地球内核快速旋转的发现及其动力学意义

地球内核快速自转的发现,证实了地球圈层差异旋转理论,其动力学意义在于：（１）旋转系统有不同于非旋转系统的物质运动方式和能量转换方式;（２）圈层有序差异旋转与无序差异旋转的交替是地磁反向的原因;（３）由于内核差异旋转,太阳辐射通过影响核幔角动量交换和电磁耦合控制地球内能释放,形成天文周期和地质旋回的一一对应关系;（４）地球内能释放产生的深海热对流可以引起全球变暖;（５）太阳系的膨胀与收缩产生行星的差异旋转,并形成相应的降温阶段和增温阶段。     

日地关系与地球磁场及有关地质变动的讨论

太阳风的质量外流率不是固定不变的，目前太阳风的质量外流率是１０－１４Ｍθ／ａ（Ｍθ为太阳现在的质量），在１０４ａ的幼年时期，太阳风的质量外流率为１０－５～１０－６Ｍθ／ａ。因此在天文演化阶段，地球与太阳的距离比现在更近，受太阳风的作用更为强烈。对作差异旋转的地球内核而言，地质时期的太阳辐射量变化可以影响核幔角动量交换、电磁耦合和内核振动，控制核幔边界的能量交换过程，造成超级热幔柱的形成与喷发。这是天文周期与地质旋回一一对应的原因。对地球内核差异旋转的原因进行了讨论，认为它是重力分异和液核对流的结果     

与地球膨胀有关的数值估计

对与地球膨胀有关的若干问题进行了探讨,认为目前的固体地球的膨胀与早期的固体地球收缩相对应。通过对两种演化过程能量变化的数值计算,分析、讨论了地球在整个演化过程中应该发生的一些地质现象,如岩浆洋的存在,大气圈和地核的快速形成等,从而为进一步的验证提供理论根据。     

地球膨胀造陆与大陆极向运动

本研究对地球起源与海陆成因及变迁等问题进行论证，以物质运动基本原理（物质集中、能量释放）提出：“地球中间膨胀（释能）造陆、大陆向两极移动”的新学说（１９８２年）。认为地球成因与演变同其它天体一样，是在星际物质集中下发生的能量释放过程。由于地球水分子多，能量释放缓慢亦使陆地生成缓慢，陆地是其后产生的。陆地主要生成在地球自转离心力、日月引力、地球张力（内能膨胀）的最强区。这样不仅使地球会演变成椭球体，同时膨胀区大陆在向两极方向移动中，便发生海陆变迁与地表形变。     

水库诱发地震的能源研究

根据力学原理证明水库蓄水使地球释放动能，能量释放地在库区或库区邻近。导出了计算此动能的公式。指出它是诱发水库地震的一个新因素     

地球自转与八十年代中国的大震活动趋势

本文研究了中国和全球大地震能量释放与地球自转变化的关系,分析了中国大地震活动的时间和空间分布特征。根据中国大地震能量释放主要集中在地球自转角速度相对变化曲线的中段,我们推测,八十年代末至九十年代初,中国西部地区特别是西北地区有可能发生特大地震。     

青藏高原东北缘尖扎盆地晚中新世地层绝对天文年代标尺的建立

位于青藏高原东北缘的尖扎盆地沉积了巨厚的新生代风成沉积物,夹杂有河湖相沉积层段,已进行了高分辨率磁性地层学和环境磁学研究,是旋回地层学研究的良好剖面。以尖扎盆地加让剖面3～361 m晚中新世沉积地层为研究对象,通过系统的旋回地层学研究,旨在建立加让剖面的绝对天文年代标尺,提取尖扎盆地中蕴含影响古气候演化的地球轨道参数的主导周期,为进一步进行海陆对比和深入研究古气候环境演化提供基础数据。加让剖面古气候替代性指标频率磁化率(χ_( fd))数据序列深度域频谱分析表明:3～361 m层段存在稳定的代表长偏心率周期的26 m沉积旋回,代表其他地球轨道参数周期的沉积旋回也有所体现,但并不稳定。基于识别出的沉积旋回,利用稳定的405 ka长偏心率周期对3～361 m深度域频率磁化率数据序列进行天文调谐,结合加让剖面磁性地层年代框架,建立了11.758～5.890 Ma的绝对天文年代标尺。经过天文调谐的频率磁化率数据序列时间域与古地磁年代结果吻合较好,表明建立的天文年代标尺是可靠的。加让剖面频率磁化率与深海氧同位素记录频谱分析显示,在约7.2 Ma存在明显的周期转变。这一记录表明,东亚夏季风在7.2 Ma之前由41 ka的斜率周期主导,在7.2 Ma之后受控于100 ka的短偏心率周期。     

地球质心偏移与各圈层形变

地幔结构的地震层析图象显示热心南偏和质心北偏可能是地球南北反对称的动力基础。建立了南北半球密度反对称分布的数学模型，计算结果表明：地壳地幔南北半球的密度不均匀分布可使地核偏离地球质心１～３公里，完全符合张焕志１９８２年的计算结果。质心偏移将造成地球各圈层相同数量级的等位移动与等位变形，从而产生大幅度的全球海平面变化和地壳形变。     

岩石·土壤·健康

我们常把地球比作人类的母亲。地球何止仅是人类的母亲,她是地球一切生灵的母亲。母亲给了一切生灵生的力量,这种力量就是能量。这种能量来自大气中的氧、水圈中的淡水,而维系生命所需要的食物来自地壳表层的土壤。土壤是地球表壳岩石经过百万年的风化、搬运、沉积等各种地质作     

岩石圈伸缩的机制和规模

岩石圈形变是各种力源综合作用的结果。数值计算表明，地球内热积累产生的热膨胀是岩石圈深大断裂的力源，日月引潮力等是岩石圈反复蠕变积累能量后产生大规模运动的力源。这个结论与已知的地质资料相吻合     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied