赣南宁都地区区域变质岩研究

本文系统总结了区内区域变质岩的种类及岩石特征,对变质作用和原岩恢复以及变质作用的发生、发展演化特点进行了深入的研究,从而使该区区域变质岩的研究程度有了一定的提高。     

水气二相渗流耦合模型及其应用

本文建立了非饱和带水气二相渗流的耦合模型,并采用IMPES(隐式求解压力方程,显式求解饱和度)求解方法对该模型进行了求解。在此基础上,将该模型应用于沁水盆地TL煤层气井水气运移、产出的模拟计算,利用该井1999年2月9日～5月6日的水气排采资料,通过历史拟合计算,对影响该井水气产量的主要参数(如渗透率、表皮系数、相对渗透率等)进行了校正、识别,预测了该井未来20年的水气产量动态变化特征。     

北京西北部周边地区地质环境综合调查的意义

通过对北京西北部周边地质环境现状及成因的分析研究，阐述了开展北京乃至整个华北生态环境调查的深远影响和重要意义，并提出了针对性的建议。     

饱和砂层驱水渗透注浆分析

运用渗流力学理论,对饱和砂层在毛细力作用下的平面径向流、球形向心流两种渗透性注浆模型进行了推导,得到了球形和柱形渗透性注浆扩散公式。以球形扩散公式为例,结合工程实例并与常用的Maag球形扩散公式进行比较,结果表明,由Maag公式计算注浆所需时间偏小,文中公式更接近工程实际。最后探讨了注浆参数对扩散半径的影响,表明扩散半径对注浆参数的变化均较敏感,文中公式与Maag公式所得到的变化趋势基本一致。     

Continuous determination of drying-path SWRC of fine-grained soils

Establishing the soil water retention curve, SWRC or the soil water characteristic curve, SWCC, is very useful for determination of unsaturated properties of soils. However, it has been observed that SWRC of a soil is not unique and depends on various factors such as the initial moisture content, density of soil, method of compaction, soil fabric and the path (drying or wetting) adopted for establishing it. In this context, many techniques and instruments have been employed by earlier researchers for determination of the SWRC of soils. However, these techniques entail weighing of the samples during prolonged testing, manually, and hence yield discrete data points. In this situation, AquaSorp® Isotherm Generator (manufactured by Decagon Devices Inc., USA) has been found to be quite useful for continuous determination of the drying-path SWRC of fine-grained soils. This device has been primarily employed for food products, powders and amorphous materials. Hence, demonstration of the utility and limitations of this device for SWRC determination of fine-grained soils becomes essential. With this in mind, extensive studies were conducted on commercially available soils (Kaolinite and Bentonite) by employing this device. In order to understand the influence of specimen specific parameters on the obtained SWRCs, the molding water content and thickness of the specimens were varied and the results have been evaluated critically. Details of the methodology adopted for these investigations, and the findings of the study are presented in this technical note. Based on a critical comparison of the results obtained from this device with those obtained from the dewpoint potentiameter, WP4®, the utility of this device for continuous determination of drying-path SWRC of the soils has also been demonstrated.     

剪节理发育地区球状风化物的成因分析

在系统总结国内外关于球状风化物成因研究已有认识的基础上, 针对其中存在的一些值得商榷的问题,结合大量野外图片以及标本分析,对剪节理发育地区球状风化物的成因展开重点研究。提出由于应力作用使岩石内部产生球状细微剪切变动,之后受风化作用的影响形成了球状风化产物的新观点。以此为基础,分析了其他类型球状风化物的形成与力作用的关系。     

长螺旋旋喷搅拌帷幕止水桩在砂卵石含水地层基坑中的成功应用

结合本工程特点,从长螺旋旋喷搅拌帷幕止水桩的优点、设计条件、施工控制、质量检验等方面,对该技术在含水砂卵石地层中的有效止水作用,进行了系统的介绍。作为成功实例之一,意在使此项新技术能得到更好的推广、完善,使北京地区在含水砂卵石地层中的基坑帷幕止水工作更得心应手,减少浅部地下水排放,保护浅部地下水资源。     

