海地地震发生在构造复杂的地震活动带

北京时间2010年1月13日5时53分（当地时间2010年1月12日16时53分）,加勒比岛国海地发生7．3级地震（震中18．5°N,72．5°W）,首都太子港及全国大部分地区受灾情况严重,大片建筑物倒塌,死亡人数不断攀升。这场地震是海地自1770年以来遭遇的最强地震,     

海地地震彰显更好地利用地震信息的必要性

2010年1月12日（当地时间,译者注,下同）,沿海地Ennquillo—Plantain Garden断裂带（EPGFZ）的一部分区段发生了走滑型地震。当美国普渡大学（Purdue University）地球与大气科学系地球物理学教授Eric CMais首次得知有关此次地震的消息时,     

海地7.3级地震概况和烈度计算

2010年1月13日,海地共和国发生了Ms7．3级地震,是海地建国200年来最大的一次地震。据海地内政部长说,地震死亡人数可能高达20万,150万人无家可归,估计受影响人口超过300万。截至18日清晨（北京时间）,已经发现了5万具尸体,大约4万具尸体已经在首都外部集体掩埋。据CNN的报道,海地地震死亡人数已经达到了15万。     

1994年震情述评

１９９４年震情述评丁鉴海，刘杰（中国北京１０００３６国家地震局分析预报中心）１１９９４年我国地震活动实况１９９４年我国共发生人Ｍｓ≥５．０级地震４８次（大陆及近海地区２９次，台湾地区１９次），其中Ｍｓ≥６．０级地震９次（大陆及近海地区４次，台湾地区５...     

日本中部菲律宾海板块和欧亚板块之间的地震平静边界

根据关东－东海地区１９８０年１月至１９９３年４月期间的地震资料，描绘出了菲律宾海板块和欧亚板块之间目前地震平静的边界。关东－东海地区的大多数地震，不是发生在上覆板块（欧亚板块）之内，就是发生在俯冲板块（菲律宾海板块）之中，其震源深度不到３０ｋｍ。     

1995年震情述评

１９９５年震情述评丁鉴海，刘杰，余素荣（中国北京１０００３６国家地震局分析预报中心）１１９９５年我国地震活动概况１９９５年我国共发生５级以上地震４８次（大陆及近海地区３０次，台湾地区１７次，南海１次），其中６级以上地震８次（中缅边境２次，云南１次，北...     

通海地磁Z分量拟合差及月距平与云南强震危险性分析

对1986年以来的通海地磁相对观测Z分量月均值资料进行拟合及月距平分析发现,云南地区M≥6.0强震发生前,通海地磁Z分量速率变化显著,具有加速上升或加速下降的变化特征.2009年3月至2010年6月出现加速上升48.5 nT异常变化,持续时间达15个月,由震例统计及指标显示,未来1年或稍长时间,云南地区存在发生6级左右...     

强震概率增长时段判定法在粤东及邻区的应用

将强震概率增长时段判定法（ＴＩＰ－Ｍ８）应用于粤、闽、赣交界及近海地区,资料从１９８５至１９９５年底。绝大多数地震流函数异常显示,从１９９５年底起３年内该区将发生５．５级左右地震。１９９７年５月３１日发生的福建永安５．２级地震与此判断相符。     

华南沿海地震带5级及以上地震时空演化特征

<正>1研究背景华南沿海由于其特殊的构造背景,地震活动强度、频度均大于华南地块内部,一般称之为“华（东）南沿海地震带”（图1中蓝色粗线多边形范围）。由于该带地震活动集中在闽粤赣交界及近海地区和粤桂琼交界及近海地区,结合地震构造和地震活动的差异性,以广东阳山—从化—惠阳一线为界（图1中蓝色粗线）,将华南沿海地震带分为东、西两段。华南沿海地震带包括东南沿海、东海南部、台湾海峡及南海北部,大地构造属加里东褶皱带。该区晚古生代以来大部分为相对隆起区,中生代构造运动强烈,     

1996年3月6日山梨县东部地震（M5.8）前观测到的环形图像

１９９６年３月６日山梨县东部地震（Ｍ５．８）前观测到的环形图像吉田明夫前言茂木（１９６９）曾指出,在１９３３年三陆近海地震、１９４４年东南海地震、１９４６年南海道地震,以及１９６８年十胜近海地震等这些沿板块边界的巨大地震发生前,都出现了震源区内中、小...     

