集宁地区两类古元古代重熔花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石成因

学术界对集宁-凉城地区的古元古代重熔型花岗岩成因一直持有不同的解释,本文对集宁土贵乌拉-隆盛庄一带两类重熔花岗岩进行了同位素年代学及地球化学研究.锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学结果显示,斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩具有1 954 Ma的侵位年龄及1 827 Ma的变质年龄,变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩具有1 956 Ma的侵位年龄.岩石地球化学特征显示斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩低硅、高镁铁,具有Eu负异常及Sr的相对亏损;变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩富硅、贫铁镁,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,富集K和Rb、Ba等亲石元素.二者形成时代相同,可能源自幔源岩浆底侵造成的重熔,斑状石榴紫苏二长花岗质片麻岩源岩为孔兹岩系沉积岩,混合了一定比例的幔源物质组分并经过分离结晶过程;变质淡色石榴二长花岗岩源岩主要为孔兹岩系沉积岩,较少受到幔源组分的影响.      

赞比亚北部卡帕图地区古元古代花岗岩成因:岩石地球化学、锆石年代学及Hf同位素约束

赞比亚北部地区广泛发育古元古代花岗岩,是研究班韦乌卢地块构造岩浆作用特征的天然实验室.本文对赞比亚北部卡帕图地区大面积出露的花岗岩体开展较系统的岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究.结果显示,卡帕图地区主体花岗岩形成于2012±11～1970±20Ma,晚期浅肉红色似斑状正长花岗岩侵位年龄为1959...     

“吕梁运动”新认识

吕梁运动(1.90~1.70 Ga)长久以来被认为是华北克拉通最终稳定固结的造山运动.事实上, 在古元古代末期华北克拉通以伸展-裂解构造为主, 表现为拗拉谷系发育、非造山岩浆活动(环斑花岗岩、斜长岩、辉长岩、花岗岩类及伟晶岩脉等)、大规模基性岩墙群侵位以及早期变质基底隆升或退变质构造热事件等.对已有的大量同位素年代学资料分析后证明, 这一时期的岩浆侵位与基底构造-热事件在时间上的分布具有多峰式特点, 克拉通基底隆升退变质事件滞后于岩浆侵位, 明显区别于造山带普遍记录的构造变形-变质-岩浆侵位的事件序列.古元古代末期构造格局的重新认识, 为我国克拉通在元古代超大陆中的再造模式提供了最基本的制约条件.      

鲁西地区新太古代晚期正长-二长花岗岩成因及地质意义

鲁西地区位于华北克拉通东部,是研究区域太古宙演化的重要地区。以鲁西地区西南部出露的正长-二长花岗岩为研究对象,系统开展了岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄与Hf同位素组成研究。结果表明,该正长-二长花岗岩为钙碱性、过铝质。锆石U-Pb年龄揭示正长-二长花岗岩侵位于～2 540～2 530 Ma;锆石Hf同位素组成表明其主体由～2.70 Ga的TTG类岩石熔融形成,但再循环的古老地壳组分也参与了岩浆产生过程。微量元素和同位素组成模拟计算结果表明,正长-二长花岗岩是由97%的新生TTG地壳组分部分熔融和3%的变质表壳岩部分熔融物混合形成。结合区域特征,我们认为正长-二长花岗岩形成于伸展构造环境中,该区新太古代晚期岩浆作用与板片俯冲后回撤作用有关,板片回撤过程所致的软流圈上涌为此类岩石的岩浆产生提供了热源。     

西昆仑阿克萨依铁矿二长花岗岩岩石成因及动力学背景:年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素约束

对甜水海地块东北部阿克萨依矽卡岩型铁矿区内与矿化有关的二长花岗岩开展LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素及锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究,旨在厘定花岗岩的形成时代、岩石成因及成矿动力学背景.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,二长花岗岩侵位年龄为12.37±0.18 Ma(中新...     

