Shkol’noe gold deposit, the Russian Northeast

The Shkol’noe deposit is localized in a small granitoid stock, the root portion of which is traced using geophysical data to a depth of 5–8 km. The high-grade gold ore (33 gpt Au) is enriched in silver and principally differs in ore composition from the previously studied mesothermal gold-quartz and epithermal gold-silver deposits in the Russian Northeast. The main reserves of the Shkol’noe deposit concentrate in bonanzas (20% of the total volume of orebodies). The internal deformation is related to the rearrangement of matter in freibergite; exsolution structures in fahlore and native gold are related to postmineral metamorphism. It is suggested that the ore of the Shkol’noe deposit occupies a transitional position between porphyrytype and epithermal levels of ore deposition.     

新疆昆仑山北缘一带含金硅铁建造中金矿床特征及找矿标志

含金硅铁建造型铁金矿是近年来在新疆昆仑山地区发现的又一具有重要远景意义的矿床类型,经过地学工作者们艰苦努力,已经相继发现帕西木、苦阿-恰克能萨依、麻特等多处矿床(点)。矿床产于石炭系阿羌岩组(C1a),含矿岩系为一套海底喷发-喷流沉积形成的海相火山喷发-正常碎屑沉积夹含金硅铁建造,区域上具有明显的层控矿床特征,类似于我国黑龙江省"东风山式"金矿,成因类型属火山-沉积作用有关的沉积变质改造型矿床。     

新疆东天山成矿带成矿系统研究现状及存在问题

天山造山带东段的东天山成矿带是中国重要成矿带之一。笔者分析了东天山成矿带的大地构造演化、成矿作用及矿床类型和成矿时代,重点分析了卡拉塔格、阿奇山等VMS型Cu-Zn、土屋—延东斑岩型Cu-Mo(Au)、玉海斑岩型Cu-Mo(Au)、白鑫滩Cu-Ni硫化物等矿床类型和成矿时代。结合石英滩金矿、康古尔金矿、康南金矿(点)、三岔口斑岩型铜钼矿、黄山东Cu-Ni矿等矿床类型和成矿时代,以及这些矿床与康古尔构造带时空演化间的耦合关系,认为应重新审视土屋—延东等斑岩型矿床的矿床类型和成矿时代。维权银及多金属矿床、红云滩铁铜、雅满苏铁(铜、铅锌)矿的早期蚀变特征,与新近发现的阿奇山VMS型Pb-Zn矿床的蚀变特征一致性,反映在这些地区具有与阿奇山型Pb-Zn矿床成矿潜力。航磁资料结果表明,土屋—延东斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床以西地区具有与东部黄山一带基性-超基性岩体引起的航磁异常一致性特征,说明西部地区有基性-超基性岩体的存在。建议在东天山地区加强典型矿床研究,对康古尔剪切带周围的二叠纪花岗质岩石、基性-超基性岩体以及雅满苏成矿带深部进行评价工作。     

Geological Characteristics and Genesis of Wulonggou Gold Deposit and Evaluation of Gold Metallogenic Potential in East Kunlun

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威海罗家地区金矿地质特征及找矿方向

罗家金矿为中低温热液黄铁绢英岩型金矿床。矿区NNE向断裂与其他方向断裂交会部位及其附近为金矿有利成矿部位,矿床具分带现象,花岗细晶岩脉与成矿关系密切。矿石类型以黄铁绢英岩型为主,含金石英脉型次之,矿石含金品位较高,并伴生较高的Ag,Cu等有益元素。通过对金矿床的地质特征、控矿因素及矿床成因的研究,在分析找矿标志的基础上,提出应进一步查证物化探异常,加大矿区深部及外围的找矿力度,以期发现新的金矿体。     

Tokur gold ore–placer cluster in Amur Province: Geological–structural features and perspective of its development

The geological–structural features and gold-potential perspective of the Tokur ore–placer cluster in the Amur Province have been studied. This ore–placer cluster is a syncline composed of Paleozoic blackshale sequence, which is cut through by Late Paleozoic and Late Mesozoic intrusions. A granitoid massif is suggested at the depth on the basis of geophysical data. The cluster is distinguished by high productivity. Approximately 37 t gold from ore deposits, primarily from the Tokur deposit, and 60 t from placers have been mined out. The Tokur deposit is compared with the Natalka and Degdekan deposits from the Yana–Kolyma Province. Perspectives of the cluster area for large gold–quartz deposits and technogenic gold placers have been estimated.     

