Constraints on the onset age of the Sturtian glaciation from the Southeast Yangtze Block,South China

ABSTRACT

The Neoproterozoic glaciations represent a milestone in the Earth evolution due to their influence on atmosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere. Evidence for the Sturtian glaciation, the early stage of Cryogenian, has been recorded worldwide, but the precise timing and synchroneity of its counterpart, the Chang’an glaciation, in South China have been controversial. As such, new zircon U–Pb ages from the pre-Sturtian Gongdong Formation and the overlying the Chang’an Formation in southeastern Yangtze Block were reported. The youngest U–Pb zircon age from a tuff sample of the topmost Gongdong Formation was 716.8 ± 6.8 Ma, and that from a sandstone sample of the lower Chang’an Formation was 725.9 ± 4.4 Ma. The zircon weighted mean age of 716.8 ± 6.8 Ma was interpreted as the maximum depositional age of the termination of the Danzhou Group. This age, along with the ages reported from the bottom of the Danzhou Group, constrains deposition of the Danzhou Group to between ca. 820 Ma and ca. 715 Ma. The age of 716.8 ± 6.8 Ma from the top of the Gongdong Formation is consistent with the SIMS U-Pb age of 715.9 ± 2.8 Ma from the Sibao section, as well as ages from the Banxi Group, Liantuo Group, and Kaijianqiao Formation in the Yangtze Block, which further constrain the onset time of the Sturtian glaciation in South China at ca. 715 Ma. It is also, with uncertainties, consistent with ages from pre-Sturtian strata in Laurentia and Oman, which indicates a global synchroneity and extent for the Sturtian glaciation.     

New U-Pb age constraints on the upper Banxi Group and synchrony of the Sturtian glaciation in South China

The Nanhua basin in South China hosts well-preserved middle–late Neoproterozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks that are critical for studying the basin evolution, the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia, the nature and dynamics of the “snowball” Earth and diversification of metazoans. Establishing a stratigraphic framework is crucial for better understanding the interactions between tectonic, paleoclimatic and biotic events recorded in the Nanhua basin, but existing stratigraphic correlations remain debated, particularly for pre-Ediacaran strata. Here we report new Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) U-Pb zircon ages from the middle and topmost Wuqiangxi Formation (the upper stratigraphic unit of the Banxi Group) in Siduping, Hunan Province, South China. Two samples show similar age distribution, with two major peaks at ca. 820 Ma and 780 Ma and one minor peak at ca. 910 Ma, suggesting that the Wuqiangxi sandstone was mainly sourced from Neoproterozoic rocks. Two major age peaks correspond to two phases of magmatic events associated with the rifting of the Nanhua basin, and the minor peak at ca. 910 Ma may correspond to the Shuangxiwu volcanic arc magmatism, which represents pre-collision/amalgamation subduction on the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Block. The youngest zircon group from the topmost Wuqiangxi Formation has a weighted mean age of 714.6 ± 5.2 Ma, which is likely close to the depositional age of the uppermost Banxi Group. This age, along with the ages reported from other sections, constrains that the Banxi Group was deposited between ca. 820 Ma and ca. 715 Ma. The age of 714.6 ± 5.2 Ma from the top of the Wuqiangxi Formation is indistinguishable with the SIMS U-Pb age of 715.9 ± 2.8 Ma from the upper Gongdong Formation in the Sibao village section of northern Guangxi, South China. It is also, within uncertainties, overlapped with two TIMS U-Pb ages from pre-Sturtian strata in Oman and Canada. These ages indicate that the Jiangkou (Sturtian) glaciation in South China started at ca. 715 Ma instead of ca. 780 Ma and support a globally synchronous initiation of the Sturtian glaciation at ca. 715 Ma.     

