低雷诺数圆柱绕流特性的数值模拟

为分析圆柱绕流近场水动力学特性随雷诺数变化规律,采用分区结构化网格及层流模型求解不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,对低雷诺数圆柱绕流进行数值模拟.在未施加任何扰动的条件下获得圆柱绕流2种特殊绕流场;分析壁面压力因数、平均阻力因数、脉动阻力、升力因数、Strouhal.数及边界层分离点等参数随雷诺数变化规律,结果与...     

油藏数值模拟的裂缝/溶洞嵌入式计算模型

碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟需要处理几何形态较为复杂的裂缝,对碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏还须处理形状各异的溶蚀孔洞。采用传统的嵌入式离散裂缝模型时,需要将复杂裂缝划分为细密的网格,计算量较大,且难以准确处理溶洞。建立一种裂缝/溶洞嵌入式计算模型,对基质系统进行结构化网格剖分以形成基质单元,根据需要把单个裂缝或一组裂缝划分为一个裂缝单元,将大型溶洞根据几何形状划分为一个或数个连通的溶洞单元;采用推导的半解析方法计算裂缝或溶洞单元同基质单元的传导率,实现裂缝或溶洞在结构化基质网格中的嵌入。交叉裂缝、含洞储层和三维复杂缝网算例数值模拟结果表明,裂缝/溶洞嵌入式方法计算效率较高,对于形态较为复杂的裂缝和溶洞有很好的适用性。     

基于期望值模型的注水管网摩阻因数反演

为对油田注水管网摩阻因数进行反演求解,将注水管网节点部分未知压力设为随机参数,建立注水管网管道摩阻因数反演的一类随机优化模型———期望值模型;给出利用随机模拟技术和遗传算法求解期望值优化模型的数值方法.通过对理想注水管网进行反演求解,验证模型的合理性和算法的可行性.     

基于双欧拉模型的流化床气固两相流场数值模拟

为解决低流化风速下采用Syamlal-O' Brien曳力模型计算流化床内流化过程误差较大的问题,选择曳力模型预测初始最小流化条件,结合实验数据,修正Syamlal-O' Brien曳力模型,并采用双欧拉模型对均匀床内低速气固两相流场进行数值计算.结果表明:修正Syamlal-O' Brien曳力模型计算结果略小于实验...     

流变特性对青藏高原构造变形影响的数值模拟

建立三维黏弹性有限元模型,采用标准线性固体本构关系,分析流变特性对青藏高原现今构造变形的控制作用。模拟结果显示：1）在高原地壳介质流变机制的控制下,青藏高原内部从西向东,东向位移分量逐渐增大。最大值出现在甘孜 玉树 鲜水河断裂带区域内,反映了青藏高原的物质东移运动;2）在菱形块体中南部,其东侧区域向东南方向运动,而其西侧区域则转向西南方向运动;3）中地壳强流变模型与下地壳强流变模型给出的计算结果总体特征相似,二者均能较好模拟高原物质东流以及绕喜马拉雅东构造结的顺时针转动;4）流变特性对青藏高原构造变形特征的影响较大。     

栗西栗峪河系氟污染的数值模拟

本文在野外水文地质调查的基础上,通过概化河流水质模型、确定计算参数和采用有限差分法来离散水质模型的办法,用计算机模拟了不同排污状态、不同水文特征下该河系水中氟浓度的年份变化规律,从而为评价该河系水中氟污染程度提供了定量依据。     

波纹开缝翅片管换热器传热与流动性的数值模拟

提出一种波纹开缝翅片管换热器,对其传热与流动特性进行三维数值模拟,选择Re范围在1 000到5 000时与平板开缝翅片的模拟相比较。结果表明,在Re小于2 752时,平板开缝比波纹开缝的换热效果好,而Re大于2 752时,波纹开缝比平板开缝换热效果更好,并且波纹开缝翅片管换热器的流动阻力小于平板开缝,因此,Re大于2 752时波纹开缝比平板开缝综合效果更好。     

