文峪金矿床505脉矿化特征及构造控矿规律

505脉总体走向270~310°,呈透镜体状、扁豆状以尖灭再现或尖灭侧现的形式产出.505脉为一典型的具多金属硫化物含金石英脉.含金矿物主要是黄铁矿,其次为方铅矿和黄铜矿.黄铁绢英岩化是金矿化的重要标志.控矿构造有4次脉动,与其对应,505脉分4个成矿阶段,主要是Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段及Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段叠加的部位成矿最好.505脉受一近东西向脆-韧性剪切带控制.矿体主要产于断裂的85~90°走向段和倾角为小于45~50°的缓倾段.这些部位也是多次矿化叠加、矿体厚度大、矿石品位高的部位,这些地段也是工业矿体产出的地段.     

北美最大规模铜-金-钼矿床——珀博矿床发现及其启示

对北美地区规模最大的珀博铜-金-钼矿床的发现历史、产出环境、地质特征和形成作用进行了论述,对如何将该矿床的成矿模式和技术方法运用于中国的找矿实践进行了讨论。研究结果表明,大兴安岭和吉黑成矿省侏罗纪—白垩纪火山-沉积岩地层分布广泛,各类深大断裂纵横交错,燕山期中酸性侵入岩十分发育,物化探异常显著,是寻找大型斑岩型铜多金属矿床的有利地段。采用指示性矿物法、水文和土壤地球化学法,结合系统的中大比列尺地质填图是在兴蒙造山带东北段寻找隐伏铜多金属矿床的有效途径。     

河北怀来颜家沟金矿地质特征及成因探讨

颜家沟金矿矿体产于石英二长斑岩体内部及其与白云岩接触部位的构造蚀变带内.在岩体内部为石英脉型Au、Cu矿化,岩体内接触带则为网脉状蚀变岩型Au、Pb、Zn矿化,岩体外接触带是构造蚀变岩型Ag矿化.主矿化体受石英二长斑岩体及次一级构造和裂隙控制.经过岩桨期后气成热液叠加改造,构成了复杂的成矿过程,初步认为该矿床属岩浆期后多次气热叠加型金多金属矿.     

山东唐家沟金矿床地质特征及深部预测

唐家沟金矿位于胶东牟平乳山金矿带西南段;历经数次勘查工作,近期获得较大突破,累计金金属资源量规模达到近大型。矿区内出露地层主要为古元古代荆山群变质岩及新生界第四系,构造以古元古代褶皱构造和中生代断裂构造为主,其中含金矿化蚀变带受 NNE 向、NE 向、近 EW 向断裂控制。主要控矿构造呈 NNE 向、近 EW向展布,矿石类型主要为黄铁矿化石英脉、黄铁矿化花岗质碎裂岩和黄铁矿化大理岩,矿化具多期活动特点。研究发现,控矿构造局部引张段与其他构造交会处是储矿的有利部位,矿化蚀变叠加地段预示着深部成矿可能性极大。深部预测 NNE 向金矿化断裂构造与 NE 向硫化物富集带交会部位,残留荆山群地层与侵入岩接触部位、接触带与NE 向硫化物富集带交会部位为成矿的有利地带。     

新疆维权银多金属矿床地质特征及找矿方向

文章通过对维权银多金属矿床地质特征的认识,结合矿区矿石、岩石地球化学、稀土元素、微量元素以及硫同位素特征,初步认为该矿床为一个钙矽卡岩型银多金属矿床。区域性韧-脆性大断裂影响带中的华力西晚期花岗岩类岩体与石炭纪含钙质岩系的接触带附近是成矿有利部位;钙矽卡岩带、多金属矿化(孔雀石化、铅锌矿化等)、化探Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag等多金属异常组合、高磁 高重力 高极化 低阻的物探"三高一低"异常组合是最佳找矿标志。区内北部应主要寻找与剪切带成矿作用有关的金矿,南部应主要寻找矽卡岩型铜银多金属矿。     

