地球内核快速旋转的发现及其动力学意义

地球内核快速自转的发现,证实了地球圈层差异旋转理论,其动力学意义在于：（１）旋转系统有不同于非旋转系统的物质运动方式和能量转换方式;（２）圈层有序差异旋转与无序差异旋转的交替是地磁反向的原因;（３）由于内核差异旋转,太阳辐射通过影响核幔角动量交换和电磁耦合控制地球内能释放,形成天文周期和地质旋回的一一对应关系;（４）地球内能释放产生的深海热对流可以引起全球变暖;（５）太阳系的膨胀与收缩产生行星的差异旋转,并形成相应的降温阶段和增温阶段。     

日地关系与地球磁场及有关地质变动的讨论

太阳风的质量外流率不是固定不变的，目前太阳风的质量外流率是１０－１４Ｍθ／ａ（Ｍθ为太阳现在的质量），在１０４ａ的幼年时期，太阳风的质量外流率为１０－５～１０－６Ｍθ／ａ。因此在天文演化阶段，地球与太阳的距离比现在更近，受太阳风的作用更为强烈。对作差异旋转的地球内核而言，地质时期的太阳辐射量变化可以影响核幔角动量交换、电磁耦合和内核振动，控制核幔边界的能量交换过程，造成超级热幔柱的形成与喷发。这是天文周期与地质旋回一一对应的原因。对地球内核差异旋转的原因进行了讨论，认为它是重力分异和液核对流的结果     

与地球膨胀有关的数值估计

对与地球膨胀有关的若干问题进行了探讨,认为目前的固体地球的膨胀与早期的固体地球收缩相对应。通过对两种演化过程能量变化的数值计算,分析、讨论了地球在整个演化过程中应该发生的一些地质现象,如岩浆洋的存在,大气圈和地核的快速形成等,从而为进一步的验证提供理论根据。     

地球膨胀造陆与大陆极向运动

本研究对地球起源与海陆成因及变迁等问题进行论证，以物质运动基本原理（物质集中、能量释放）提出：“地球中间膨胀（释能）造陆、大陆向两极移动”的新学说（１９８２年）。认为地球成因与演变同其它天体一样，是在星际物质集中下发生的能量释放过程。由于地球水分子多，能量释放缓慢亦使陆地生成缓慢，陆地是其后产生的。陆地主要生成在地球自转离心力、日月引力、地球张力（内能膨胀）的最强区。这样不仅使地球会演变成椭球体，同时膨胀区大陆在向两极方向移动中，便发生海陆变迁与地表形变。     

水库诱发地震的能源研究

根据力学原理证明水库蓄水使地球释放动能，能量释放地在库区或库区邻近。导出了计算此动能的公式。指出它是诱发水库地震的一个新因素     

地球自转与八十年代中国的大震活动趋势

本文研究了中国和全球大地震能量释放与地球自转变化的关系,分析了中国大地震活动的时间和空间分布特征。根据中国大地震能量释放主要集中在地球自转角速度相对变化曲线的中段,我们推测,八十年代末至九十年代初,中国西部地区特别是西北地区有可能发生特大地震。     

地球质心偏移与各圈层形变

地幔结构的地震层析图象显示热心南偏和质心北偏可能是地球南北反对称的动力基础。建立了南北半球密度反对称分布的数学模型，计算结果表明：地壳地幔南北半球的密度不均匀分布可使地核偏离地球质心１～３公里，完全符合张焕志１９８２年的计算结果。质心偏移将造成地球各圈层相同数量级的等位移动与等位变形，从而产生大幅度的全球海平面变化和地壳形变。     

岩石·土壤·健康

我们常把地球比作人类的母亲。地球何止仅是人类的母亲,她是地球一切生灵的母亲。母亲给了一切生灵生的力量,这种力量就是能量。这种能量来自大气中的氧、水圈中的淡水,而维系生命所需要的食物来自地壳表层的土壤。土壤是地球表壳岩石经过百万年的风化、搬运、沉积等各种地质作     

岩石圈伸缩的机制和规模

岩石圈形变是各种力源综合作用的结果。数值计算表明，地球内热积累产生的热膨胀是岩石圈深大断裂的力源，日月引潮力等是岩石圈反复蠕变积累能量后产生大规模运动的力源。这个结论与已知的地质资料相吻合     

热水沉积矿床研究的现状与趋势

热水沉积是一种非常重要的地质作用．它是地球内部物质和能量释放到近地表至地表所发生的以沉积为主，包括复杂的结晶、交代、充填等作用及其形成物的总称。热水沉积矿床在时间上主要形成于元古代、晚古生代和现代．而古生代又集中于泥盆纪。成矿金属主要来自矿体以下沉积柱岩石或基底岩石的淋滤。热水沉积成矿流体的水主要来自于海水和大气降水．成矿模式主要是盆地压实卤水模式和海底热液对流模式。目前热水沉积矿床研究存在这样一些问题：热水沉积成矿作用在地球上是否具普遍性，热水沉积成矿作用中的物质来源．整个热水沉积成矿作用的驱动力是什么，成矿流体的来源和如何运移等，这些问题至今还没有得到令人信服的解释。因此．今后的研究趋势是加强对热水沉积矿床的地质环境和深部背景、对成矿流体地球物理化学界面、对热水沉积盆地尤其是热水沉积盆地中热水沉积矿床岩相的研究以及利用先进的计算机技术进行建模研究。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.     

Author Index for Journal of Mountain Science Volume 11,2014,pp 1-1656

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Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research