北山地区照壁山金矿床地质特征及成因

照壁山金矿床是北山地区中部金矿集中区最具代表性的金矿床之一,金矿化主要在黑云母花岗岩株内或沿其与志留系公婆泉群火山-沉积岩的接触带产出,黑云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar同位素年龄为296±5 Ma.金矿体主要由含金石英脉,网脉和细脉浸染状块体组成,金属矿物主要有黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、自然金和银金矿,脉石矿物为石英和绢云母.围岩蚀变自含金矿脉(体)向外,分别为硅化、绢云母化和绿泥石化;另外,沿岩体与火山-沉积岩接触带常可观察到黄铁绢英岩化.微量元素和硫、氧、氢及铅同位素数据表明:黑云母花岗岩是同碰撞造山期深源岩浆与地壳物质相互作用的结果,成(岩)矿物质主要来自壳幔混合源,含矿热液是岩浆热流体与大气降水混合的产物.海西期花岗质岩浆活动不仅为金矿床的形成提供了物质和热力来源,而且是成矿热液对流循环的"发动机",成矿体系温、压降低是导致金沉淀与富集的重要控制因素.     

山东招掖金矿带内花岗岩与金矿化关系探讨

以花岗岩类及脉岩类的精确定年结果为基础,结合区内金矿床地质特征和近年来研究新进展,探讨了花岗岩类侵入与金矿化之间的空间、时间和成因关系。尽管区内花岗石类侵入体与金矿床间存在密切的窨及时间关系。但它们之间并不存在直接的成因联系,即这些金矿床并不是岩浆热液矿床。花岗石类侵入体和脉岩类的侵位通道和先存韧性剪切带是贯通深部流体的导矿构造,有利于深部成矿流体和上升和流体循环;花岗岩类与围岩的接触带及其内部断     

苏丹东北部金矿成矿特征及成矿远景浅析

文章在对苏丹东北部金矿区域构造背景、含金建造及金地球化学特征研究成果的基础上,分析了哈塞、洁比特、瑞达和哈马迪等4个研究程度较高的典型金矿床的矿体赋存规律、矿床类型和金矿石的结构构造等特征,认为该地区至少存在石英脉型、火山成因块状硫化物和韧性剪切带等3种以上金矿床类型.金矿床的形成与岩石建造、构造作用关系密切,总结了苏...     

吉林夹皮沟金矿带岩脉和蚀变绢云母定年及金矿成矿时代

吉林夹皮沟金矿床的矿化年龄一直存在争议。采用先进的SHRIMP测年方法测得夹皮沟二道沟金矿床的花岗闪长岩脉锆石的2 0 6Pb/ 2 3 8U年龄为 (2 2 3± 2 )Ma ;八家子金矿床的石英正长斑岩锆石的2 0 6Pb/ 2 3 8U年龄为 (2 41± 6 )～ (2 18± 6 )Ma。这一结果与前人测得的K Ar年龄基本相符。这两条岩脉与含金石英脉同构造空间 ,形成时代相近 ,因此上述岩脉年龄大体反映了金矿化年龄。同时还测得八家子金矿床蚀变绢云母的 4 0 Ar 3 9Ar等时线年龄为(2 0 3 975± 0 5 2 7)Ma ,进一步证明金矿化发生在中生代印支期。矿石中含有大量的方铅矿 ,还存在矿物及元素的分带 ,这些特征表明夹皮沟金矿床不太可能是新太古代或元古代形成的变质热液矿床 ,更大可能是中生代与岩浆活动有关的岩浆热液矿床     

海南省金矿成矿规律及找矿方向

海南岛金矿资源丰富，岛人金矿分布主要受EW和NE向2组区域性断裂控制,形成2个EW向和3个NE向成矿带。金矿类型可分为1）产于深变质岩系中的金矿；2）产于浅变质、强变形岩系中的金矿；3）产于碎屑岩中的金矿；4）爆破角砾岩型金矿；5）产于花岗质岩石中的金矿。规模大、经济价值高的金矿均受区内发育的剪切带控制，同时成矿具有明显的等距性、对应性，矿化在空间具有明显的侧伏性；矿化蚀变强，硅化是直接的找矿标志。通过总结成矿规律和找矿标志，共划分出5个成矿远景区，并进行了初步评价。     

Mineralogical features and genesis of Polyanskoye mercury deposit on Chukotka

The mineralogy of two gold deposits in southwestern China, which contain gold entirely in the form of microscopic or submicroscopic grains or inclusions, is examined. They contain refractory or low-grade ores similar in type to those near Carlin, Nevada. Mineralogical studies of ore samples from the two deposits (e.g., proton microprobe analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis, electron microprobe analysis, X-ray diffraction studies, ore microscopy) indicate that the predominant gold-bearing minerals are pyrite (Dongbeizhai deposit) and arsenopyrite and pyrite (Jinya deposit). Gold in the two deposits is closely correlated with As, S., and Fe.     

