Late Palaeozoic arc flank and fore‐arc basin sequence of the New England fold belt in the stanage bay region,central Queensland

Devonian and Carboniferous (Yarrol terrane) rocks, Early Permian strata, and Permian‐(?)Triassic plutons outcrop in the Stanage Bay region of the northern New England Fold Belt. The Early‐(?)Middle Devonian Mt Holly Formation consists mainly of coarse volcaniclastic rocks of intermediate‐silicic provenance, and mafic, intermediate and silicic volcanics. Limestone is abundant in the Duke Island, along with a significant component of quartz sandstone on Hunter Island. Most Carboniferous rocks can be placed in two units, the late Tournaisian‐Namurian Campwyn Volcanics, composed of coarse volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks, silicic ash flow tuff and widespread oolitic limestone, and the conformably overlying Neerkol Formation dominated by volcaniclastic sandstone and siltstone with uncommon pebble conglomerate and scattered silicic ash fall tuff. Strata of uncertain stratigraphic affinity are mapped as ‘undifferentiated Carboniferous’. The Early Permian Youlambie Conglomerate unconformably overlies Carboniferous rocks. It consists of mudstone, sandstone and conglomerate, the last containing clasts of Carboniferous sedimentary rocks, diverse volcanics and rare granitic rocks. Intrusive bodies include the altered and variably strained Tynemouth Diorite of possible Devonian age, and a quartz monzonite mass of likely Late Permian or Triassic age.

The rocks of the Yarrol terrane accumulated in shallow (Mt Holly, Campwyn) and deeper (Neerkol) marine conditions proximal to an active magmatic arc which was probably of continental margin type. The Youlambie Conglomerate was deposited unconformably above the Yarrol terrane in a rift basin. Late Permian regional deformation, which involved east‐west horizontal shortening achieved by folding, cleavage formation and east‐over‐west thrusting, increases in intensity towards the east.     

西藏仲巴地区早古生代鹦鹉螺化石的发现及其地质意义

新近在西藏日喀则地区仲巴新县城西北部发现了属于早古生代的头足类鹦鹉螺化石,归属内角石科。化石产于一套钙质片岩、片理化结晶灰岩中,这套岩层原属雅鲁藏布江缝合带中段仲巴微地体中—上二叠统的曲嘎组一段。鹦鹉螺化石的发现为仲巴微地体的地层多样化识别提供了证据,也为曲嘎组的解体提供了重要的支撑材料。进而认为,测区可能会有晚古生代泥盆纪、石炭纪地层,仲巴微地体、拉萨地体、特提斯喜马拉雅地体的早古生带地层可能具有对比性,仲巴微地体在早古生代可能与华北/扬子板块有亲缘关系。     

东昆仑南坡早二叠世灰岩块体的来源与成因探讨

论述了对东昆仑南坡早二叠世灰岩块体的成因的新认识。（１）在前人所称的三叠纪地层中发现了中薄层生物或生物碎屑灰岩,其中产有大量保存完好的早二叠苞类化石,所以该区早二叠世灰岩块体与其周围砂板岩及中薄层灰岩之间应属于同期上沉积。（２）该区早二叠世礁灰岩之下常伴生有砾岩及乐岩,而非礁相灰岩周转则常常缺乏砂砾岩,这种分布特征是礁上体系沉积的必然结果,但很难用推覆体来加以解释。（３）通过对砂砾岩与灰岩块体之间的地层序列研究,发现它们之间属于一种沉积接触关系,而非推覆体的关系,由于该地区早二叠世灰炭块体的成因对于该区大地构造的解释至关重要,因此这些新发发现将引起人们对该区大地构造的演化历史进行了重新思考。     

The Devonian–Lower Carboniferous succession in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia

A new stratigraphic nomenclature is proposed for the approximately 600 m thick, mainly clastic transitional sequence between the underlying Mempelam Limestone and overlying Kubang Pasu/Singa Formation in northwest Peninsular Malaysia. This sequence represents shallow marine deposits of the continental margin of the Sibumasu Terrane during the Middle Palaeozoic (Devonian–Carboniferous). It is separated into several formations. The Timah Tasoh Formation is an approximately 76 m sequence consisting of 40 m of laminated tentaculitid shales at the base, containing Monograptus yukonensis Jackson and Lenz and Nowakia (Turkestanella) acuaria Alberti, giving an Early Devonian (Pragian–Emsian) age, and about 36 m of rhythmically interbedded, light coloured argillo-arenites. The Chepor Formation is about 90 m thick and consists mainly of thick red mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds, of Middle to Late Devonian age. A new limestone unit is recognized and named the Sanai Limestone, which contains conodonts of Famennian age. The Binjal Formation consists of red and white mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds showing Bouma sequences. The Telaga Jatoh Formation is 9 m thick and consists mainly of radiolarian chert. The Wang Kelian Formation is composed of thick red mudstone beds interbedded with silty sandstone, and contain fossils indicative of an Early Carboniferous (Visean) age. The succession was deposited on the outer shelf, with depositional environments vertically fluctuating from prodelta to basinal marine. The Devonian–Carboniferous boundary is exposed at Hutan Aji and Kampung Guar Jentik, and indicates a major regressive event during the latest Devonian.     

Geology of the Hida Gaien Belt in the upper Kuzuryu‐gawa River Area in Ono City,Fukui Prefecture,Central Japan

Geological, paleontological, and geochronological studies of the Hida Gaien Belt were carried out in the upper Kuzuryu‐gawa River area, northern central Japan. The Hida Gaien Belt lies between the Hida and Mino belts of Southwest Japan and is one of the most complex geologic belts in Japan. The geology of the following units in the study area, mostly bounded by longitudinal, high‐angle faults, was particularly reexamined and described: the Ise metamorphic rocks, the Fujikuradani, Tomedoro, Oguradani, Motodo, Ootani, and Konogidani Formations, and the Tetori Group. Among them, the Tomedoro and Konogidani Formations are both composed mainly of greenstone, and were conventionally coupled together as ‘the Tomedoro schalstein member’ or ‘the Konogidani Formation’. However, the conformable relationship between the Tomedoro Formation and overlying Middle Permian Oguradani Formation, and the K–Ar and ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar ages of 75–69 Ma (Late Cretaceous) from the basalt lava of the Konogidani Formation reveal that they are separate formations with different ages. The Oguradani Formation, consisting of limestone, shale, and sandstone with Middle Permian Boreal‐Tethyan mixed brachiopod fauna, is correlated with the Moribu Formation in the Takayama area of the Hida Gaien Belt, and with the Middle Formation of the Maizuru Group in the Maizuru Belt. The Tomedoro Formation below the Oguradani Formation, in turn, is correlated with the Lower Formation of the Maizuru Belt. The new Late Cretaceous age data from the Konogidani Formation and presence of latest Cretaceous, post‐tectonic volcanic rocks in the study area finally indicate that the fault‐bound structure of the Hida Gaien Belt between the Hida and Mino belts was formed in a very short period in Late Cretaceous age.     

古生代海洋碳同位素演化

本文给出对中国古生代海相碳酸盐岩地层的系统的碳同位素研究结果。对密集地采自寒武纪、奥陶纪、泥盆纪、石炭纪和二叠纪5个海相碳酸盐岩地层剖面的681个样品作了碳同位素研究。所得到的古生代海相碳酸盐岩地层δ¹³C值长趋势演化的模式表明,从寒武纪(δ¹³C平均为-0.3‰)到石炭纪(3‰)和二叠纪(3.4‰)逐渐富集¹³C.此变化模式与古生代有机碳的埋藏数量有关,或许与大洋中脊体系的体积变化有关。     

