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利用卫星高度计风速资料研究海面粗糙度 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
海面粗糙度对于海洋工程和海洋军事都非常重要,但对海面粗糙度的现场观测资料非常少,这大大制约了我们对海面粗糙度的认识。本文利用TOPEX高度计风速资料,实现了对海面粗糙度的反演。利用1993年和1998年两年的资料,文中对西北太平洋海域的海面粗糙度进行了研究。 相似文献
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海面阻力系数模式的探讨 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
海面阻力系数模式的量值及其变化受制于多种因子[1,2].风对洋(或海)面施加的应力异于陆面,其原因在于下垫面不同:前者易动,后者则固定不变.这隐示着海浪在其中扮演的角色是不可轻视的. 相似文献
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台风海面最大风速的计算 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
由于目前利用气象卫星、雷达跟踪和飞机侦察等现代化的仪器装备,仍然很难准确地获得台风最大风速,利用实测台风最大风速与台风中心最低气压所建立的统计方程则常常性能不稳定,本文直接从大气运动方程出发,引入目前流行的经进推广的气压模式,导出了计算台风中心附近海面最大风速公式,这些公式的理论曲线与西太平洋台风风压关系的实验曲线相当吻合,经对1973和1983两年的台风及1970—1978每年的一个特强台风最大风速的试算,结果比较满意,同时分析计算结果表明,在台风中心附近,海面最大风速的计算,椭圆偏心气压结构的台风可以作为圆对称气压结构的台风处理,科氏力可忽略不计。 相似文献
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海面粗糙度对于海洋工程和海洋军事都非常重要,但对海面粗糙度的现场观测资料非常少, 这大大制约了对海面粗糙度的认识。利用 TOPEX 高度计风速资料实现了对海面粗糙度的反演,并利用 1993 年和1998 年两年的资料对西北太平洋海域的海面粗糙度进行了研究。 相似文献
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海面阻力系数的流体力学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用相似理论的方法 ,把解决湍流问题的尼古拉兹曲线引入到风应力的计算中。阐明了决定海面阻力系数的关键因素是海浪的平均波高及摩擦层厚度 ,并推出了它们之间的关系式。 相似文献
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两参量的海面阻力系数模式的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从风浪的能量平衡方程出发,引进若干风要素与波要素以及波要素之间的定性关系,经演算可导出海面阻力系数(Cp)或是风速(U)和波龄(β)或是U和波高(H)的函数,然后沿用最小二乘法,终将得出4组12个回归方程。当β(或β)或H为某一给定值,惟有U为唯一参量时,所提各式均可简化为非线性方程:CD=a+b,U+c.U^2;式中a,b和c为三个经验系数,就所检验的例子而言,本文的结果与实际的符合前人的为好。 相似文献
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The relationships between sea surface roughness z 0 and wind-wave parameters are analyzed,and spurious self-correlations are found in all of the parameterization schemes.Sea surface drag coefficient C D is fitted by four wind-wave parameters that are wave age,wave steepness,windsea Reynolds number R B and R H ,and the analyzed data are divided into laboratory,field and combined data sets respectively.Comparison and analysis of dependence of C D on wind-wave parameters show that R B can fit the C D most appropriately.Wave age and wave steepness are not suitable to fit C D with a narrow range data set.When the value of wave age has a board range,R H is not suitable to fit C D either.Three relationships between C D and R B are integrated into the bulk algorithm COARE to calculate the observational friction velocity,and the results show that the relationship between C D and R B which is fitted with field data set can describe the momentum transfer in the open ocean,under low-moderate wind speed condition,most appropriately. 相似文献
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The effect of the drag coefficient on a typhoon wave model is investigated.Drag coefficients for Pingtan Island are derived from the progress of nine typhoons using COARE 3.0 software.The wind parameters are obtained using the Weather Research and Forecasting model.The simulation of wind agrees well with observations.Typhoon wave fields are then simulated using the third-generation wave model SWAN.The wave model includes exponential and linear growths of the wind input,which determine the wave-growth mode.A triple triangular mesh is adopted with spatial resolution as fine as 100 m nearshore.The SWAN model performs better when using the new drag coefficient rather than the original coefficient. 相似文献
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利用新近提出的海面风应力系数线性参数化理论,定性地分析了已有风应力和风浪的观测数据。分析发现这些观测数据表明在小波陡的情形下海面风应力系数随风速的变化较大波陡的情形更加迅速。结果定性地倾向于支持Toba等的结果,即成熟的风浪较年轻的风浪更加粗糙。 相似文献
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太阳耀光是来自粗糙海面的直接太阳反射光,其强度与海面粗糙度密切相关,而海面粗糙度主要受海面风场影响。因此,包含太阳耀光信息的光学遥感影像在海洋动力过程和海面风速探测中具有积极意义。本文利用2016年2月到2017年3月期间成像的25幅Terra卫星MISR(Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer)传感器的多角度遥感影像,分别提取了太阳的高度角和方位角、正视和后视影像的卫星观测角、方位角等信息,校正获得正视和后视影像的太阳耀光辐射强度,进一步反演海表面粗糙度信息,进而计算海面风速。最后利用ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)的模式风速数据与反演获得的风速结果进行对比验证。结果表明,两者的相关系数较高(R=0.745),均方根误差和平均绝对偏差值分别为1.514 m·s-1和1.319 m·s-1。初步实验结果表明,利用MISR多角度光学遥感影像估算海表面风速是可行性的。 相似文献