岩土力学数值方法的应用及发展

本文为在第三届全国岩土力学数值分析与解析方法讨论会上的专题综述报告。文中就提交本届会议有关数值方法在岩土力学中的应用的论文以及数值方法的应用及发展的若干问题作一综合报导与述评。     

合肥地区粘性土物理力学指标的相关性分析

本文用数理统计的方法，对合肥地区具有代表性的616个粘性土试样的试验成果进行分析，建立了土性指标的线性方程，并进行了分析，为进一步研究该地区粘性土物理力学性质指标的相关性积累了资料。     

Characteristics of low frequency oscillations of the atmosphere-ocean coupling

The low frequency oscillation of latent heat flux over the tropical oceans has been studied. The NCEP reanalyzed fields of wind and humidity alongwith Reynolds SST are used to compute the instantaneous as well as monthly mean surface latent heat fluxes (LHF) for the year 1999. The procedure of LHF computation is based on bulk method. Spectral analysis shows that significant energy is contained in Madden Julian Oscillation band in the winds, SST, moisture and in the latent heat flux. The global distribution of wind, humidity, SST and LHF oscillation on the time scale of 30–50 days are analyzed. Maximum amplitude of oscillation on this time scale in all the above mentioned parameters were found over the Indian Ocean. The fluctuation of surface wind speed and moisture controls the latent heat flux on this time scale. The fluctuation of SST on this time scale does not seem to be important over most of the oceans.     

新围涂区土壤脱盐与地下水淡化预测分析

以浙江玉环县漩门二期水库蓄淡工程背景,从土壤盐分统计预报的基本方法——数理统计法出发来预测涂区土壤的脱盐速度,建立了对数函数数学模型并进行了模型的检验与讨论,得出适用于该滩涂湿地涂区的土壤脱盐量公式并进行了预测计算。在此基础上,采用相类似的对数函数拟合的方法对涂区土壤浅层地下水淡化速度进行了预测分析。     

pH值对长石溶解度及次生孔隙发育的影响

本文从长石溶解反应的机理及各离子形态在溶液中分布的热力学角度出发 ,论述了pH值对三个长石端员及高岭石在流体中溶解度的影响。在此基础上 ,进一步探讨了流体酸碱度对长石向高岭石转化和次生孔隙发育程度的制约 ,并提出了衡量次生孔隙发育程度的参数———转化系数D。     

Analytical study of freezing behavior of a cavity in thermo-poro-elastic medium

The goal of this paper is to present an analytical solution to have a first insight of the impact of ice formation on the surrounding porous rock on underground cavities like reservoir, pipes, tunnels or wellbores. Among the other analytical solutions found in the literature on this topic, the originality of this work resides in the rigorous theoretical framework of poromechanics, which considers the coupling between liquid water and ice crystal under thermodynamic equilibrium. Liquid water transport, thermal conduction, and elastic properties of the phases are also considered. Two analytical solutions are presented, based on a linearization of the system of governing equations. The first one deals with a spherical cavity within an infinite porous medium leading to an exact analytical solution. It allows validating the Stehfest’s algorithm on the numerical inversion of Laplace Transform, used in the second analytical solution, which considers a cylindrical excavation. The validity of this solution is assessed by comparing its results to that issued from a numerical resolution of the nonlinear system of equations. The analytical solution is then ultimately used to identify the influence of key parameters like the thermal/hydraulic conductivities, the amount of ice formed and the thermal dilatation coefficients on the mechanical response of a cylindrical cavity submitted to an internal frost.     

