuclides, metals and metalloids were transported by surface water. Consequently downstream sediments have higher Al, As, Cu, Mn, Ni, Th, U and Zn concentrations than upstream sediments. The U(VI), Th and As(V) can be adsorbed to Fe-oxyhydroxides. Stream sediments became more contaminated in U, Th and As than before the remediation, but more intensively downstream.     

广西向阳坪铀矿床钻探施工技术及改进措施

广西向阳坪铀矿床岩性以花岗岩为主,研磨性强,部分地层复杂,构造裂隙密集发育,岩石破碎,绿泥石化、高岭土化强烈,钻探施工困难。通过采用金刚石绳索取心钻探技术和施工工艺,并针对钻进中遇到的问题,引进了便携式全液压钻机,采用了成膜防塌无固相冲洗液体系及延迟交联凝胶堵漏工艺,优选了环齿式孕镶金刚石钻头,并采取了严格的预防和控制防斜措施,解决了钻进效率低、孔壁不稳定、金刚石钻头寿命短及钻孔弯曲等一系列问题。生产实践证明,该施工技术和工艺具有钻进效率高、岩（矿）心采取率高、劳动强度低等优点,可为花岗岩及复杂岩层钻进施工提供借鉴。     

Development of modified flyash as a permeable reactive barrier medium for a former manufactured gas plant site, Northern Ireland

A sequential biological permeable reactive barrier (PRB) was determined to be the best option for remediating groundwater that has become contaminated with a wide range of organic contaminants (i.e., benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and polyaromatic hydrocarbons), heavy metals (i.e., lead and arsenic), and cyanide at a former manufactured gas plant after 150 years of operation in Portadown, Northern Ireland. The objective of this study was to develop a modified flyash that could be used in the initial cell within a sequential biological PRB to filter complex contaminated groundwater containing ammonium. Flyash modified with lime (CaOH) and alum was subjected to a series of batch tests which investigated the modified cation exchange capacity (CEC) and rate of removal of anions and cations from the solution. These tests showed that a high flyash composition medium (80%) could remove 8.65 mol of ammonium contaminant for every kilogram of medium. The modified CEC procedure ruled out the possibility of cation exchange as the major removal mechanism. The medium could also adsorb anions as well as cations (i.e., Pb and Cr), but not with the same capacity. The initial mechanism for Pb and Cr removal is probably precipitation. This is followed by sorption, which is possibly the only mechanism for the removal of dichromate anions. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed very small (<1 μm) cubic highly crystalline precipitates on the flyash, although this new crystalline zeolite growth did not occur rapidly enough to enable productive zeolite formation. Surface area measurements showed that biofilm growth on the medium could be a major factor in the comparative reduction of surface area between real and synthetic contaminant groundwaters. The modified flyash was found to be a highly sorptive granular material that did not inhibit microbiological activity, however, leaching tests revealed that the medium would fail as a long-term barrier material.     

松辽盆地西南部钱家店铀矿床物源分析及铀成矿意义

基于开鲁盆地钱家店铀矿床姚下段砂岩的碎屑组分分析、重矿物组合特征以及稀土元素分析,探讨了该砂岩型铀矿的物质来源及矿质来源。碎屑组分分析指示该地区姚下段砂岩碎屑矿物以石英为主,碱性长石次之,岩屑类型丰富且含量较高;重矿物组合特征反映出姚下段重矿物以稳定矿物钛磁铁矿、白钛石、锆石和石榴石等为主,不稳定矿物绿帘石、硬绿泥石及黑云母含量较少;稀土元素特征显示出蚀源区花岗岩与过渡带相似的REE分布模式,花岗岩的ΣREE值与过渡带的ΣREE值较接近,且均具有铕负异常。综上所述,钱家店地区姚家组下段沉积显示了多物源体系的特征,碎屑矿物以中酸性岩浆岩来源为主,变质岩来源碎屑为辅;物源主要有3大方向：西北部舍伯吐凸起物源、东部架玛吐凸起物源及南部的燕山造山带物源,物源总体以南部燕山造山带为主,同时受多方向物源的共同控制。燕山晚期中酸性富铀岩浆岩在钱家店铀矿床铀源供给方面扮演了重要的角色。     

青海玉树断裂带地震落石的地震地质意义

2010年青海玉树Ms 7.1级大地震引发了一系列次生地质灾害,其中地震落石是除地震滑坡外沿断裂带及其邻侧最常见的现象。对玉树震区落石的调查发现,该区多处存在非常典型的多期地震落石分布现象,指示该区地震落石的发育与其他古地震现象类似,具有多期性和一定的原地复发性。实地调查表明,该区地震落石分布的主要特征为：多集中发育在活动断裂带附近的陡峭基岩斜坡下方,分布零散,且滚动较远,并常与古地震滑坡相伴生。初步获得的8个地震落石钙膜U系测年结果分布在距今6030±300a BP、4720±210a BP、3530±490~3560±280a BP、2010±160a BP、1090±70a BP、760±20a BP和230±20a BP年龄段,与该区古地震探槽和滑坡反映的地震事件比较吻合,进一步揭示玉树断裂带附近在全新世中晚期发生过多期可导致地表产生地震落石的事件。同时也说明,地震落石及其钙膜测年是特别值得进一步探索的潜在古地震研究方法或途径。     

巴音宝力格隆起带中新生代盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿地质条件及远景分析

本根据野外调查及室内系列编图成果，分析了巴音宝力格隆起带中新生代盆地砂岩型铀矿成矿地质条件，认为下白里统巴彦花组是中新生代盆地的找矿目的层位，并存在古河道与潜水层间氧化带两种砂岩型铀矿类型。巴彦毛都、准巴彦塔拉、乌里雅斯太和伊勒门盆地是形成砂岩型铀矿的远景盆地。