基于CPML边界条件的水下地质雷达数值模拟

水下的地质雷达探测与常规的地质雷达探测具有显著的不同点。文中对CPML吸收边界条件的公式进行推导,并通过数值模拟对均匀介质以及非均匀介质中吸收边界条件的吸收效果进行了验证,数值模拟的波场快照证明了CPML吸收边界条件在水下的地质雷达数值模拟中具有很好的吸收效果。通过对水平层状介质模型以及倾斜层状介质模型开展数值模拟,并结合实际探测的雷达图像,证明地质雷达对于水下地层的探测能够取得良好的效果;通过对空洞体位于不同深度时的数值模拟,证明了地质雷达对于水下的空洞探测也能对其位置及规模进行较为准确的判断。这为水下地质灾害的探测提供了理论依据及指导。     

基于数值模拟的含水层参数识别

利用地下水流数值模拟软件Modflow耦合大型抽水试验和长观孔水位两个模型的方法,对含水层参数进行了识别与校验,该方法求得的含水层参数避免了只利用抽水试验模型校验所带来的不确定性.同时利用抽水实验数据进行抽水与恢复的全过程曲线拟合,水位降深模拟相对误差小于6%,并且对均衡水量、泉水的溢出量以及末流场拟合程度进行了分析,均衡水量模拟相对误差最大为2.6%,泉水溢出量模拟相对误差最大为8.14%,末流场拟合程度也较好,从而提高了含水层参数的准确性.实例研究表明,这种求参方法精度高、切实可行,可以推广到其他的含水层参数确定中.     

基于离散裂隙网络法和水流数值模拟技术的地下水封洞库水封性研究

水封性是保证地下水封洞库安全运营的关键,目前研究地下水封洞库水封性的主要难点在于裂隙岩体含水层强烈的非均质性和各向异性。以某地下水封洞库工程为背景,通过实测裂隙几何参数分析裂隙发育特征,建立了研究区离散裂隙网络模型。之后对研究区进行网格化划分计算了各单元体渗透系数张量,基于对裂隙渗流基本规律的理解和假设建立了研究区高精度的非均质各向异性渗流模型,并对研究区渗透性特征进行分析。通过建立非均质各向异性渗流模型对水幕系统水封性能进行了探讨并与传统均质各向同性渗流模型进行对比分析,利用该模型可以弥补传统均质各向同性渗流模型的不足,更加准确地评价由于裂隙岩体非均质各向异性造成的储品泄漏风险。     

禁忌搜索优化的投影寻踪及其在水资源评价中的应用

在深入分析区域水资源可持续利用评价系统的基础上，建立了区域水资源可持续利用能力评价指标体系，并将基于禁忌搜索优化的投影寻踪技术（TSPP）应用于水资源可持续利用评价。通过对淮河片区水资源可持续利用能力的初步研究，表明了此模型能完整而系统地反映区域水资源可持续利用能力，并且直观、简便，在各种实际系统评价中具有应用价值。     

Study on numerical simulation to water lowering in an open coal mine digging

In view of the situation of excavation of open coal mine for the underground water disaster,we should carry out simulation studies for the numerical value of the water lowering project and improve the accuracy and the level of the water lowering project.On the basis of the hydrological geological conditions of certain open mine digging,a more reasonable seepage numerical model was built according to MODFLOW.It was simulated in advance that the process of the confined water level descending with the time,and combining with the actual observations to test the correctness of the model.The calculation showed that the results coincided well with the results of actual measurement.Based on this,different water lowering numerical simulations were built for the open coal mine digging.It could be simulated and forecast that the changes of the groundwater level in drainage process within and outside the mine pit,and it was quantitatively assessed that the possible water lowering result of the opencast water drainage process,which provide an important basis for the actual water lowering project and the possible project disposal.     

Study on numerical simulation to water lowering in an open coal mine digging

In view of the situation of excavation of open coal mine for the underground water disaster, we should carry out simulation studies for the numerical value of the water lowering project and improve the accuracy and the level of the water lowering project. On the basis of the hydrological geological conditions of certain open mine digging, a more reasonable seepage numerical model was built according to MODFLOW. It was simulated in advance that the process of the confined water level descending with the time, and combining with the actual observations to test the correctness of the model. The calculation showed that the results coincided well with the results of actual measurement. Based on this, different water lowering numerical simulations were built for the open coal mine digging. It could be simulated and forecast that the changes of the groundwater level in drainage process within and outside the mine pit, and it was quantitatively assessed that the possible water lowering result of the opencast water drainage process, which provide an important basis for the actual water lowering project and the possible project disposal.     