农业地质地球化学评价的理论与方法初探

针对农业地质环境调查发现的重金属高值区带和土地生态安全问题,建立了农业地质地球化学评价方法.该方法以元素地球化学循环和元素生物循环为理论依据,在已有研究成果和调查数据基础上,针对自然状态下农作物籽实中重金属元素与其在土壤中的质量分数间的复杂相应关系,建立了土壤-籽实响应关系模型,进而以镉为例,利用该模型并根据国家食品中镉限量卫生标准计算确定评价标准值,并据此将土地划分为安全土地、基本安全土地、警戒土地和危险土地4级,从而实现了利用土壤地球化学调查数据进行土地生态安全性评价的方法探索.     

数值解及解析解在岩体工程中的应用

本文是在第三届全国岩土力学数值分析和解析方法讨论会上所作的专题综述报告,是据提交给会议的部分论文,着重从数值方法在岩体工程的应用方面进行概括。它包括以下若干方面的课题,如岩体本构方程的模拟、锚喷支护的分析、岩体工程的反分析计算、洞室及竖井的围岩稳定与支护以及高边坡的稳定分析。从所提交的会议论文来看,在研究上述课题时,所采用的方法种类繁多,并具有独特的见解,它们在工程上的应用也已经取得了可喜的成效。     

Work of Adhesion of Thin Spray-On Liners

The interface property known as work of adhesion incorporates both adhesion and effective bond width, which are two important design parameters in thin spray-on liner (TSL) support design. The value of this parameter is yet to be recognized by the mining industry and liner manufacturers. The importance of this parameter is introduced in this study. A new methodology using pull-out load–displacement data was developed to calculate the work of adhesion between a TSL and a substrate. Tests were performed using Tekflex as a liner material, which was applied to concrete, granite or sandstone substrate. It was found that a Tekflex liner, when sprayed onto substrates, will likely have work of adhesion values around 777–973?N/m depending on the type of substrate. In addition, for the first time in TSL literature, an effective bond width calculation is introduced in this study. It was found that Tekflex has average effective bond width of 0.7?mm on different substrates. Liner manufacturers should measure and document work of adhesion for their products on a standard substrate.     

路基坡脚积水对多年冻土路基稳定性的影响研究进展

多年冻土路基的稳定性很大程度上取决于其下伏多年冻土层的热稳定性. 当融雪、降雨或人为等外界因素形成的路基坡脚积水持续一段时间后,这些积水可能通过入渗对流换热、热边界侵蚀、补给冻胀水分等方式加剧或诱发多年冻土路基热稳定性的下降和丧失. 通过回顾国内外相关文献,从影响多年冻土路基稳定性的因素、积水对路基活动层冻融过程中水分迁移的影响、热融湖塘类积水对冻土路基的热影响、降雨和融雪积水入渗对冻土路基的热影响等方面,归纳总结了坡脚积水对多年冻土路基影响方面的研究进展;在此基础上,提出了对此问题进一步深入的研究展望和探讨.     

Application of Numerical and Analytical Methods to Geotechnical Engineering

This is a summing-up report of the topic on application of numerical and analytical methods to geotechnical engineering, presented in the Third National Symposium on Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics. The application to rock mass and engineering is emphasized in this paper, based on the papers submitted to this symposium.     

引水补源工程对黛溪河流域地下水补给效果浅析

南水北调是国家级的重大水利工程,调水效果最终依赖于接收调水地区对调水的具体利用,引水补源工程是南水北调工程在邹平市的具体利用。为评价引水补源工程对黛溪河流域地下水的补给效果,在分析邹平市引水补源工程实施后黛溪河流域地下水资源的各个补给项的基础上,采用水均衡法计算各个地下水补给量,确定了黛溪河流域引水补源的总补给量。将总补给量视为本区地下水可开采资源量,将地下水可开采资源量与本区用水所需的地下水开采量相比较,对本区地下水资源可开采潜力进行了评价,论证了引水补源工程可有效缓解区内地下水超采问题。另外,还充分利用年地下水动态和多年地下水位动态变化等监测资料,揭示了引水补源工程对区内地下水的有效补充作用,为区内合理开发利用地下水资源提供了依据。