新疆阿尔泰铁木里克花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义

通过对新疆阿尔泰南缘富蕴-蒙库成矿带中铁木里克铁矿矿区出露的花岗闪长岩进行了锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定,获得岩体形成时代为(389±5.7) Ma(MSDW=1.7).该岩体是早泥盆世岩浆活动产物,属海西早期侵入体.岩体侵入活动伴随铁矿成矿作用,表明铁木里克铁矿的形成时代略晚于389 Ma.前人研究表明,阿尔泰造山带早泥盆世时期岩浆活动异常强烈,400～360 Ma是主造山期.铁木里克岩体的形成处于阿尔泰造山作用最强时期.对比铁木里克岩体与蒙库岩体的形成时代及空间产出,认为铁木里克岩体形成于与板块俯冲有关的活动大陆边缘的陆弧环境.     

东天山大地构造及演化--1:50万东天山大地构造图简要说明

以东天山地区古生代沉积建造分析为基础,探讨了该区古生代以来的大地构造格局和演化历程。认为该区震旦－泥盆纪具板块构造格局,石炭纪－早二叠世属碰撞期后的板内裂谷和裂陷槽。提出早古生代早中期该区曾古亚洲洋中的一个古老陆块（隶属准噶尔地块）,随着阿尔曼特洋盆和米什沟－干沟洋盆关闭,拼接到阿尔泰古陆边缘,成为西伯利亚古大陆的增生边缘。志留纪－早泥盆世沿卡拉麦里一带再次裂解,形成了卡拉麦里有限洋盆,将南准噶尔地块从西伯利亚大陆边缘割裂开来。随着卡拉麦里洋盆的向南俯冲,造成了东天山地区大南湖一带的泥盆纪岛弧杂岩带,构成了东天山地区斑岩铜矿的含矿岩系,中泥盆世末卡拉麦里洋盆关闭。早石炭世进入碰撞期后板内伸展阶段,形成一系列裂陷槽和裂谷,晚二叠世开始进入陆内造山阶段。新生代随着印度板块同欧亚大陆的碰撞,开始隆升。     

湘东南中泥盆统石英砂砾岩物源分析及其大地构造意义

早古生代江南隆起的形成与剥蚀作用可以用来制约华南广西期造山作用及其动力学机制.通过对江南隆起南侧湘东南南湾地区中泥盆统跳马涧组石英砂砾岩的碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石微量元素地球化学以及全岩地球化学的分析,讨论了其物源及其大地构造意义.4件样品的270颗有效碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱由430~440 Ma主峰与800~1 100 Ma、1 700~2 000 Ma和2 400~2 600 Ma次峰组成.锆石CL图像、Th/U比值以及稀土元素配分图指示碎屑锆石以岩浆锆石为主,仅有少量变质锆石和热液锆石.矿物形态、组成以及成熟度指示其源区为近源,沉积于滨海环境.综合源区分析表明,湘东南中泥盆统跳马涧组石英砂砾岩的物源来自其北侧的江南隆起.江南隆起形成于广西期陆内造山作用.早古生代岩浆锆石的微量元素地球化学特征表明其为大陆型锆石,形成于大陆弧构造环境.结合区域地质特征,华南广西期造山作用是其南侧大洋俯冲作用的产物,与冈瓦纳大陆的聚合有关.      