坦桑尼亚穆索马—马拉绿岩带塔拉尼金矿床地质特征及找矿潜力分析

坦桑尼亚塔拉尼（Tarani）金矿床位于穆索马-马拉绿岩带内,矿体受近EW和NW向韧性剪切带控制。围岩为尼安萨超群绿泥千枚岩。矿石类型主要为石英脉型,矿石构造以细脉状、块状和蜂窝状为主,有用矿石矿物为自然金。矿化蚀变的主要类型有：硅化、硫化、绢云母化等。成矿阶段分为早期（S1）、中期（S2）和晚期（S3）3个阶段。矿床类型为剪切带石英脉型金矿床。金矿严格受地层和构造控制,尼安萨超群铁镁质火山-沉积建造是含矿地层,近EW和NW向韧性剪切构造带为赋矿构造。矿区内近EW和NW向韧性剪切带中变形强烈地段为矿区找矿有利地段。激电中梯和测深资料显示,在M1金矿脉两侧延伸方向和深部具有巨大的找矿潜力。     

山东蓬莱金矿黄铁矿成分环带的成因及成矿意义

蓬莱金矿位于胶东半岛北部,是一个中型热液型脉状金矿。利用分析型高分辨电子显微镜(JEM-2000FX)并配以能谱仪(EDS)对主要的载金矿物黄铁矿进行微区分析,发现成矿阶段黄铁矿晶体内部Fe、S等成分呈环带状分布。本文从耗散结构理论出发,初步探讨黄铁矿内部成分环带的成因,并论述了它的成矿意义。     

Gold-Related Sulfide Mineralization and Ore Genesis of the Penjom Gold Deposit, Pahang, Malaysia

The Penjom gold deposit lies on the eastern side of the Raub‐Bentong Suture line within the Central Belt of Permo‐Triassic rocks, near Kuala Lipis, Pahang, Malaysia. The geology of the deposit is dominated by a sequence of fine‐ to coarse‐grained rhyolitic to rhyodacitic tuff, tuff‐breccia and a minor rhyolitic–rhyodacitic volcanic series, associated with argillaceous marine sedimentary rocks consisting of shale with subordinate shalely limestone of Padang Tungku Formation and Pahang Volcanic Series. Fine‐ to coarse‐grained tonalite and quartz porphyry intruded this unit. The main structural features of the area are north–south‐trending left‐lateral strike‐slip faults and their subsidiaries, which generally strike north–south and dip moderately to the east (350°–360°/40°–60°). Mineralization at the Penjom gold deposit is structurally controlled and also erratic laterally and vertically. The gold mineralization can be categorized as (i) gold associated with carbonate‐rich zones hosted within dilated quartz veins carrying significant amount of sulfides; (ii) gold disseminated within stockwork of quartz–carbonate veins affiliated with tonalite; and (iii) gold often associated with arsenopyrite and pyrite in quartz–carbonate veins and stringers hosted within shear zones of brittle–ductile nature in all rock types and in brittle fractured rhyodacitic volcanic rocks. Sphalerite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite and pyrrhotite are the minerals accompanying the early stage of gold mineralization. These minerals also suffered from local brittle deformation. However, most of the gold mineralization took place after the deposition of these sulfides. Galena appears somewhat towards the end of gold mineralization, whereas tellurium and bismuth accompanied gold contemporaneously. The gold mineralization occurred most probably due to the metamorphogenic deformational origin concentrated mostly in the shear zone. The mineralization is strongly controlled by the wall rock (e.g. graphitic shale), the sulfide minerals and fluid–rock interaction.     

胶东唐家沟金矿床矿化富集规律探析

唐家沟金矿为胶东牟平乳山金矿带西南段的一个中型金矿床。矿区内出露地层主要为古元古代荆山群变质岩及新生代第四系,构造以古元古代褶皱构造和中生代断裂构造为主,其中含金矿化蚀变带受NNE 向断裂控制。主要矿体呈NNE向展布,矿石类型主要为黄铁矿化石英脉和黄铁矿化碎裂岩,主要矿体厚度与品位呈正相关关系,矿化具多期活动特点。研究发现控矿构造与其他构造交会处以及控矿构造的拐弯处是储矿的有利部位,矿化蚀变叠加地段,预示着深部成矿可能性极大。找矿预测NNE向金矿化断裂构造与硫化物富集带及隐伏断层交会部位、残留荆山群地层与侵入岩接触部位为成矿的有利地带。     