华南扬子陆块成冰纪冰川作用的启动时限及其全球对比*

江口冰期和南沱冰期是华南地区引人注目的2次成冰纪冰川事件,但其确切启动时间及其全球对比关系仍未有定论。为此,对桂北地区成冰系(南华系)长安组底部和南沱组底部冰成杂砾岩开展了碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究。长安组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄集中分布于958—717 Ma,显著峰值为720、753、805及848 Ma,最年轻一组 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 年龄的加权平均值为719.6±6.1 Ma,可解释为长安组最大沉积年龄;南沱组碎屑锆石U-Pb 年龄集中分布于987—649 Ma,显著峰值为650、720、753、779、803、823及848 Ma,最年轻一组 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 年龄的加权平均值为649.3±6.2 Ma,可解释为南沱组最大沉积年龄。结合已发表的相关年龄数据可知,江口冰期很可能启动于ca.715 Ma,与塔里木、阿拉伯—努比亚、劳伦等陆块的Sturtian冰川作用高度同步;南沱冰期的启动应晚于650 Ma,与西伯利亚、澳大利亚、劳伦等陆块的Marinoan冰川作用基本同步。另外,碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱与CL图像显示,长安组和南沱组的物质来源主要为下伏新元古界岩浆—沉积记录,揭示出冰川对下伏地层的强烈刨蚀作用和华南新元古代幕式构造岩浆热事件。扬子陆块成冰纪冰川刨蚀作用可能与Rodinia 超大陆“裂离”有关的强烈伸展活动存在联系,并可能持续至Marinoan 冰期结束。     

滇中新元古代澄江组层型剖面锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

澄江组是华南新元古代地层中的重要地层单元之一,其确切沉积时限对于建立和完善华南新元古代区域地层格架具有关键意义。对滇中澄江组层型剖面顶部的凝灰岩夹层进行高精度SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年研究,获得3组有效的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄值,其分别为(819±14)Ma(MSWD=0.15)、(781±11)Ma(MSWD=0.24)和(725±11)Ma(MSWD=0.65)。其中,最年轻的一组年龄值(725±11)Ma被解释为澄江组顶部凝灰岩夹层的形成时间,可以代表滇中澄江组的顶界年龄,从而进一步确认澄江组的沉积时限为800～725 Ma。结合相关研究资料,证实澄江组与开建桥组、莲沱组的沉积时限基本相当,三者与下冰期长安组不存在对比关系,而应与冰期前板溪群的上部进行对比。此外,推测两组年龄值较老的锆石可能是与新元古代罗迪尼亚(Rodinia)超大陆裂解有关的幕式岩浆活动的记录。     

鄂西走马地区大塘坡组顶部泥岩碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年龄及其地质意义

地球在新元古代经历了Rodinia超大陆的聚合和解体,并发生了Sturtian和Marinoan两期全球规模的冰川事件。华南地区南华系古城组和南沱组冰碛岩分别对应Sturtian冰期和Marinoan冰期沉积记录,大塘坡组属于其间冰期沉积。对鄂西走马地区大塘坡组顶部泥岩中的碎屑锆石进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,锆石具有高Th/U比值(0.47～1.69),并显示明显的振荡环带,为岩浆成因;62颗锆石的62个数据点分析,获得的60个谐和年龄分布在651～2435Ma,主要峰值为～794Ma。最年轻单颗锆石U-Pb年龄651±7.7Ma,结合前人研究认为华南地区Marinoan冰期启动时间应晚于651Ma;碎屑锆石为亲扬子型,可能来自鄂中古陆和扬子北缘;分布最集中的751～851Ma年龄段内～850Ma峰值记录了扬子地台与华夏褶皱带碰撞拼合事件,而～820Ma、～800Ma、～760Ma等峰值则揭示了与Rodinia超大陆解体有关的幕式岩浆活动。     

桂北地区丹洲群锆石U-Pb年代学及对华南新元古代裂谷作用期次的启示

桂北地区丹洲群是南华裂谷盆地南段的一套连续裂谷充填沉积,厘定各组沉积时限及区域地层关系,对理解华南新元古代裂谷作用期次具有重要意义。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得丹洲群合桐组二段和拱洞组底部凝灰岩夹层形成年龄分别为801±4 Ma和781±5 Ma。研究表明,丹洲群白竹组和合桐组一段与下江群甲路组和乌叶组、板溪群沧水铺组和马底驿组、西乡群孙家河组及陆良组一段相当,沉积时限为820~800 Ma;合桐组二段与下江群番召组相当,沉积时限为800~780 Ma;拱洞组可与下江群清水江组、平略组和隆里组,板溪群五强溪组中上部和牛牯坪组,西乡群大石沟组中上部和三郎铺组,陆良组二段及澄江组、开建桥组、莲沱组、虹赤村组和上墅组的中上部直接对比,沉积时限为780~725 Ma。华南新元古代裂谷盆地系统的典型地层锆石年龄存在5组高峰,峰值年龄分别为818±2 Ma、802±1 Ma、780±4 Ma、756±4 Ma及728±5 Ma。综合华南新元古代岩浆活动特征及盆地沉积演化过程,确定华南新元古代裂谷作用可分为两期:820~800 Ma和800~725 Ma。此外,华南新元古代岩浆活动与裂谷作用之间存在明显的耦合关系,但各期岩浆活动对各裂谷盆地的影响程度存在差异。     

扬子地块西南缘大红山群老厂河组变质火山岩的锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

大红山群是扬子地台西缘相对较老的地层单元,普遍经历了绿片岩相-低角闪岩相变质作用。其中部的曼岗河组、红山组已获得古元古代晚期～1.68Ga的成岩年龄,其底部的老厂河组却未有相关年龄的报道。大红山群的变质时代目前也无精确的年龄结果。本文以老厂河组厚层变质沉积岩中的薄层变质火山岩样品为研究对象,在岩相学研究的基础上,运用LA-ICP-MS方法对变质火山岩锆石进行原位U-Pb同位素定年及相关的微量、稀土元素测试,获得变质火山岩的原岩年龄和变质年龄:(1)老厂河组变质中酸性岩和变质基性岩中岩浆锆石微区的207Pb/206Pb加权平均年龄分别为1711±4Ma和1686±4Ma,限定老厂河组的形成年龄范围为1711～1686Ma;(2)变质基性岩(石榴斜长角闪岩)中变质锆石的206Pb/238U年龄为849±12Ma。本文结果表明,大红山群的形成时代可提早至1711±4Ma,又一次证明了扬子地台西缘古老结晶基底的存在;大红山群在～850Ma经历了一期新元古代变质事件,这期变质可能是与扬子地台西缘新元古代岩浆事件有关的区域变质事件。     

Age and nature of Cryogenian diamictites at Aksu,Northwest China: implications for Sturtian tectonics and climate

The Neoproterozoic succession in the Aksu region of northwestern China forms an unconformable boundary with the lower Precambrian Aksu basement group and consists of the Qiaoenbrak, Yuermeinak, Sugetbrak, and Chigebrak Formations. The two lowermost units include distinct glaciogenic diamictites that indicate distinct episodes of glaciation. In this study, we report the LA-ICP-MS U–Pb ages of detrital zircons and geochemical data from the lower Neoproterozoic strata. The age of the detrital zircon constrains the maximum depositional age to between 769 ± 10 and 727 ± 8 Ma for the Qiaoenbrak diamictites, which are associated with the Kaigas glaciation that occurred during the early Cryogenian period. The youngest detrital zircon age of 719 ± 9 Ma corresponds to the maximum depositional age of the Yuermeinak diamictites, which are associated with the Sturtian glaciation. The detrital zircons from the lower Neoproterozoic strata in the Aksu area indicated four peak ages of 2484, 1948, 861, and 647–581 Ma, which are consistent with the major tectonic episodes in the Tarim Block. The peak age of 2484 Ma represents an Archaean basement, which participated in the worldwide continental nuclei growth event from the late Neoarchaean to the early Palaeoproterozoic. The peak age of 1948 Ma may be associated with the assembly of the Columbia supercontinent, and the 861 and 647–581 Ma are likely associated with the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent. The combination of geological and geochemical characteristics between the Qiaoenbrak Formation and Aksu Group indicates that the Qiaoenbrak Formation may be penecontemporaneous with the Aksu Group in an active continental margin tectonic setting. Following the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent, the margin of the Aksu evolved into a passive margin and the Yuermeinak and Sugetbrak Formations were deposited.     

华南南华系年代地层学研究进展

华南南华系对应于国际上的成冰系,关于其沉积时限长期存在争议。近十余年来,通过高精度锆石U-Pb定年,已经基本敲定南华系的重要时间节点。长安组底界年龄被限定在ca. 717 Ma,莲沱组顶部沉积时间被限定在ca. 714 Ma。长安冰期中期暂时冰退的时间被限定在ca. 690 Ma,冰期终止时间限定在ca. 659 Ma。小行星撞击地球可能导致了长安冰期中期的暂时冰退,这期间形成的风暴沉积构造和丘状交错层理可以提供最直接的沉积学证据。结合世界其它地区报道的年龄,斯图特（长安）冰期的起止时间限定在了717～659 Ma。马力诺（南沱）冰期的启动时间被大致限定为649 Ma,终止时间被限定在ca. 635 Ma。结合世界其它地区年龄数据,马力诺冰期的启动时间可限定在649～639 Ma。随着后续工作的深入,马力诺冰期的启动时间范围应会被进一步缩小。华南南华系沉积时限的准确厘定对于理解全球成冰纪地质-生物-环境事件具有重要意义。马力诺冰期持续时间约14 Myr,远远小于长安冰期的持续时间（约58 Myr）。冰期末期大规模岩浆作用是导致这两次冰期持续时间不同的直接原因。通过模拟计算发现,扬子北缘...     

Depositional age and correlation of the Oonah Formation: refining the timing of Neoproterozoic basin formation in Tasmania

The Proterozoic Oonah Formation comprises a thick sequence of turbidites and mafic rocks that is widely exposed in western and northern Tasmania. The regional significance of the Oonah Formation is poorly understood as its contacts are faulted and estimates of its depositional age range from 1450 Ma to 700 Ma. Here we refine the depositional age of the Oonah Formation and clarify its relationship to other Proterozoic sequences in Tasmania. Magmatic apatite from the syn-sedimentary Cooee Dolerite has a ²⁰⁷Pb-corrected ²³⁸U/²⁰⁶Pb age of 733 ± 9 Ma that provides a robust estimate of the depositional age of the Oonah Formation. The Oonah Formation contains abundant 750 Ma detrital monazite and has detrital zircon age populations at 1800–1700 Ma, 1590 Ma, and 1450 Ma. The new age and provenance data support the interpretation that the Oonah Formation is a lateral equivalent of the base of the Togari Group and correlatives in Tasmania. We demonstrate that the stratigraphy and provenance of Neoproterozoic strata in Tasmania differ from time-equivalent sequences in Adelaide Rift Complex but are similar to the Pahrump Group (Death Valley, California) and the Cobham Formation (Transantarctic Mountains), which supports a southwest Laurentia—Tasmania—East Antarctica connection within supercontinent Rodinia.     

南辽河群盖县组的重新厘定:来自辽南地区黄花甸-苏子沟一带变质砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

传统认为辽河群顶部的盖县组广泛分布于辽南地区。本文对岫岩县黄花甸-苏子沟一带的南辽河群盖县组变质长石石英砂岩和变质石英砂岩进行了LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究。其中变质长石石英砂岩中碎屑锆石普遍发育核-边结构,核部具有清晰的振荡环带;变质石英砂岩中碎屑锆石基本无核-边结构,具有清晰或者略模糊的振荡环带。锆石微量元素分析结果显示,具有振荡环带锆石微区具有轻稀土元素(LREE)亏损、重稀土元素(HREE)相对富集的配分曲线特征,Ce正异常和Eu负异常明显,Th/U和Zr/Hf比值较高,表明其岩浆成因。变质长石石英砂岩岩浆成因锆石微区~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb谐和年龄集中于2506～1748Ma之间,且呈现～2178Ma和～1863Ma两个年龄主峰,表明主要物质来源为同时期花岗质岩石(条痕状花岗岩和斑状花岗岩);变质石英砂岩岩浆成因锆石微区~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb谐和年龄集中于3546～1950Ma之间,呈现～2149Ma年龄主峰值,表明主要物质来源为条痕状花岗岩,另有少量太古宙基底物质的加入。研究区变质长石石英砂岩～1.86Ga的年龄峰值与辽河群其它变沉积岩明显不同,表明沉积时代一定晚于～1.86Ga,即形成于辽河群古元古代变质作用之后。综合研究区盖县组变质长石石英砂岩与辽河群其它变沉积岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄的差异,我们建议将盖县组部分变沉积岩从辽河群中解体出来。     

大兴安岭扎兰屯地区前寒武纪变质岩系年龄及其构造意义

大兴安岭扎兰屯地区出露较多的前寒武纪变质岩系,包括先前认为是古元古代的兴华渡口群、新元古代的佳疙瘩组和新元古代—早寒武世的倭勒根岩群,但一直缺少精确的年代学依据。通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,对这3个变质岩群的原岩时代进行了厘定。结果显示,兴华渡口群中绿泥石白云母片岩的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为520.1±4.3Ma(n=11,MSWD=1.6),佳疙瘩组中长英质糜棱岩锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为512.0±2.9Ma,倭勒根岩群中绿泥绢云片岩最年轻锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为491.7±11.9Ma,年龄最密集区加权平均值为516.7±4.5Ma。锆石图像特征及Th/U值均显示岩浆型锆石特征。综上所述,扎兰屯地区出露的兴华渡口群、佳疙瘩组和倭勒根群形成时代均为早古生代早期,而非先前认为的"前寒武纪"。同时,上述年龄谱系表明,该地区在480~500Ma和500~530Ma存在2期强烈的岩浆活动,应与东北地区晚泛非期岩浆-变质事件有关。     

西准噶尔包古图地区地层火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究

包古图地区位于西准噶尔东南部,区内出露地层主要为石炭系太勒古拉组、包古图组和希贝库拉斯组,为一套巨厚的半深海相-大陆坡相火山-火山碎屑沉积建造。这套地层的时代归属和地层层序长期以来一直存在争议。本文报导了包古图地区实测地层剖面,并从太勒古拉组玄武岩和包古图组及希贝库拉斯组凝灰岩中分别选出锆石,进行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,获得²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄分别为357.5±5.4Ma、332.1±3.0Ma和336.3±2.5Ma。由此确定这套地层属于早石炭世的杜内阶到维宪阶,由下到上依次为太勒古拉组、包古图组和希贝库拉斯组。     

New LA-ICPMS U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Highland Complex: insights into late Cryogenian to early Cambrian (ca. 665–535 Ma) linkage between Sri Lanka and India

ABSTRACT

Here we report new LA-ICPMS U–Pb zircon geochronology of ultrahigh temperature (UHT) metasedimentary rocks and associated crystallized melt patches, from the central Highland Complex (HC), Sri Lanka. The detrital zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age spectra range between 2834 ± 12 and 722 ± 14 Ma, evidencing new and younger depositional ages of sedimentary protoliths than those known so far in the HC. The overgrowth domains of zircons in these UHT granulites yield weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age clusters from 665.5 ± 5.9 to 534 ± 10 Ma, identified as new metamorphic ages of the metasediments in the HC. The zircon ages of crystallized in situ melt patches associated with UHT granulites yield tight clusters of weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages from 558 ± 1.6 to 534 ± 2.4 Ma. Thus, using our results coupled with recently published geochronological data, we suggest a new geochronological framework for the evolutionary history of the metasedimentary package of the HC. The Neoarchean to Neoproterozoic ages of detrital zircons indicate that the metasedimentary package of the HC has derived from ancient multiple age provenances and deposited during the Neoproterozoic Era. Hence, previously reported upper intercept ages of ca. 2000–1800 Ma from metaigneous rocks should be considered as geochronological evidence for existence of a Palaeoproterozoic igneous basement which possibly served as a platform for the deposition of younger supracrustal rocks, rather than timing of magmatic intrusions into the already deposited ancient sediments, as has been conventionally interpreted. The intense reworking of entire Palaeoproterozoic basement rocks in the Gondwana Supercontinent assembly may have caused sediments of multiple ages and provenances to incorporate within supra-crustal sequences of the HC. Further, our data supports a convincing geochronological correlation between the HC of Sri Lanka and the Trivandrum Block of Southern India, disclosing the Gondwanian linkage between the HC of Sri Lanka and Southern Granulite Terrain of India.     