阿尔泰造山带南缘和准噶尔板块北缘晚古生代构造演化及多金属成矿作用

研究表明,阿尔泰南缘和准噶尔北缘晚古生代大地构造演化及成矿作用均受古亚洲洋形成与演化的控制。晚古生代该地区经历了3个不同性质的构造演化阶段,同时伴有不同的多金属成矿作用。早泥盆世,由于古亚洲洋板块的俯冲,在阿尔泰南缘形成了一系列陆缘断陷盆地,并伴随以铅、锌、铜、铁多金属为主的矿化;同时,俯冲的古亚洲洋板块发生部分熔融,形成了埃达克岩及与其有关的铜矿床。随着板块俯冲的继续,中泥盆世出现了前弧盆地,并形成了铜-铅-锌多金属矿床。至石炭纪,西伯利亚板块与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块发生碰撞,在额尔齐斯缝合带附近出现了由于挤压作用而形成的金矿床,同时,在缝合带北侧(阿尔泰地区),由于壳型花岗岩的广泛发育,形成了稀有金属矿床。早二叠世,在额尔齐斯缝合带附近又发生了碰撞后的板内拉张作用,从而诱发了一系列与地幔作用有关的岩浆活动,形成了以喀拉通克为代表的铜-镍矿化。因此,阿尔泰南缘和准噶尔北缘晚古生代多金属找矿远景区包括:阿勒泰南缘早泥盆世火山-沉积盆地内铅、锌、铜及铁多金属矿床和准噶尔北缘早泥盆世与埃达克岩有关的铜矿床;中泥盆世前弧盆地内的铜多金属矿床;石炭纪额尔齐斯缝合带内与碰撞有关的金矿床及稀有金属矿床;早二叠世与板内拉张有关的铜-镍多金属矿床。     

THE STRUCTURES OF THE ORE DISTRICTS,ORE FIELDS AND ORE DEPOSITS OF THE RUDNYY ALTAY

Polymetallic and pyritic-polymetallic ores of the Rudnyy Altay and its intersection with the Gornyy Altay are analyzed as to structure and classified as to ore districts, ore fields and ore deposits. In relating these categories to their containing structures, the author finds that ore districts are associated with long-developing tectonic zones, ore fields with second-order and thirdorder folds, chiefly in the marginal parts of anticlinoria, and ore deposits with shearing and tension fractures. Vein deposits are more common in fractured siliceous rocks. Lenticular and saddle-shaped deposits are commonly interbedded with pre-ore rocks. Concentrated ore complexes are particularly common in regions of block-folds or where synclinoria and anticlinoria intersect. Most of the Rudnyy Altay deposits are assigned to the late Hercynian.—A. Eustus.     

Pre‐Cenomanian vs. Cenozoic folding in the High Atlas revealed by palaeomagnetic data

Palaeomagnetic data, and specifically remagnetizations, are used to constrain the geometric reconstruction at 100 Ma of three anticlines cored by gabbroic intrusions and Triassic shales in the Central High Atlas, Morocco. Previous palaeomagnetic results have revealed that the Mesozoic sediments of this region acquired a pervasive remagnetization at the end of the Early Cretaceous. The restoration of palaeomagnetic vectors to the remagnetization stage (100 Ma) allows us to determine the dip of the beds during this period and, thereby, to reconstruct structures during that time and determine the relative contributions of Mesozoic magmatic/diapiric uplift vs. Cenozoic compression to the present‐day dip. Our results indicate that three major anticlines in the Central High Atlas (Tasraft, Tassent and Tissila) were initiated to different degrees before the Late Cretaceous and were reactivated during Cenozoic compression to acquire their present‐day geometry. We also discuss the origin of these structures.     

晋东北地区燕山运动的基本特征——来自1:25万应县幅区域地质调查的总结

晋东北地区燕山期地壳活动剧烈而频繁, 经历了3次由伸展→挤压转换→隆升和岩浆活动过程。燕山运动早期形成早侏罗世断陷盆地和中侏罗世挤压坳陷型聚煤构造盆地; 中期中晚侏罗世形成被NW、NE向深大断裂围限的火山断陷盆地, 中基性-酸性火山喷发和浅成、超浅成中酸性岩浆侵入, 晚侏罗世末形成了一系列NNE向褶皱和逆冲推覆构造带; 晚期早白垩世再次形成断陷盆地和开阔平缓褶皱, 义县组不整合在火山岩之上, 晚白垩世处于挤压造山后的山体隆升阶段, 左云组不整合在义县组之上, 伴随有壳源型花岗岩侵入, NW、NE向断裂复活, 形成地堑、地垒式断裂组合, 导致山体隆升。      

阿尔泰山南缘克朗盆地泥盆纪火山沉积与矿产

新疆阿尔泰山南缘克朗晚古生代火山-沉积盆地盆地，位于西伯利亚板块南缘泥盆纪陆缘裂谷带中，在早泥盆世发生了大规模多期次的火山活动，在康布铁堡组火山沉积地层中形成了恰夏、铁木尔特和阿巴宫多个VMS型铜铅锌铁多金属矿床;中泥盆世火山作用减弱，在阿勒泰镇组沉积地层中形成SEDEX型红墩铅锌矿床。     

