塔城盆地寒潮天气特征分析

通过分析塔城盆地30个寒潮个例，对出现寒潮天气的实况资料进行客观统计，着重分析形成寒潮天气的500hPa高度、850hPa温度、地面高压的季节特征以及积雪深度和云天状况在形成寒潮天气中的作用，从而确立影响塔城盆地寒潮天气的有关指标。给出了寒潮预报的经验方程，并进行个例试报。     

广西寒潮天气统计特征及环流形势分析

根据修订后的寒潮标准，对广西近46a的寒潮天气进行统计，并对典型寒潮年进行环流形势分析。结果表明：广西近46a出现了61次寒潮天气过程，其中全区性21次，桂北区域29次，桂南区域22次；广西寒潮最早出现在11月份，最迟出现在3月份，1月是寒潮出现的高峰月；出现寒潮频率的地域分布为东高西低；历年出现寒潮的总站数略呈下降趋势，并具有2年及11年左右的明显周期振荡特征。典型寒潮年环流分析表明当极涡南掉，东亚大槽加深，乌拉尔山脊维持，冬季风的加强及中纬度西风气流是导致冷空气堆积并爆发寒潮的主要环流形势。     

黑龙江省寒潮天气及预报

根据１９６１￣１９９８年的寒潮资料,分析了寒潮出现的气候概率,并根据冷空气的源地、路径及与寒潮爆发的相关天气形势,将寒潮天气分为５种类型,找出寒潮天气的预报指标并预报寒潮天气。     

遂宁市2005年“3．11”寒潮天气分析

通过对遂宁市2005年3月11—12日出现的寒潮天气过程进行分析和总结，得到一些指标特征量，利于今后提高类似的寒潮天气过程的预报水平。     

2002年4月三次A型寒潮天气过程的对比分析

本文通过对2002年4月三次寒潮天气过程的分析总结得出：三次寒潮天气过程都是发生在一槽一脊环流形势下，如此强的降温在20天左右的时间间隔内发生是在四川盆地有资料记录以来从未出现过。与从前一槽一脊寒潮预报的着眼点相比较，这三次寒潮天气过程南支槽活动、冷空气路径、冷空气补充、降水等，都有着不同的特点，文中提供了大量的资料，供预报员参考。     

武威市寒潮天气气候分析及预报

利用武威市5站(民勤、凉州区、永昌、古浪、乌鞘岭)近50a寒潮天气资料,分析了寒潮天气的气候特征及其出现的天气环流背景,运用天气学方法建立该市分月寒潮天气的预报工具．在“武威市灾害天气预警服务系统”中发挥了良好的预报作用,适用于河西走廊中东部的寒潮天气预报。具有很好的推广应用价值。     

气象上寒潮天气两种不同统计方法的探讨

文章使用多伦县2001—2010年寒潮天气统计资料,分析了当地寒潮变化特征,通过对寒潮统计两种不同方法从降温特征、大气环流特征及地表覆盖几个方面进行分析,得出如下结论:按日最低气温降温幅度统计寒潮天气出现次数明显多于按日平均气温降温幅度统计寒潮天气出现的次数,尤其在初冬和冬末季节日最低气温变化比日平均气温变化幅度更加剧烈。     

“96.2.18”寒潮天气分析

1996年2月18日，肇庆市受强大寒潮天气影响，气温急剧下降，出现严重的低温冻害天气过程，此时正值春节前后（在年初一至初三），根据高要站资料记录，是建站43年来气温最低的一个春节，并创近ZO年来2月份的最低气温记录。现就这次寒潮天气过程作一分析。1寒潮天气过程概况1．1影响过程中地面气象要素变化情况这次寒潮的冷前锋于2月17日下午自北向南影响我市，锋面过境时伴有6级偏北阵风。18日气温大幅度下降，全市48小时平均气温降幅达15．2～18．7t，最低气温出现在20～21日（其中ZO日封开县最低气温1．4“C，怀集县、广宁县1．8“C，…     

寒潮短期预报系统

寒潮短期预报系统杜忠校，杨建民（长治市气象局０４６０００）寒潮天气是一种大尺度的灾害性天气过程，寒潮天气会带来强烈的降温、霜冻、冰冻、有时伴有降雪、大风等。这种恶劣的天气往往造成农作物受冻、工矿管道冻裂、给工农业生产造成严重危害。因此，报准报好寒潮天...     

青海省寒潮天气的气候特征、分型及其预报

统计1980－2000年（10－5月）共21年的冬半年青海省寒潮资料，应用天气学、动力学和统计学相结合的方法，对青海省寒潮天气的环流形势、冷空气活动路径和气候背景等方面进行了分析，建立寒潮天气档案，总结出预报青海省寒潮天气的天气和天气学和动力学的预报指标，采用最优子集回归方法建立客观、定量的寒潮预报方法。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.