塔里木板块上元古界火山岩SHRIMP定年及其对新元古代冰期时代的制约

新疆库鲁克塔格地区贝义西组顶部火山岩锆石的SHRIMP定年结果为732±7Ma,它表明贝义西冰期的上限。考虑该组杂砾岩之下火山岩已有的定年结果,贝义西冰期的时限为740~732Ma。综合上元古界三层火山岩SHRIMP定年结果,可以明确地将库鲁克塔格地区上元古界四个含杂砾岩的组限定在三个时间段内,即740Ma到732Ma的贝义西组,732Ma到615Ma之间的阿勒通沟组和特瑞爱肯组,以及615Ma到542Ma之间的汉格尔乔克组,这些年龄段代表了库鲁克塔格地区新元古代各冰期的时代范围。与冰期有关的同位素年代学资料分析表明,贝义西冰期可与Kaigas冰期对比; 阿勒通沟冰期和特瑞爱肯冰期可能与Sturtian冰期和Elatina冰期对比; 而汉格尔乔克冰期和Gaskiers冰期可以对比。     

A LA-ICP-MS Comparison of Reference Materials Used in Cassiterite U-Pb Geochronology

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is used to compare the suitability of four cassiterite (SnO₂) materials (SPG, Yankee, AY-4 and Jian-1), and three matrix-mismatched reference materials (NIST SRM 612, NIST SRM 614 and 91500 zircon) for normalisation of U-Pb and Pb-Pb isotope ratios in cassiterite. The excess variance of ages determined by LA-ICP-MS is estimated to be ±0.33% for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb vs. ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb isochron ages and ± 1.8% and for U-Pb ages. Incorporation of this excess variance in cassiterite ages is necessary for realistic uncertainties. ²⁰⁷Pb-²⁰⁶Pb ages are advantageous for dating Precambrian cassiterite such as SPG compared with U-Pb ages as matrix effect on instrumental mass fractionation of Pb isotopes are generally considered to be minor. We note minor bias in ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb vs. ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁶Pb isochron ages (~ 0.6%) when using either the NIST SRM 614 or 91500 zircon reference materials and emphasise the requirement for uncertainty propagation of all sources of error and reference materials with comparable U and Pb mass fraction to the cassiterite. The ²³⁸U/²⁰⁶Pb isotopic ratios from normalisation to matrix-mismatched reference materials show varied results, which emphasises the need to use matrix-matched reference materials for calculating U-Pb ages. When cross-calibrated against each other, LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of the ca. 1535 Ma SPG, ca. 245 Ma Yankee and ca. 155 Ma Jian-1 cassiterites are all consistent with their ID-TIMS values.     

扬子东南缘两界河组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其对Sturtian冰川作用的启示

扬子东南缘两界河组的岩性以岩屑砂岩和石英砂岩为主,代表了长安冰期和古城冰期之间的间冰期沉积,其沉积时限的厘定对认识华南Sturtian冰期地层的时空分布特征具有重要意义.对黔东地区两界河组碎屑锆石进行了系统的形态学和U-Pb年代学研究,大多数锆石为典型的岩浆锆石,锆石U-Pb年龄主要分布于740~900 Ma,另有少量古元古代和太古宙年龄,主要峰值为~760 Ma、~780 Ma、~800 Ma、~820 Ma和880~900 Ma.在两界河组底部获得最年轻的单颗粒锆石年龄为708±15 Ma,在上部获得最年轻的单颗粒锆石年龄为703±22 Ma,结合区域上相当地层渫水河组的顶部年龄（~690 Ma）,认为黔东地区两界河组的沉积时代应在708~690 Ma之间.两界河组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱记录了扬子陆块新元古代幕式岩浆事件及早期地壳演化的信息,结合锆石形态认为其物质来源可能包括下伏新元古代岩浆岩及沉积地层、扬子西北缘和西南缘的基底岩石.研究区两界河组底部碎屑锆石年龄约束了江口间冰期沉积晚于~708 Ma,考虑到南华纪早期地层分布在一定程度上受控于盆地构造活动,不排除长安冰期沉积物在黔东地区局部存在的可能性.      