辽东翁泉沟硼矿区二长花岗岩脉锆石U-Pb年龄及对成矿时代的制约

辽东地区翁泉沟硼矿区露天采场产出一条切穿硼矿体的二长花岗岩脉.本研究采集了该二长花岗岩脉的薄片、化学分析样品,并进行锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年代学测试分析.该二长花岗岩脉具有高SiO2含量,为71.82%~75.68%,较高的Na2O+K2O含量,为8.41%~10.57%,属钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩.岩脉中锆石颗粒呈自形柱状,CL图中较黑,因铀含量较高引起.U-Pb上交点年龄为1842±29Ma,其中9个测点得出1842±30Ma的加权平均年龄,反映了该花岗岩脉侵位于古元古代晚期,同时翁泉沟硼镁铁矿成矿应早于该时代.此年龄与前人研究古元古代胶辽吉造山过程中变质作用峰后时间相吻合,反映了古元古代造山作用过程中伴随了硼矿成矿事件.     

扬子陆核元古宙早期钾长花岗岩的地球化学研究

<正>扬子陆核崆岭地区的圈椅埫钾长花岗岩岩体是目前崆岭构造穹窿区唯一已有相对可信同位素年代学研究基础的古元古代晚期酸性岩浆作用的产物,因此成为了解扬子克拉通核部元古宙早期岩浆事件的代表性地质单元之一。本文以其为研究对象,系统研究了其年代学和地球化学特征,并据此对岩石成因和扬子陆核古元古代构造演化过程进行了探讨。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,圈椅埫花岗岩形成年龄为1822±44 Ma,说明其为扬子陆核典型的元古宙早期岩浆活动产物。地球化学研究表明,该花     

安徽大别山团岭花岗岩体岩石学特征及成因

团岭花岗岩体侵位于大别山南部超高压变质带变质表壳岩中, 由细粒少斑二长花岗岩和中粒少斑二长花岗岩组成。通过岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学的研究, 确定其为Ｓ 型花岗岩, 源岩可能来自大别山变质杂岩。结合同位素资料, 认为其属燕山期花岗岩, 侵位机制为底辟式强力就位。     

丹巴地区前震旦纪岩浆岩地球化学研究

丹巴地区前震旦纪结晶基底中具代表性的格宗和公差等花岗岩体，对其构造地质学、岩石学、岩石化学及岩石地球化学特征，以及同位素年代学特征的重点研究后，认为它们应主要为区内未出露的成熟度较低的中元古代（距今约１６００Ｍａ）的火山－沉积岩，于晚元古代（晋宁期）经深溶岩浆作用和变质作用改造重新组合固结而形成，并于喜马拉雅期遭受构造－热事件影响再度活化的壳源型花岗岩．是属扬子克拉通西缘晚元古代造山带的一个组成部分．     

冀东地区麻粒岩相变质作用的演化

据冀东迁安－遵化一带麻粒岩相区的变质岩石、变质矿物及其组构特征、变质作用的温度、压力条件,结合同位素年代学资料,以及岩浆作用、构造变形作用和变质作用之间的关系,可将本区太古代变质作用划分为两期。太古代第一期变质作用只限于表壳岩包体岩石中,变质级为高角闪岩相和辉石麻粒岩相,第二期变质作用发生在晚太古代,早期变质阶段是在紫苏花岗岩侵位以后发生的辉石麻粒岩相变质作用,晚期变质阶段发生在稍后侵位的基性侵入岩体、英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩等深成侵入体中,变质级达角闪麻粒岩相。早元古代第一期角闪石榴二辉麻粒岩型岩脉,遭受了辉石麻粒相变质作用,第二期角闪石榴斜长辉石岩型岩脉经历了角闪麻粒岩相变质作用。这些变质作用在早期岩石中都有不同程度的叠加。麻粒岩相变质作用的温度在７００℃～９２０℃,压力在０．８８～１．１４ＧＰａ。变质作用的ＰＴｔ演化呈现了逆时针近等压冷却的轨迹     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案（1999/30/EC）,对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10 μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提出了具体测定要求。     

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.     

Regional distribution of Al,B, Ba,Ca, K,La, Mg,Mn, Na,P, Rb,Si, Sr,Th, U and Y in terrestrial moss within a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region: influence of geology,seaspray and human activity

Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km² area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population).     

Petrographic, mineralogy, and geochemistry of coals of Pabedana, Kerman Province, Central Iran

This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds.     

Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA

The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.