略论塔里木古生代盆地演化

依据所处板块构造位置和地球动力学环境，提出塔里木古生代盆地演化经历了震旦—泥盆纪和石炭—二叠纪两个完整的开合旋回。第一旋回自震旦纪开始张裂形成大陆裂谷，寒武—奥陶纪伸展为被动大陆边缘，志留—泥盆纪俯冲消减，泥盆纪晚期碰撞闭合，时间跨度达４００Ｍａ以上。第二旋回表现为石炭—二叠纪弧后拉张—弧后造山事件，延续仅约１００Ｍａ。     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗北色日巴彦敖包组的厘定

色日巴彦敖包组为2006~2008年内蒙古自治区地质调查院在扎鲁特旗地区进行1：5万区域地质调查时新识别出来的地层单位.在该组下部灰黑色凝灰质粉砂质硅泥质板岩中发现早石炭世古植物化石Archaeocalamites sp.（古芦木）.根据岩石地层对比及生物化石特征,将其时代由早二叠世归为晚泥盆世-早石炭世,并重新厘定为色日巴彦敖包组.     

西藏北部永珠地区石炭系永珠组岩石地层和古生物特征

永珠地区位于申扎古生代盆地,区内发育连续的早奥陶世—中二叠世海相沉积序列。石炭系永珠组岩石组合特征为细粒石英砂岩、页岩、粉砂岩,夹多层生物碎屑灰岩,含丰富的生物化石,主要有腕足类、双壳类、牙形刺、珊瑚、苔藓虫、菊石、三叶虫。牙形刺Gnathodusgirtyi—Gnathodustexanus为早石炭世晚期组合;腕足类Productus—Rhipidomellatibetena为早石炭世晚期组合,Choristites—Spirigerella为晚石炭世早期下部组合,Trigonatretacf.paucicostulata—Elivellabaschkirica为晚石炭世早期上部组合。Uncinunellina是典型的冷水习性腕足类,Cyathaxonia是典型的冷水习性珊瑚,表明了全球石炭纪冰期已影响到本区。确定了永珠组的时代为早石炭世晚期—晚石炭世早期,且早石炭世与晚石炭世分界线在第11层与第12层之间。     

南黄海盆地中部隆起CSDP-2井志留系-石炭系岩石学特征及其沉积相

目前,大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井是南黄海盆地中部隆起上的唯一深钻,是揭示南黄海中-古生界海相地层时代,恢复其沉积环境和构造运动的基准井。本文针对该井开展岩心描述并进行薄片观察,结合测井数据、古生物化石等资料,将志留系-石炭系划分为下志留统高家边组、侯家塘组、坟头组,上泥盆统五通组,下石炭统高骊山组、和州组,上石炭统黄龙组、船山组。其中,志留系沉积了一套浅海陆棚相的细碎屑岩,沉积物以浅海-滨海相砂泥岩为主;泥盆系五通组同样为碎屑岩沉积,稳定的石英砂岩和紫红色泥岩并存,下部为潮坪相,上部则为三角洲相;而石炭系发育台坪、泻湖、颗粒滩等碳酸盐岩台地亚相,岩性以生屑灰岩和泥晶灰岩为主。区域地层对比表明,南黄海盆地中-古生界海相地层是下扬子区由陆域向海域的延伸,其志留系-石炭系岩性序列与下扬子陆域基本一致。     

川西波格西地区晚古生代岩石地层厘定

在对四川西部巴塘县波格西地区晚古生代地层剖面研究的基础上,从岩性、岩相分析入手,将该区地层划分为６个组级岩石地层单位。根据所含化石确定地层形成时代为泥盆纪至二叠纪。在与邻区岩石地层对比基础上,将木里小区前人已建立的崖子沟组延入本区,修订了波格西组和龙巴组含义,新建了那来组、夺给组和帮相组,选定了剖面层型。从而完善了稻城小区晚古生代岩石地层系统。     