新疆阿尔泰南缘大东沟铅锌矿区火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

大东沟铅锌矿位于新疆阿尔泰南缘的克兰盆地,赋存于康布铁堡组上亚组火山-沉积岩系,矿体直接围岩为变质钙质砂岩及不纯的大理岩,矿体呈层状、似层状、透镜状分布,与地层产状一致。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年法,获得矿区2件康布铁堡组上亚组变质流纹岩加权平均年龄分别为(388.9±3.2)Ma(MSWD=3.3)和(400.7±1.6)Ma(MSWD=1.3)。结合前人的年龄数据,将克兰盆地康布铁堡组的时代厘定为晚志留世末期至早泥盆世(413~389 Ma)。大东沟铅锌矿为火山岩容矿的喷流沉积型矿床(VMS),2件变质流纹岩年龄限定大东沟铅锌矿的成矿作用发生在早泥盆世(401~389 Ma)。     

中国大陆地壳单颗粒锆石U-Pb年代学特征:国内文献数据的初步分析

锆石U-Pb年代学方法已经成为地质学研究必不可少的方法。本文收集整理了二十世纪八十年代以来分散在期刊论文、学位论文等多种出版载体中的锆石U-Pb年代学数据,建成中国大陆单颗粒锆石数据库中文子库。该数据子库涉及截至到2017年底的文献2331篇,有效数据154768条目,数据总量已经能够用来进行数据的初步分析和相关地球科学研究。数据子库中年龄-年龄绝对误差关系的分析表明,Age(~(206)Pb/~(238)U)、Age(~(207)Pb/~(235)U)、Age(~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb)在不同的地质年代区间误差表现有所不同。在小于1684.4Ma、1684.4~2855.2Ma、大于2855.2Ma年龄区Age(~(206)Pb/~(238)U)、Age(~(207)Pb/~(235)U)、Age(~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb)的误差最小、置信度最好,除了Age(~(207)Pb/~(235)U)测试方法的原因外,Age(~(206)Pb/~(238)U)和Age(~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb)可分别作为不同年龄段的推荐年龄。将选用的推荐年龄运用于LA-ICP-MS、SHRIMP、SIMS三种方法的比较,得出其适用于不同地质年代的范围。推荐年龄运用于年龄-频数图中并使用高斯多峰拟合,则可发现中国大陆锆石存在6个生长峰期,分别为131.71Ma、255.17Ma、442.42Ma、811.56Ma、1868.36Ma和2505.31Ma等;更小尺度下的新生代则存在七个峰期,分别为16.99Ma、27.64Ma、35.26Ma、43.44Ma、48.27Ma、52.74Ma和62.07Ma等,峰期及其对应测试点的位置可与中国大陆地壳演化重大历史事件对应。     

Ionprobe U-Pb zircon ages from the high-pressure/low-temperature mélange of Syros, Greece: age diversity and the importance of pre-Eocene subduction

The Cycladic blueschist belt in the central Aegean Sea has experienced high‐pressure (HP) metamorphism during collisional processes between the Apulian microplate and Eurasia. The general geological and tectonometamorphic framework is well documented, but one aspect which is yet not sufficiently explored is the importance of HP mélanges which occur within volcano‐sedimentary successions. Unresolved issues concern the range in magmatic and metamorphic ages recorded by mélange blocks and the significance of eventual pre‐Eocene HP metamorphism. These aspects are here addressed in a U‐Pb zircon study focusing on the block–matrix association exposed on the island of Syros. Two gneisses from a tectonic slab of this mélange, consisting of an interlayered felsic gneiss‐glaucophanite sequence, yielded zircon ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of 240.1 ± 4.1 and 245.3 ± 4.9 Ma, respectively, similar to Triassic ages determined on zircon in meta‐volcanic rocks from structurally coherent sequences elsewhere in the Cyclades. This strongly suggests that parts of these successions have been incorporated in the mélanges and provides the first geochronological evidence that the provenance of mélange blocks/slabs is neither restricted to a single source nor confined to fragments of oceanic lithosphere. Zircon from a jadeitite and associated alteration zones (omphacitite, glaucophanite and chlorite‐actinolite rock) all yielded identical ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages of c. 80 Ma. Similar Cretaceous U‐Pb zircon ages previously reported for mélange blocks have been interpreted by different authors to reflect magmatic or metamorphic ages. The present study adds a further argument in favour of the view that zircon formed newly in some rock types at c. 80 Ma, due to hydrothermal or metasomatic processes in a subduction zone environment, and supports the interpretation that the Cycladic blueschist belt records both Cretaceous and Eocene HP episodes and not only a single Tertiary HP event.