基于WRF模式的陕西两次区域性秋季暴雨的数值模拟

2005年陕西秋淋天气明显且偏晚,通过WRF模式对秋淋期间的两次区域性暴雨模拟结果显示,暴雨雨带走向、强降雨中心位置以及强降水出现的时间段等都与实况基本吻合,预报时效可达36-48小时;模式能成功地模拟出暴雨的主要影响系统和不同时段的风场演变变化.分析表明,利用该模式可以对不同类型暴雨进行机理分析和研究,能够作为未来客观预报陕西转折性天气和暴雨天气一种新的技术手段和工具.     

SCENARIOS SIMULATION OF COUPLING SYSTEM BETWEEN URBANIZATION AND ECO-ENVIRONMENT IN JIANGSU PROVINCE BASED ON SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODEL

1IN T R O D U C T IO NU rbanizationand eco-environment coupling is uniqueand complex,and itsmechanisms and ruleshave pro-voked much scholarship(B RENNA,1999).More than100yearsago,HOWARD(1898)publishedG ardenC ities of Tom orrow to revealthe interrelationshibpes-tween citygrowth and itseco-environment,and he triedtodealwiththeissuewithrationalplanningway,buthefailed(BOURNE and SIMMONS,1978).However,onlysincethe1920s had thetopicspeciallybeen intensfiied.AftertheChicago schoolhad…     

Research and application of mineral resources assessment by weights of evidence model based on SIG

Geological data are usually of the characteristics of multi-source, large amount and multi-scale. The construction of Spatial Information Grid overcomes the shortages of personal computers when dealing with geological data. The authors introduce the definition, architecture and flow of mineral resources assessment by weights of evidence model based on Spatial Information Grid （SIG）. Meanwhile, a case study on the prediction of copper mineral occurrence in the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt is given. The results show that mineral resources assessement based on SIG is an effective new method which provides a way of sharing and integrating distributed geospatial information and improves the efficiency greatly.     

Research and application of mineral resources assessment by weights of evidence model based on SIG

Geological data are usually of the characteristics of multi-source, large amount and multi-scale. The construction of Spatial Information Grid overcomes the shortages of personal computers when dealing with geological data. The authors introduce the definition, architecture and flow of mineral resources assessment by weights of evidence model based on Spatial Information Grid (SIG). Meanwhile, a case study on the prediction of copper mineral occurrence in the Middle-Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt is given. The results show that mineral resources assessement based on SIG is an effective new method which provides a way of sharing and integrating distributed geospatial information and improves the efficiency greatly.     

中国城市网络核心-边缘结构演化及影响因素研究——基于制造业企业网络视角

基于制造业企业网络视角的城市网络核心—边缘结构的研究将加深对城市网络演化规律的理解。利用2020年中国制造业500强企业网络数据和隶属联系模型构建城市网络,研究了中国城市网络核心—边缘结构的演化特征,定量测度了核心—边缘结构的影响因素,并根据国际生产折衷理论解析了城市网络地位分异的动力机制。研究发现: 2005—2020年,核心区块的城市数量逐渐增加,主要由直辖市、经济特区以及东、中部地区的省会城市组成,这些城市通过互惠性的链接关系形成了凝聚子群,网络权力较为集中;边缘区块的城市则主要位于中、西部地区,城市间经济联系相对稀疏,整体网络结构并不稳定,城市的发展受到了网络资本的约束。关键资源、基础设施和区位优势是影响中国城市网络地位的决定性因素,择优选择、网络邻近和路径依赖构成了中国城市网络核心—边缘结构演化的动力机制,这将进一步增强核心城市的网络地位。在网络环境下,城市间的差距趋于扩大,城市网络地位的提升取决于城市在网络中的影响力,中国城市化政策需要做出相应调整。