中国西天山拉尔敦达坂构造解析

拉尔敦达坂一带发育的大型复合式韧性剪切带，经解析分为水平拆离、挤压和岩浆侵入隆升、左行走滑韧性剪切三个不同阶段，变形时限分别限定在早古生代晚期至晚古生代早期、晚泥盆世和二叠-三叠纪。剪切带向东至伊连哈比尔山被“天山主干断裂”截断，向西经北本札尔特河谷的阿登布拉克沟在国境附近的阿拉爱格尔山口附近与邻国“尼古拉耶夫线”相接。该剪切带属南侧塔里木与伊犁-伊塞克两陆块碰撞缝合构造同碰撞期的次级构造带。     

塔里木盆地塔中隆起构造演化与油气关系

笔者结合塔里木盆地形成的构造背景对塔中隆起的主要构造演化过程进行了研究，并具体分析了各构造演化阶段与志留系油气的关系。研究表明，塔中隆起源于早古生代拉张背景下的正断层，寒武-奥陶纪为其烃源岩形成的重要时期；早奥陶世末-晚奥陶世末的构造反转是塔中隆起的主要形成期，同时也为志留系的形成及复合圈闭提供了古地理背景；泥盆纪末塔中鼻状隆起基本定型，古油藏遭受破坏，形成了沥青砂岩；早二叠世晚期的构造变形使古油藏遭受进一步的破坏；二叠纪后构造变动主要以调节为主。伴随整个构造的演化，志留系的油气聚集也是分期次、不同规模的进行。     

塔里木盆地东北部地区充填序列的物源分析

塔里木盆地东北部志留、泥盆纪、中新生代充填序列的岩性，主要为硅质碎屑岩。作者采用点计法对该充填序列中的砂岩进行了骨架矿物统计分析，结合区域地质构造背景研究认为：库车拗陷的物源区为南天山造山带，沉降中心的充填序列，记录了南天山造山带的揭顶剥蚀史。志留一泥盆纪时，塔东北拗陷的物源区为北部古塔北隆起和加里东中期抬升的寒武－奥陶系和东北角的库鲁克塔格隆起；三叠－侏罗纪时，物质来源主要为海西运动时形成的沙雅隆起和库鲁克塔格隆起；自白垩纪以来，坳陷主要接受南天山造山带的物质。物源区的类型不仅随着坳陷的演化而变化，而且同一源区的物质也随其被搬运的距离增大而造成不同的砂岩矿物组成。     

塔中隆起古生代构造演化的分段差异性分析

应用平衡剖面技术探讨了塔中隆起东、西段古生代构造演化的时空差异性。结果表明,早奥陶世塔中西段在伸展背景下拉张沉降,而塔中东段已出现隆起雏形。中奥陶世-晚奥陶世,塔中隆起构造形态基本定型,东段构造变形和隆升强度高于西段。该区东强西弱的分段差异性持续到中泥盆世末期。推测与来自阿尔金方向的压扭应力自东向西逐渐递减有关,同时形成了塔中隆起东敛西散的构造形态。     

HISTORY OF THE TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALPINE FOLDED REGION OF SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE AND ASIA MINOR - NEW DATA ON THE TECTONIC STRUCTURE AND HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALPINE ZONE OF EUROPE

The pyrite-polymetallic deposits of the Rudnyy Altay, which occur in early geosynclinal sedimentary-volcanogenic sequences, are considered as polygenetic and polychronous. Their basic features and patterns of localization may be explained by the specific nature of the formation of the ore-surrounding volcanogenic associations and features of later redeposition of the ore material. —Authors.     