下石炭统马鞍桥组在天山构造演化中的地位

分布于石炭纪断陷盆地中的下石炭统马鞍桥组沉积火山岩系，底部为巨砾岩、砾岩、砂砾岩和砂岩，往上逐渐变为砂岩－粉砂岩－页岩互层夹灰岩、基性火山熔岩和少量流纹岩，具有由陆相变为海相，由浅变深、由粗变细的完整拉伸环境沉积充填序列，是碰撞造山阶段中－晚期后陆拉伸的地质记录，标志着早石炭世天山古生代洋盆闭合后，天山造山带已处于陆内构造体制。     

江西九江武山铜矿构造-蚀变矿化特征及深部成矿预测

武山铜矿地处长江断裂南侧的九江—瑞昌构造带中心部位,发育于横立山—黄桥向斜的北翼。不整合面及武山岩体接触带是矿体赋存的主要部位;上泥盆统五通组含砾石英砂岩和中石炭统黄龙组白云质灰岩之间的层间断裂带、中石炭统黄龙组和下二叠统栖霞组灰岩的层间断裂带控制块状多金属硫化物体的成生与富集,而武山岩体与石炭系、二叠系灰岩、灰岩捕虏体的接触带则形成夕卡岩型矿体;在武山岩体和石英砂岩接触部位则难以形成工业矿体。在研究断裂构造、接触带构造、褶皱构造和围岩组成特征基础上,预测在标高-1 100 m之上,武山岩体与灰岩的接触带中仍有较好的找矿前景,而在武山岩体与泥盆系、志留系巨厚碎屑砂岩的接触部位则矿化较差。     

袁复礼教授对中国地层古生物研究的贡献

袁复礼教授20—30年代对甘肃、新疆等省区的地层古生物研究做了开拓性工作,多有发现。本文阐述了他创立的几个地层单位——平凉笔石层、臭牛沟组、石钱滩泥灰岩(组)、大龙口层(组)、东红山层(组)、烧房沟层(组)、水西沟组(群)的意义,包括他对兽形爬行类化石的重大发现。同时,还介绍了他对甘肃东、西北部石炭纪地层以及准噶尔东部地层的主要研究成果。     

GOTLANDIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF THE OUTER ZONE OF SOUTHWEST JAPAN

Many localities of the Gotlandian rocks have been found in the Outer Zone of Southwest Japan since Kobayashi and Iwaya's discovery of Halysites-bearing limestone at Imose, Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku in 1940. However, little has been done in their stratigraphy and paleontology. Here, the writer describes a tentative division of the Gotlandian strata with reference to the Halysitidae. The bed G₄, which is composed of thick acidic volcanic and clastic materials, is presumed to be the Gotlandio-Devonian passage bed, and is correlated to the Takainari, Ono and the, lower half of the Nakazato series in the Kitakami mountains, Northeast Honshu, because of the predominance of acidic rocks. The so-called Upper Gotlandian Fukuji formation in Gifu Prefecture, Hida plateau is also brought into comparison. The strong acidic volcanic activities in these Gotlandio-Devonian rocks suggest that the “Oboke sandstone schists” in the lower part of the so-called Sambagawa metamorphic complex of the Sakawa orogenic zone are the G₄ equivalent which has been deposited near the axis of the Chichibu geosyncline. The reef-limestone facies was shifted from the Outer to the Inner Zone of West Japan at the beginning of the Devonian period. Simultaneously with the shifting, Minamihiura and other unconformities might have been produced in the lower part of the Sambagawa system. The Kunimiyarna acidic igneous intrusion was probably the forerunner of this movement. These geological events in Japan may be related to the Kwangsi disturbance in South China.