青海东部查明一大型微细浸染型金矿床

加吾金矿位于青海省东部同德县境内,是武警黄金部队近年来发现的又一处具大型规模的金矿床。该矿床在大地构造位置上处于西秦岭与东昆仑的衔接部位。矿体赋存于中下三叠统中,在平面上呈舒缓波状,在剖面上为脉状、似层状。矿石中金属矿物主要为黄铁矿和毒砂,金主要以微细粒分布于石英裂隙和毒砂、黄铁矿等矿物粒间。区内中下三叠统隆务河群板岩中的金丰度值和有机碳含量高,是有利的赋矿层位。矿体产于北西向和近东西向构造蚀变带内,受区内断裂带控制明显。矿体在空间上与印支期中酸性岩浆岩相伴产出。研究表明,该矿床为受构造蚀变带控制的、与沉积作用和岩浆活动有成因联系的微细浸染型金矿床。截止目前,该矿共计探明金矿脉22条,累计提交金资源量超过20t。该矿的发现和评价对指导青海东部微细浸染型金矿找矿具有重要的示范意义。     

甘肃省肃北县乌龙泉金矿地质特征及成因探讨

乌龙泉金矿位于塔里木板块敦煌元古代隆起,小西弓—帐房山华里西—印支期金钨成矿带上,矿区已发现的金矿体产于古元古代敦煌岩群绢云石英片岩和变安山岩之间断裂破碎带中。断裂是成矿最主要的控制因素,沿断裂破碎带有含金石英脉充填。矿区岩浆活动频繁,具有多期性特点,多呈NWW向分布于矿区的南、北两侧。矿床具黄铁矿化、硅化、黄铁绢英岩化、绢云母化、绿泥石化及高岭土化、碳酸盐化等中低温热液蚀变组合,初步认为该矿床为岩浆热液+石英脉型金矿。     

Fluid Geochemistry and Metallogenesis of the Hatu Gold Deposit in the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang

The Hatu large gold deposit is located on the western margin of the Junggar basin, Xinjiang. Its mineralization is characterized by auriferous quartz veins and Au-bearing altered fracturing zones. Studies on mineralogy, inclusions and decrepitation temperature indicate that the gold deposit was formed by overlapping of two kinds of fluid of different origins, instead of gradual evolution of a single fluid. The auriferous quartz veins are related to magmatism-originated fluid, but the Au-bearing altered fracturing zones to deep-derived fluid. Bonanzas in quartz veins were formed and localized at overlapping positions of two types of fluid under intensive compression.     

Geology and Hydrothermal Alteration of the Low Sulfidation

Abstract. The Pantingan Gold System (PGS) is a vein-type epithermal prospect exposed within the summit caldera of Mount Mariveles, Bagac, Bataan (Luzon), Philippines. It consists of nine major veins, eight of which trend NW-WNW and distributed in an en echelon array. The eastern tips of these veins appear to terminate near the NE-NNE trending Vein 1, which is located in the easternmost portion of the prospect. Metal assay results on vein and wall rock samples indicate concentrations of 0.01 to 1.1 g/ton Au, trace to 34 g/ton Ag and 0.003 to 0.02 % Cu. Andesite lava flow deposits host the PGS. Potassium-Argon isotopic dating of these andesites yields anarrow age range of 0.88± 0.13 to 1.13 ± 0.17 Ma. The surface exposures of the veins (up to 5 m wide) are encountered at different levels between 590–740 masl. These commonly display a massive texture although banding prominently occurs in Vein 1. The veins consist of gray to cream-colored crystalline and chalcedonic quartz and amorphous silica. Pyrite is the most ubiquitous sulfide mineral. It occurs either as fine-grained disseminations and aggregates in quartz or as infillings in vugs. Calcite, marcasite and bornite are also occasionally noted in the deposit. The prospect shows silicic, argillic, propylitic and advanced argillic alteration zones. Silicic and argillic alterations are confined in the immediate wall rocks of the quartz veins. Argillic alteration grades to a propylitic zone farther away from the veins. The advanced argillic alteration zone, indicated by a suite of acidic clay minerals that include kaolin-ite, dickite, pyrophyllite and alunite, might have been imprinted during the late stages of gold deposition. As a whole, the PGS displays geological and mineralogical features typical of gold mineralization in a low sulfidation, epithermal environment. It is also representative of a young, tectonically undisturbed gold deposit.     