新疆北部阿尔泰山东段泥盆纪岩浆活动及侵位方式的探讨

新疆北部阿尔泰山东段发育大量的岩浆岩,对取自阿德尔石英闪长斑岩和乔拉克萨依花岗闪长岩的样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测定,获得了(415.7±4.0) Ma和(413.5±3.0) Ma的年龄值。据此将其形成时代厘定为早泥盆世。两组样品主量元素差异明显,稀土、微量元素特征基本一致。石英闪长斑岩具有中钾-低钾钙碱性、过铝质花岗岩岩石特征,而花岗闪长岩具有高钾钙碱性、准铝质系列特征。两者轻稀土富集、重稀土相对亏损,中等-弱负Eu异常;微量元素Rb、Th、U等LILE富集,具有明显的“峰”,Nb、Ta、Ti等HFSE强烈亏损,呈明显“TNT”负异常,显示了与俯冲作用有关的岩浆岩特征。综合区域地质资料分析,阿尔泰造山带东段泥盆纪早期岩浆活动剧烈,成因复杂,侵位方式多样,形成了多种火成岩构造组合,可能是热幔-热壳结构下的产物,具有形成超大型矿床的潜力。     

新疆阿尔泰凯勒克赛依铁矿地质特征、锆石LA MC ICP MS U Pb年龄及其意义

凯勒克赛依铁矿床是新疆阿尔泰唯一的小型镜铁矿床,赋存于一套变质火山-沉积岩系中,近矿围岩为白云母石英片岩,矿体呈层状,与地层产状一致,矿石具有块状、条带状、条纹状构造,矿石中金属矿物主要为镜铁矿(TFeO=87349%~88988%,TiO2=0~1042%,Al2O3=0036%~0256%),矿化具有沉积特征。近矿围岩镜铁矿白云母石英片岩锆石LA MC ICP MS U Pb谐和年龄为(3756 ± 06)Ma,限定成矿时代在376 Ma左右,即中泥盆世成矿,是阿尔泰为数不多的中泥盆世成矿作用的产物。同时也厘定含矿的变质火山-沉积岩系属中—晚泥盆世阿勒泰镇组,不是前人认为的早泥盆世康布铁堡组。     

内蒙东部红花沟金矿田早中生代构造-岩浆活动及对金成矿的控制作用

根据红花沟金矿田早中生代的韧性变形带、闪长质岩浆岩和中基性岩墙群的特点 ,提出早中生代时研究区总体上处于伸展隆升状态 ,并可细分为两个阶段 ,早阶段以韧性变形为主 ,晚阶段以闪长质岩浆活动为主。闪长质岩浆是在地幔热隆起构造背景下 ,地幔底侵作用引起太古界变质岩中的基性岩石发生部分熔融而形成的。早中生代的构造 -岩浆活动为金成矿提供了流体和成矿物质来源及容矿空间 ,金成矿主要与早中生代的构造 -岩浆作用有关。     

Paleozoic Tectono-Metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay Region, Central Asia

The research on Paleozoic tectonics and endogenic metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay region of Central Asia is an important and significant project. The Altay region, as a collision zone of the Early Paleozoic(500–397 Ma), and the Tianshan region, as a collision zone of the early period in the Late Paleozoic(Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous, 385–323 Ma), are all the result of nearly N-S trending shortening and collision(according to recent magnetic orientation). In the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous period(385–323 Ma), regional NW trending faults displayed features of dextral strike-slip motion in the Altay and Junggar regions. In the Tianshan region, nearly EW-trending regional faults are motions of the thrusts. However, in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period(323–260 Ma), influenced by the long-distance effect induced from the Ural collision zone, those areas suffered weaker eastward compression, the existing NW trending faults converted into sinistral strike-slip in the Altay and Junggar regions, and the existing nearly E-W trending faults transferred into dextral strike-slip faults in the Tianshan region. The Rocks of those regions in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period(323–260 Ma) were moderately ruptured to a certain tension-shear, and thus formed a number of world famous giant endogenic metal ore deposits in the Tianshan-Altay region. As to the Central Asian continent, the most powerful collision period may not coincide with the most favorable endogenic metallogenic period. It should be treated to "the orogenic metallogeny hypothesis" with caution in that region.     