The stratigraphy of the Gotlandio-Devonian rocks in the Outer Zone of Southwest Japan is in descending order as follows:

GOTLANDIAN STRATIGRAPHY OF THE OUTER ZONE OF SOUTHWEST JAPAN

All authors

Takashi Hamada

https://doi.org/10.1080/00206816209473731

Published online:

01 September 2009

Table     

东昆仑西段早—中二叠世生物礁相地层层序

本文以大量化石资料为基础，结合生物礁研究成果，重建了东昆仑造山带西段早-中二叠世礁相地层层序，确定了地层时代归属。礁相地层自下而上分为5个岩组。阿其克库勒组为陆块边缘碎屑陆棚之上的碳酸盐沉积和丘状生物礁建造，可建立Ting类Schwagerina-Eoparafusulina组合带和Chalaroschwagerina-Pseudofusulina Parafecunda组合带，对比为下二叠统的中上冲淡，查德尔塔格组为海侵期巨厚块状障壁礁碳酸盐岩，包含Ting类Mis-ellina claudiae组合和一个未定名组合，属中二叠世栖霞期，青石山组和碧云山组为同时异相沉积，前者以礁核相骨架灰岩为主，厚度巨大；后者为礁后-泻湖相黑色富有机质岩层，厚度较薄，二岩组同属Ting类Polydiexodina-Neoschwagerina组合带内Cancerllina liuzhiensis亚带、Neoschwagerina simplex亚带和Afghanella schencki亚带的层位，时代为中二叠世茅口早一中期，喀尔瓦组为类复理石相砂板岩平恶意泥丘灰岩，含Afghanella schencki亚带的Ting化石，地层时代与青石山组（或碧云山组）上部相当。     

黑龙江多宝山古生代海盆闭合的岩石学证据

综合研究黑龙江多宝山地区古生代沉积地层、生物化石,通过分析侵入岩岩石地球化学及其锆石U--Pb 同位素测年资料,表明该地区早奥陶世至晚泥盆世早期为海相沉积地层,晚泥盆世晚期为海陆交互相沉积地层,早石炭世为陆相河湖沉积地层。多宝山海盆东南侧出露一套年龄为( 300 ± 3 ～ 357 ± 4) Ma 的花岗岩,其中正长、二长花岗质糜棱岩为后造山花岗岩,碱长花岗岩为造山后A 型花岗岩。表明多宝山海盆于晚泥盆世开始闭合,至早石炭世为陆相河湖沉积,晚石炭世-早二叠世为抬升剥蚀阶段。表现为多宝山地区于早石炭世开始造山,晚石炭世晚期或延至早二叠世发生造山后伸展作用。     

Permo-Carboniferous Radiolarians from the Wupata''erkan Group,Western South Tianshan, Xinjiang, China

1 IntroductionThe Wupata'erkan Group, also called Wupata'erkanFormation (Wang et al., 1990), in the western SouthTianshan, China (Fig. 1), mainly comprises gray and darkgray fine-grained clastic rocks, interlayered with medium-acidic volcanic rocks (andesite and quartz porphyry),carbonates, cherts and variegated tuffaceousconglomerates. The chert in the formation was firstly foundin our field trip along sections of the Qiqi'erjianakesu Riverand Kekebiele Daban. Deformation of the group is…     

辽河断陷大民屯凹陷静北灰岩古潜山地层时代研究

辽河断陷大民屯凹陷静北灰岩古潜山的地层时代,在上世纪80年代初期被认为属于中元古代长城纪。运用生物地层学、岩石学、地球物理测井、地震地层学、古地磁学及微量元素分析等多重地层划分对比研究方法,对该灰岩古潜山地层时代进行了综合分析,证实静北灰岩古潜山的地层由中元古界蓟县系、下古生界寒武系至奥陶系和上古生界石炭系至二叠系3套地层构成,这一新认识改变了将该灰岩古潜山地层时代整体归属中元古代长城纪大红峪组和高于庄组的传统认识。     

内蒙古阿木山组

阿木山组自建组以来就被广泛应用,20世纪曾是内蒙地槽区上石炭统的代名词,随着地质研究程度的不断提高,大地构造单元的划分、地层区划等也在发生变化。通过区域资料的综合研究,现认为阿木山组是华北板块北部晚古生代大陆边缘的沉积产物,出露区只限于索伦—西拉木伦河断裂以南,形成时代为晚石炭世至早二叠世(C_2-P_1),灰岩层内富含蜓、珊瑚等化石。其与三面井组是同一地层区不同地层分区的产物。