桂东大瑶山成矿带古木口金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

古木口金矿是在桂东大瑶山成矿带上发现的首例中型规模以上高品位金矿,其矿床类型属于中低温岩浆热液型。该金矿矿体呈似层状、脉状、透镜状产出,受断裂、成矿结构面及构造蚀变带控制,矿床在垂向和横向上具有石英脉型、破碎蚀变岩型及斑岩型分带特征。为及时总结矿区勘查新成果,推动该区找矿新突破,研究矿体与寒武系含碳细碎屑岩系、层间引张型走滑转换断裂、花岗闪长斑岩组合要素的空间关系,以及近矿围岩蚀变矿物组合标志、土壤化探异常等成矿综合信息;运用土壤地球化学测量及异常带槽探、钻探揭露等综合找矿方法,在总结分析了矿区地质-地球化学特征及矿化时空分布规律的基础上,提出了该区带的找矿方向。结果显示,该矿区深部及外围具有较好的找矿前景,特别是北西向断裂、引张型走滑转换断裂、伸展型脆-韧性剪切异常带利于寻找破碎带蚀变岩型富金矿,其构造相对封闭环境的深部是寻找斑岩型金矿的有利地段。     

甘肃寨上金矿床成矿特征与形成机理

位于西秦岭礼(县)-岷(县)成矿带西段的寨上金矿床,是近年发现的一个大型微细浸染型金矿床。矿床赋存于中泥盆统和下二叠统,为一套由石英砂岩、粉砂岩、钙质板岩和灰岩组成的浊积岩建造。金矿体明显受断裂构造的控制。矿石中矿物组成相当丰富,既有大量硫化物、硫盐、氧化物、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、钨酸盐,又有碲化物、自然金属及多金属互化物。矿石中矿物种类较多、组成较复杂以及存在显微自然金,是寨上金矿床的特色。稀土元素配分型式以及硫、铅、碳、氧、氢等同位素组成等表明,成矿金属物质、硫和碳主要来自赋矿岩石和下伏地层,同时还有深部岩浆物质的参与。成矿溶液主要来自加热的循环地下水。矿化和蚀变作用是在水/岩比值较低的体系中进行的。成矿温度主要集中在120～240℃范围内。赋矿围岩中含Fe碳酸盐矿物溶解释放Fe以及溶解Fe的大量硫化物化,是寨上金矿床中存在显微可见自然金的最重要因素和金沉淀富集的有利条件。     

Discovery and exploration of the Gosowong epithermal gold deposit, Halmahera, Indonesia

The Gosowong epithermal gold deposit, on the island of Halmahera in eastern Indonesia, is located in an area of primary tropical rain forest with no previous history of gold mining or record of gold mineralisation. The deposit occurs in a newly recognised mineral district which contains a number of epithermal vein systems and at least two centres of low-grade porphyry style Cu–Au mineralisation. Several zones of argillic and advanced argillic alteration have been noted which may be related to additional centres of mineralisation. Gosowong is classified as a low-sulphidation epithermal quartz vein. Bonanza-grade gold–silver mineralisation is developed in shoots over a 400-m strike section of the vein system. Three types of veining are recognized; quartz–adularia veins and breccias; quartz–chlorite–illite veins and breccias; and crystalline or chalcedonic quartz vein stockworks. The area was targetted using a simple geological concept and the deposit was discovered and tested using basic exploration techniques commonly applied in the rugged tropical terrains of Indonesia. Sequential exploration methods comprised reconnaissance drainage sampling of stream sediment, BLEG and float media, ridge and spur soil sampling, prospect scale grid soil sampling, hand trenching and diamond drilling. Lapse time from identification of the initial reconnaissance anomaly to an inferred resource estimate of almost 1 million ounces of gold was less than 3.5 years. This case history illustrates that very detailed exploration is necessary to locate high-grade vein-type gold deposits in a tropical environment, but demonstrates that such resources still remain to be discovered in the relatively under-explored Neogene magmatic arcs of Indonesia.     