新疆南天山克孜尔河沉积物碎屑锆石U‐Pb年代学研究及其地质意义

新疆克孜尔河流经南天山造山带南缘,其河流沉积物中记录了流域内地质体的重要信息。为进一步约束南天山造山带的构造演化历史,探讨该造山带古生代地壳生长与演化,对克孜尔河沉积物中的碎屑锆石进行U‐Pb定年。结果表明锆石年龄主要集中分布在460~390 Ma和310~260 Ma,少量分布在前寒武纪,暗示南天山造山带在古生代期间发生了强烈的岩浆活动。物源分析表明克孜尔河沉积物中的碎屑锆石主要源于南天山造山带和塔里木克拉通北部,年龄为460~390 Ma的碎屑锆石很可能记录了南天山洋在晚奥陶—早泥盆世期间向南俯冲到塔里木克拉通之下的弧岩浆作用。南天山洋闭合以及塔里木克拉通与伊犁—中天山地块的最终碰撞可能发生在晚石炭世,随后发生同碰撞和后碰撞岩浆作用,以样品中大量310~260 Ma的碎屑锆石为代表。结合南天山造山带内已有的古生代岩浆岩锆石的Hf同位素数据分析表明,晚奥陶—早泥盆世南天山造山带的大陆地壳演化主要以古老地壳的再造和部分新生地幔物质的加入为主,晚石炭—早二叠世该造山带地壳演化则以前寒武纪古老基底岩石的改造为主,仅有限的新生组分加入到岩浆的形成过程中。     

A PRELIMINARY APPROACH TO THE GEOTECTONIC EVOLUTION HISTORY AND MINERLIZATION IN VICTORIA,AUSTRALIA

According to the available data and field research, based on the diwatheory, the authors have studied the geotectonic evolution history and the associated minerlization in the Victoria area. It has been shown that this area is in fact a part of the Lachlan diwa region. The Victoria area can be divided into geodome fault-fold zone and subsidence zone. The former can be subdivided into three zones, from west to east, which are western uplift zone, central depression zone and eastern uplift zone. The evolution history of the Victoria area can be divided into four stages-Pregeosyncline, geosyncline, plateform and diwa. Each stage has distinct sedimentary, magmatic and structural features. Of the four stages, diwa stage is the most important for minerlization. Diwa stage started in the Devonian. During the development of diwa, a number of granites, which are characterized by high SiO2 and Na2O+K2O, were formed. The granites were abundance with mineralforming material. On the other hand, diwa geotectonism reformed and enriched the geosynclinal or platform ore deposits. Therefore, most of the ore deposits that occurred in the Victoria area are,more or less, related with diwa tectonism.     

MAGMATISM OF THE EASTERN SAYAN

New geological and petrological data on the range of magmatic complexes and formations of the Eastern Sayan show two primary magmas: basic and granitoid. These magmas were formed through melting hard deep-seated layers of the earth crust: basaltic and sialic. During the geosynclinal stage the development of magmas belonging to the Archean, Proterozoic, and Salair [Cambrian] volcanic cycles proceeded consecutively from ultrabasic and basic formations formed in a pre-orogenic or earlier-orogenic geosynclinal development stage to granitoids set up in a synorogenic or later-synorogenic development stage. During the platform stage middle Paleozoic (Lower Devonian) and Mesozoic-Cenozoic cycles of magmatism proceeded directly, without the geosynclinal preparatory stage. Their development, accompanied by faulting, proceeded in reverse order from acidic and alkalic intrusions to predominantly basic eruptives. A further development of deep-seated basic and granitoid magmas was determined first by magmatic differentiation and later by assimilation phenomena which took place during the magma's passage into upper structural layers. The granitoids of geosynclinal magmatic complexes correspond petrochemically to the intermediate types of calc-alkalic rocks of the Pacific Ocean belt. The granitoids and alkalic rocks of the Lower Devonian platform magmatic complex resemble those of the Cenozoic East-Asia alkalic province. The composition of the granitoid magma belonging to the volcanic cycle is conditioned initially chiefly by the sial environment and geosynclinal strata. Magmatic complexes and formations are characterized by definite endogenic mineralizations. Chromium, nickel, cobalt, platinum, diamond, asbestos and other deposits are genetically connected with Proterozoic basic and ultrabasic rocks; gold, muscovite and tin-rare metal pegmatite with upper Proterozoic granitoids. Copper, galenaite and gold-ore occurrences are related to the postmagmatic manifestations of Salair granitoids. Deposits of pyrochlore carbonatites, molybdenite, graphite and others belong to Lower Devonian acidic and alkalic granitoids. — Auth. English summ.