Temporal variations and scaling of streamflow and baseflow and their nitrate-nitrogen concentrations and loads

The patterns of temporal variations of precipitation (P), streamflow (SF) and baseflow (BF) as well as their nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) concentrations (C) and loads (L) from a long-term record (28 years) in the Raccoon River, Iowa, were analyzed using variogram and spectral analyses. The daily P is random but scaling may exist in the daily SF and BF with a possible break point in the scaling at about 18 days and 45 days, respectively. The nitrate concentrations and loads are shown to have a half-year cycle while daily P, SF, and BF have a one-year cycle. Furthermore, there may be a low-frequency cycle of 6–8 years in C. The power spectra of C and L in both SF and BF exhibit fractal 1/f scaling with two characteristic frequencies of half-year and one-year, and are fitted well with the spectrum of the gamma distribution. The nitrate input to SF and BF at the Raccoon watershed seems likely to be a white noise process superimposed on another process with a half-year and one-year cycle.     

东、南洞庭湖的径流、泥沙特征及冲淤规律

通过实地调查并对1957年以来水文、泥沙观测资料做系统分析和计算,探讨东、南洞庭湖出、入湖水量、沙量的年际和年内变化特征,以及长江下荆江段裁弯对湖区径流和泥沙的影响。提出了湖区泥沙汛淤枯冲的变化规律及水位升降与湖区泥沙冲淤的关系;论证了丰、平、枯年湖区淤积严重,面积日益缩小对径流的调节作用正在减弱。     

燕郊等测点迁移优化与地磁观测研究

为优化地磁观测条件，开展了燕郊、夏垫等测点迁移工作；按照测眯迁移原则与实施技术方案，完整地收集并整理了地质构造与地球物理等方面的基本资料；进行了野外实地勘察，磁场梯度的测量，确定了新测点，在新老测点上进行了较长时间的地磁场对比观测；应用多种方法分析研究了地磁对比观测资料，结果表明，新老测点与有关测点的地磁变化具有良好的一致性，并得到了新老测点之间的地磁数据的按点差。     

Seismics and optics: hyperbolae and curvatures

We rederive and generalize hyperbolic moveout formulae for the common-midpoint (CMP) gather and for the zero-offset (ZO) section that can be efficiently used for macro-model-independent reflection imaging in two-dimensional media. The hyperbolic moveout formulae for the common-midpoint gather are obtained from different Taylor series expansions of a particular parametric moveout surface defined in the multicoverage data space. Such a moveout surface involves three kinematic wave-field attributes of two hypothetical waves, which have to be determined by a coherency analysis. By using hyperbolic moveout curves in the CMP gather and in the ZO section one can determine these attributes in two steps. The relationships between the local shapes of the interfaces and the attributes of the hypothetical wave-fields attributes are considered by means of geometrical optics. The determination of these attributes allows to perform a macro-model-independent ZO simulation and a subsequent inversion.     

GIS与防灾减灾

地理信息系统(GIS)在我国已得到广泛的应用。在简要介绍G1S的发展历程、特点和发展趋势的基础上，重点从防灾减灾的角度介绍了GIS在气象灾害、地震灾害、地质灾害等领域的应用成果。     

Correlation of foreshocks and aftershocks and asperities

A close correlation in spatial distribution of local seismic activity and energy release patterns before and after the 1979 Petatlan, Mexico earthquake suggests heterogeneity within the fault plane of this major low-angle thrust event associated with subduction along the Middle America Trench. A simple two-asperity model is proposed to account for the complexity. Foreshocks and aftershocks of the neighboring 1981 Playa Azul earthquake showed a similar pattern. As both events occurred at the junction of the Orozco Fracture Zone and the Middle America Trench, we speculate that the observed complex fault plane is caused by subduction of the rugged ocean floor of the Orozco Fracture Zone. Short-term precursory seismicity prior to the Petatlan earthquake can be explained by using the asperity model and migration of a slip front from the south-east to the north-west across the main shock source region.     

Fault and system stiffnesses and stick-slip phenomena

Summary This paper discusses the influence of system stiffness on the dynamic instability of fault surfaces under laboratory conditions for a number of test modes. In conjunction with shear load stiffness, the normal load stiffness, often neglected, is shown to have a considerable effect on the stick-slip process —its presence or absence and its characteristics. Also appropriate stiffnesses are suggested for an earthquake sequence modeled as a growing dislocation.