新疆鄯善小尖山金矿区地质特征及控矿构造

小尖山金矿位于康古尔金矿中东段,矿体主要有含金蚀变岩和含金花岗细晶岩两类,以蚀变岩型金矿为主,发育于变质岩区,具有低温绿片岩相的面貌,受韧性剪切带控制并以剪切作用为主要的成矿机制.     

湖南金矿床中黄铁矿和毒砂的含金性探讨

(?)南的共生与(?)生金矿庆中的金,大部分为次显微金和(?)显微金.(?)中的黄铁矿和毒砂是金的主要载(?)矿物.金主要以机械混合物或微包体形式赋存,主要形成于硫(?)化物矿化(?)或晚期.矿石合金量的高低与载金矿物的晶形,(?)度,生成期及碎裂程度等有关.(?)黄铁矿、毒砂是金矿床的主要标型矿物.As是标型指示元素.     

广西大瑶山古里脑和龙头山金矿岩浆期后断裂成矿作用及找矿意义

通过对大瑶山区古里脑和龙头山金矿床地层、岩浆岩含矿性的分析,并进行断裂构造作用多期性的分析和岩浆期后断裂成矿作用的讨论,认为该区深部地层和岩体中的金元素在次火山—斑岩期后断裂构造热液的作用下逐步向上叠加、富集成矿;矿体与岩浆岩体在空间上具有密切的关系;构造-热液作用导致次火山岩、斑岩体或周围地层产生破碎,并使成矿热液沿裂隙充填和再充填而形成金矿体,区内凡构成工业富集的富矿体和含金石英脉或破碎带都与多期次活动的构造-热液作用有关。因此,多期活动的构造-热液作用在大瑶山区具有非常重要的找矿意义。     

Source of Pb in orogenic lode-gold mineralisation: Pb isotope constraints from deep crustal rocks from the southwestern Archaean Yilgarn Craton, Australia

Southern Cross was one of the earliest gold mining centres in Western Australia. Over 142 tonnes of gold have been produced from the district, and, on a gold per hectare basis, the Southern Cross greenstone belt in the southwestern Yilgarn Craton is the most productive of Western Australia's Archaean greenstone belts. The SW Yilgarn Craton is characterised by high-grade (amphibolite- to granulite-facies) metamorphism, extensive granitoid magmatism and older greenstone volcanism ages, compared to the well-known greenschist-facies metamorphism and younger (2.7 Ga) eruption ages which dominate in the Eastern Goldfields Province. The Pb-isotope compositions of deep-seated granitoids in the SW Archaean Yilgarn Craton, which were emplaced coeval with a craton-wide major orogenic lode-gold mineralization event at about 2.64–2.63 Ga, have been determined for 96 whole-rock and 24 K-feldspar samples. The Pb isotope data of the granitoids are consistent with a crustal origin for their genesis, probably by reworking (partial melting) of older continental crust. The Pb isotope composition of greenstones, which are the main host rocks for gold mineralisation, and pyrites from the komatiite-hosted syngenetic Ni deposits in the amphibolite-facies Forrestania greenstone belt, have also been determined, with initial Pb-isotope ratios higher than that for the Eastern Goldfields Province. The Pb isotopic character of the orogenic lode-gold deposits in the region is intermediate between coeval granitoid and greenstone Pb, indicating that the ore fluids contained metals from both reservoirs. The Pb in the ore fluid of the most deeply formed deposit, Griffin's Find, overlaps the isotopic composition of coeval granitoids, indicating the deep-seated granitoid magmatism was the primary source for Pb in the ore fluids. Received: 8 October 1998 / Accepted 22 December 1998     