山东龙口大磨曲家金矿地质及地球物理地球化学特征

山东龙口市大磨曲家金矿区位于沂沭断裂带东侧,招平成矿带北端,玲珑金矿田东风矿床北东段。区内控矿赋矿构造为NE向断裂带及派生、伴生次级断裂,两组或多组断裂构造的叠加交汇处是金成矿的最有利部位。石英脉型或蚀变岩型金矿床在含矿带上出现次级高阻的石英脉或者次级高阻的硅化带及绢英岩化带,而次级高阻、高极化率局部异常是该区矿脉异常的基本特征。通过对该区地质暨地球物理、地球化学特征的分析,建立了找矿标志。     

北祁连西段牛毛泉东金矿地质特征、成矿时代及成因分析

牛毛泉东金矿位于北祁连造山带与阿尔金断裂的结合部位,该地区被誉为西北的"金三角"。牛毛泉东金矿为该地区近年来新发现的受脆韧性剪切带控制的金矿床,金矿体产于阴沟群安山质凝灰岩、安山质凝灰熔岩中的近东西向脆韧性剪切蚀变带,矿化受构造控制显著,成矿具有多阶段性,金主要形成于硫化物-石英-金矿化阶段。矿脉两侧热液蚀变强烈,与成矿有关的蚀变主要为硅化。通过石英流体包裹体测得金矿石中流体包裹体的均一温度112～191℃;成矿流体盐度0.35%～7.86%,平均4.77%;密度为0.92～0.96 g/cm^3,平均0.95 g/cm^3,显示成矿流体具有浅层低温热液特征。对黄铁绢英岩型矿石中绢云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar测年获得坪年龄为(296.7±2.8) Ma,对应于北祁连陆内伸展拉张构造演化过程。矿床的地质特征及成矿时代与邻近的寒山金矿类似,并受同一条韧性脆性断裂构造带控制,均为低硫浅成低温热液型金矿,主成矿时代为华力西晚期。牛毛泉东金矿的发现及成因研究对指导区域找矿方向具有重要的意义。     

Structural setting, hydrothermal alteration, and gold mineralisation at the Archaean syenite-hosted Jupiter deposit, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia

The Jupiter gold deposit in the northeastern Eastern Goldfields Province of the Yilgarn Craton of Western Australia is hosted in greenschist facies metamorphosed tholeiitic basalt, quartz–alkali-feldspar syenite, and quartz–feldspar porphyry. Syenite intrudes basalt as irregularly shaped dykes which radiate from a larger stock, whereas at least three E–W and NE–SW striking quartz–feldspar porphyries intrude both syenite and basalt. Brittle–ductile shear zones are shallow-dipping, NW to NE striking, or are steep-dipping to the south and west. Quartz ± carbonate veins that host gold at Jupiter occur in all lithologies and are divided into: (1) veins that are restricted to the shear zones, (2) discrete veins that are subparallel to shear zone-hosted veins, and (3) stockwork veins that form a network of randomly oriented microfractures in syenite wallrock proximal to shallow-dipping shear zones. The gold-bearing veins comprise mainly quartz, calcite, ankerite, and albite, with minor sericite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, molybdenite, telluride minerals, and gold. Proximal hydrothermal alteration zones to the mineralised veins comprise quartz, calcite, ankerite, albite, and sericite. High gold grades (>2 g/t Au) occur mainly in syenite and in the hanging walls to shallow-dipping shear zones in syenite where there is a greater density of mineralised stockwork veins. The Jupiter deposit has structural and hydrothermal alteration styles that are similar to both granitoid-hosted, but post-magmatic Archaean lode-gold deposits in the Yilgarn Craton and intrusion-related, syn-magmatic, syenite-hosted gold deposits in the Superior Province of Canada. Based on field observations and petrologic data, the Jupiter deposit is considered to be a post-magmatic Archaean lode-gold deposit rather than a syn-intrusion deposit. Received: 5 January 1999 / Accepted: 24 December 1999     

辽南隈子金矿床石英脉含金性的红外光谱评价及找矿前景分析

石英是石英脉型金矿床中金矿物的主要载体矿物，其含金量与其包裹体中水和二氧化碳的相对光密度Ｄ１，Ｄ２密切相关，利用红外光谱法研究矿区已知含金石金石英脉石英的标型特征，确定矿区石英脉含金性评价准则，不仅能帮助分析含金石英脉的成矿远景，而且可判别石英脉是否含金，从而减少金品位化学分析的工作量，提高找金效果，是金矿普查勘探中行之有效的找金手段之一。