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卫星高度计海面风速的校准与验证 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为了改善不同卫星高度计海面风速数据之间的一致性,以浮标数据为基准,对国内的HY-2A和国外的T/P、GFO、Jason-1、Envisat、Jason-2、CryoSat-2共7颗卫星高度计的海面风速数据进行了分析,给出了各个卫星高度计的海面风速校准公式,并对其校准效果进行了验证。验证结果表明:各个卫星高度计的海面风速在经过校准后,与浮标海面风速差异的均值和均方根都有所降低,其中HY-2A最为显著。经过校准后所有卫星高度计的海面风速与浮标海面风速差异的均值都在±0.2m/s以内。除了HY-2A、GFO和Jason-1,其余4颗卫星高度计校准后的海面风速与浮标海面风速差异的均方根都在1.6m/s以下。由此可以得出结论,利用本文的校准公式对各个卫星高度计(特别是HY-2A卫星高度计)的海面风速进行校准,可以有效减少其与浮标海面风速之间的差异。 相似文献
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On the parameterization of drag coefficient over sea surface 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Six parameterization schemes of roughness or drag coefficient are evaluated on the basis of the data from six experiments. They present great consistency with measurement when friction velocity u*<0.5 m/s (approximately corresponding to 10 m wind speed U10 <12 m/s) and large deviation from measurement when u*≥0.5 m/s (approximately U10≥12 m/s). In order to improve the deviation, a new parameterization of drag coefficient is derived on the basis of the similarity theory, Charnock relationship and Toba 3/2 power law. Wave steepness and wind-sea Reynolds number are considered in the new parameterization. Then it is tested on the basis of the measurements and shows significant improvement when u*≥0.5 m/s. Its standard errors are much smaller than the ones of the other six parameterizations. However, the new parameterization still needs more tests especially for high winds. 相似文献
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Long-term variations in a sea surface wind speed(WS) and a significant wave height(SWH) are associated with the global climate change, the prevention and mitigation of natural disasters, and an ocean resource exploitation,and other activities. The seasonal characteristics of the long-term trends in China's seas WS and SWH are determined based on 24 a(1988–2011) cross-calibrated, multi-platform(CCMP) wind data and 24 a hindcast wave data obtained with the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) wave model forced by CCMP wind data. The results show the following.(1) For the past 24 a, the China's WS and SWH exhibit a significant increasing trend as a whole, of3.38 cm/(s·a) in the WS, 1.3 cm/a in the SWH.(2) As a whole, the increasing trend of the China's seas WS and SWH is strongest in March-April-May(MAM) and December-January-February(DJF), followed by June-July-August(JJA), and smallest in September-October-November(SON).(3) The areal extent of significant increases in the WS was largest in MAM, while the area decreased in JJA and DJF; the smallest area was apparent in SON. In contrast to the WS, almost all of China's seas exhibited a significant increase in SWH in MAM and DJF; the range was slightly smaller in JJA and SON. The WS and SWH in the Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, the Tsushima Strait, the Taiwan Strait, the northern South China Sea, the Beibu Gulf, and the Gulf of Thailand exhibited a significant increase in all seasons.(4) The variations in China's seas SWH and WS depended on the season. The areas with a strong increase usually appeared in DJF. 相似文献
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基于微波散射计观测的气候态海面风场和风应力场 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
收集了星载微波散射计NSCAT,QuikSCAT和SeaWinds on ADOES-II的全球海面风速和方向L2B数据,数据涉及的时间序列长度为11.5 a。通过对所收集数据的质量控制、Loess低通空间滤波和统计处理,构建了气候态的逐月全球海面风场、风应力场和风应力旋度场(简称为SCAT),其空间网格间距为0.25°×0.25°。SCAT资料与其他有关资料相比,包含了更丰富的海面风场中小尺度空间变化的信息,可广泛应用于海洋、气候、海气相互作用等方面的研究,特别适合应用于海洋中小尺度过程的研究。作为我国海洋二号(HY-2)卫星预研项目的成果之一,SCAT资料将由国家海洋局国家卫星海洋应用中心提供给有关用户。 相似文献