地质勘查中的数字图像处理技术

本文介绍用于地质勘查的数字图像处理技术。所处理的数据涉及遥感、地质、地球物理、地球化学和地理等学科的多源地学信息。针对地学信息的特殊性,研究和开发了各种数字图像处理方法,以增强和提取用于地质勘查的重要信息,辅助地质构造分析,并在矿产预测中取得初步效果,显示出数字图像处理技术在地质勘查中的应用潜力。     

DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION: PERFORMANCE AND POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY

A procedure for digital image correlation is described which is based on least squares window matching. The immediate aim is high precision parallax assessment, point transfer, and point measurement. Experiments and theory have confirmed the high accuracy potential of the method. By implementation of charge coupled device (CCD) video cameras in an analytical plotter, an experimental hardware and software configuration has been established with which the operational on line application of digital image correlation for conventional photogrammetric measuring tasks can be tested. First results of calibration and performance of the system are presented. They allow optimistic conclusions as to the further development and practical application of digital image processing in photogrammetry.     

DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING IN THE COMPILATION OF LUNAR PHOTOMAPS

A method of compiling lunar thematic photomaps is described, in which telescopically derived photometric data, representing the map theme of albedo variation, is portrayed on a topographic base map prepared from scanner data obtained from a space probe. Digital image processing is employed in a wide range of tasks including data averaging and filtration, and grid and scale transformation. Two maps, representing different versions of final output, are provided: a map with albedo variation displayed according to the shaded-isoline technique, and one in which numerical values are printed over a grid of control points. Translated from: Geodeziya i kartografiya, 1985, No. 1, pp. 38-44.     

SOME PHOTOGRAMMETRIC EXPERIMENTS WITH DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

Recent research involving photogrammetry applied to digital image processing at the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm is described. Three particular aspects have been investigated. These concern ground control points for satellite imagery; digital matching of simulated SPOT images; and digital matching of images which have different perspectives. Future prospects of research and development in related topics are outlined.     

遥感图像的多线程处理研究

针对目前大数据量遥感图像的处理普遍存在着速度较慢、效率不高的现状,提出了一种利用多线程技术对遥感图像分块进行并行处理的方法,利用系统资源克服了磁盘访问的瓶颈,有效地提高了大数据量遥感图像的处理速度。     

数字近景摄影测量在古建筑物重建中的应用研究

讨论了一种建立古建筑复杂表面构件的三维模型的方法.在工程作业现场,用数码相机 PC机 摄影测量软件 CAD的方法建立复杂构件的DSM.实践证明,这种方法是非常有效的.     

基于近景摄影测量的植物生长量量测方法研究

讨论了目前研究植物生长量量测方法的优缺点,阐述了数字近景摄影测量的基本原理和方法,并将该技术应用于模拟试验的植物生长量量测中.     

数字图像处理技术在煤层火灾遥感调查中的应用

本文介绍在S101图像处理系统上,应用数字图像处理技术提取有关煤层火灾信息的方法,着重介绍从多时相航空、航天热红外遥感图像中,提取地表活火区所使用的图像处理技术及其应用效果。     

应用数字图像处理技术处理数字高程模型数据和与数字高程模型数据相结合的遥感信息

本文介绍了数字图像处理技术在处理数字高程模型数据和遥感信息与数字高程模型数据相结 合的综合分析方面的应用；说明了实现人工阴影和人工立体观察像对的方法的基本原理及其在处 理数字高程模型数据上的应用；介绍了为提高遥感图像的可解译性,把遥感信息与数字高程模型 相结合,制作遥感图像的人工立体观察像对和立体透视图像的方法技术。     

遥感线性体场的数量化分析

遥感线性体场是地质构造场和成矿地质场在地球表面和光谱特征上的反映。本文从地质异常场和线性体场的概念出发,利用图像处理技术,较系统地研究了线性体的数据处理方法,建立了线性体场的数量化分析模式:（1）线性体场总体统计特征的计算和图示;（2）线性体场的数字表征;（3）线性体场的数学分析。并以铜陵地区为例,介绍了线性体场的数量化分析方法在地质构造分析和成矿预测中的应用。     

DIGITAL PROCESSING OF REMOTE SENSING IMAGERY IN SOIL MAPPING

The authors describe strategies for the utilization of digital image processing in the compilation of soil maps at scales of 1:1,000,000 and 1:25,000 for the trans-Volga region of Russia. Particular attention is devoted to an exploration of the effects of variations in soil humus content, texture, and degree of erosion upon spectral brightness coefficients. Results of the mapping demonstrate the promise of digital image processing in the differentiation of a number of chernozem soil subtypes. Translated by Edward Torrey, Alexandria, VA 22308 from: Aerokosmicheskiye metody v pochvovedenii i ikh ispol'zovaniye v sel'skom khozyaystve: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Remote Sensing Methods in Soil Science and Their Utilization in Agriculture: A Collection of Scientific Works]. Moscow: Nauka, 1990, pp. 214–225.