吉林省海沟石英脉型金矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义

海沟金矿床地处夹皮沟-海沟成矿带东南端,为典型的石英脉型金矿。该矿床产于海西期花岗杂岩体中,由多条含金石英脉组成。成矿过程可分为4个阶段:Ⅰ. 钾长石-石英脉阶段;II. 乳白色石英-(少)黄铁矿-(少)金阶段;III. 多金属硫化物-石英-金阶段;IV. 碳酸盐-石英-黄铁矿阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,海沟金矿各阶段流体包裹体存在一定差异,早期成矿阶段(第Ⅱ阶段)以H₂O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主,偶见含子晶包裹体(Ⅳ类);主成矿阶段(第Ⅲ阶段)以CO₂-H₂O-NaCl包裹体(II类)为主,并含有少量纯CO₂包裹体(III类);成矿后阶段(第Ⅳ阶段)以H₂O-NaCl包裹体(Ⅰ类)为主。早期成矿阶段、主成矿阶段、成矿后阶段均一温度范围分别为227~497℃、189~427℃、130~267℃,对应盐度分别为0.53%~10.23% NaCleqv、0.35%~9.23% NaCleqv、0.18%~3.27% NaCleqv。早期成矿阶段和主成矿阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度相对较高,成矿后阶段包裹体均一温度、盐度明显降低;在空间上,主成矿阶段矿床深部包裹体的盐度较矿床浅部偏高。拉曼和气相色谱结果显示,包裹体气相成分以H₂O、CO₂、N₂、CH₄、C₂H₆为主,并含有少量H₂S,成矿流体为低盐度的H₂O-CO₂-NaCl±CH₄流体;包裹体液相离子成分主要为Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Cl^-,个别包裹体中含有少量Mg²⁺、F^-离子。主成矿阶段不同类型、不同相比包裹体均一温度相近,显示不混溶特征。流体减压引起的不混溶作用可能是海沟金矿金沉淀的主要原因。     

海南王下牙老金矿床矿石特征

王下牙老金矿为贫硫化物方解石-石英脉型金矿床,矿体严格受断裂裂隙控制.矿石的有用组分单一,有害杂质少,金矿物主要为自然金.主要的金属矿物为毒砂、黄铁矿,同时也是主要的载金矿物;非金属矿物为石英、碳酸盐矿物.矿石多具自形、半自形、他形粒状结构,以脉状、浸染状构造为主.自然金形态为角粒状、长角粒状,赋存状态以粒间金为主,其次为包裹金,裂隙金仅占8.2%,自然金为显微金.矿石类型以含金方解石-石英复合脉为主,其次为含金构造角砾岩型和含金蚀变岩型.     

坦桑尼亚维多利亚湖东部绿岩带金矿床地质特征及成因浅析

坦桑尼亚维多利亚湖绿岩带是世界上非常有名的金成矿区,目前已发现数个世界级的金矿床。本文分析了该地区典型金矿床成矿地质特征,认为维多利亚湖东部绿岩带金矿床类型为构造蚀变岩型,矿体赋存在受EW向、NW向和NE向三组剪切破碎带控制的构造蚀变岩中,矿石类型主要为黄铁绢英蚀变岩和含金石英脉,与成矿有关的蚀变主要为硅化、绢云母化和黄铁矿化。同时,将这些矿床与中国胶东绿岩带的“焦家式”金矿床进行了对比,探讨了成矿模型研究所面临的问题。     

新疆东准噶尔地区两类花岗岩与两个成矿系列

东准噶尔地区存在与两类花岗岩有关的两个金属成矿系列：与钙碱性花岗岩类有关的铜、金成矿系列和与富碱花岗岩类有关的锡成矿系列。钙碱性花岗岩成因上属造山后陆内断裂深熔型,富碱花岗岩属A型或S型。前者主要形成于华力西中晚期、华力西晚期;后者也主要形成于华力西中晚期、华力西晚期,岩石以富含碱性暗色矿物为特征。与钙碱性花岗岩有关的铜、金成矿系列矿床类型有斑岩型、隐爆角砾岩筒型、夕卡岩型、破碎带碎裂岩型和石英脉型,与富碱花岗岩有关的锡成矿系列矿床类型有锡石-石英脉型、蚀变花岗岩型和富石英云英岩型。斑岩型、隐爆角砾岩筒型铜（金）矿及与A型花岗岩有关的锡矿等新矿床型的存在,为该区钢、金、锡等矿产资源的进一步探寻．提供了重要方向。该区存在十分有利的构造、岩浆成矿条件、广泛发育的蚀变矿化现象和多种多样的矿化类型,地质研究程度和找矿工作程度低．表明该区具有广阔的找矿前景。