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我国天文气候特点及潜在(光学/红外)优良台址探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
收集了我国1978-1986年和1990年,共10年时间的192个地面气象站每天四次总云量的观测资料,分别计算了北京时间08h,02h和08h以及20h,02h和08h的无云概率,分析结果表明:我国所处的天文气候条件的大环境并非是世界上最好的,但在国内相对较好的区域里,精心挑同受叶形得影响形成的较好台址还是有可能的。 相似文献
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在文献」1「4 基础上,根据近年文选址实践中提出的问题,先进一步讨论了大气相干直径和时间的的物理和意义,然后强调了自由大气湍流的天文成像效应及选址中进行研究和测量的重要性。最后对差分像运动方法测量视宁度的定标和系统误差等问题作了分析。 相似文献
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综述了大气光学湍流探测技术的最新进展,对近年来光学湍流探测设备进行简要总结。通过对光学湍流特征参数的介绍,分析了大气光学湍流探测在天文观测中日趋重要的作用。重点介绍了微温脉动仪、DIMM、MASS、SCIDAR等技术的原理与观测。总结国内大气光学湍流探测技术的现状,展望其在天文领域应用的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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介绍了云南太阳光学选址的历程,主要叙述了自1996年开始的红外太阳选址的过程:初选踏勘,比对筛选、定点观测。最佳选点为澄江县抚仙湖畔的半岛老鹰地。 相似文献
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地基光学天文望远镜是人类探索与研究宇宙的重要手段, 对已有地基光学台址的光学观测环境进行监测分析, 可以为后期设备针对性改造以及观测者调整观测策略提供参考依据, 对提升地基光学设备的观测效能具有重要的意义. 吉林天文观测基地(简称``基地'')隶属于中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站, 位于吉林省吉林市大绥河镇小绥河村南沟约5 km处(东经126.3\circ, 北纬43.8\circ, 海拔高度313m). 基地大气视宁度均值范围约为1.3$''$--1.4$''$、天顶附近V波段的天光背景亮度为20.64magcdotarcsec-2、年晴夜数最高可达270余天, 具有良好的天文观测条件. 吉林天文观测基地于2016年投入运行, 现有1.2m光电望远镜、迷你光电阵列望远镜、大视场光电望远镜阵列、新型多功能阵列结构光电探测平台等多台(套)光电望远镜设备. 利用上述设备, 主要围绕空间目标探测与识别、精密轨道确定、光电探测新方法以及变源天体的多色测光等开展相关研究工作, 与多家国内高校及科研院所保持着良好的合作关系. 相似文献
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A. Ziad R. Gredel J. Aceituno J. Borgnino F. Hoyo A. Irbah F. Martin U. Thiele S. Pedraz 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,362(2):455-459
The main atmospheric optical parameters have been measured at the Calar Alto Observatory simultaneously using the Generalized Seeing Monitor (GSM) and a Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM) during several nights in 2002 May. The temporal evolution of the seeing, the outer scale, the isoplanatic angle and the coherence time have been analysed. There is excellent agreement between the seeing measurements provided by the two instruments, particularly when the turbulence is slow. Indeed, the GSM measurements are corrected from the exposure time when the DIMM data were recorded for at least 5 ms. From almost three years of DIMM (at 5 m height above ground) data, a seeing of 0.92 arcsec with a standard deviation of 0.31 arcsec has been obtained for this site. The outer scale , the isoplanatic angle θ0 and the coherence time τ0 measured with the GSM are well fitted with log-normal distributions with median values of 22.9 m, 2.27 arcsec and 3.7 ms, respectively. 相似文献
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S. Hagelin E. Masciadri F. Lascaux J. Stoesz 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,387(4):1499-1510
The atmospheric properties above three sites (Dome C, Dome A and the South Pole) on the Internal Antarctic Plateau are investigated for astronomical applications using the monthly median of the analyses from ECMWF (the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). Radiosoundings extended on a yearly time-scale at the South Pole and Dome C are used to quantify the reliability of the ECMWF analyses in the free atmosphere as well as in the boundary and surface layers, and to characterize the median wind speed in the first 100 m above the two sites. Thermodynamic instability properties in the free atmosphere above the three sites are quantified with monthly median values of the Richardson number. We find that the probability to trigger thermodynamic instabilities above 100 m is smaller on the Internal Antarctic Plateau than on mid-latitude sites. In spite of the generally more stable atmospheric conditions of the Antarctic sites compared to mid-latitude sites, Dome C shows worse thermodynamic instability conditions than those predicted above the South Pole and Dome A above 100 m. A rank of the Antarctic sites done with respect to the strength of the wind speed in the free atmosphere (ECMWF analyses) as well as the wind shear in the surface layer (radiosoundings) is presented. 相似文献
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本文通过对NOAA-10,11两颗气象卫星1989年5月至1990年4月的云图资料,在作等经纬度投影处理和定标,定位订正的基础上,利用红外域值方法,对东经99°—104°,北纬23.5°—28.5°云南区域内31个天文台址侯选点的云量进行了统计和计算,得到几个云量最少的候选点。此外,我们还对卫星云图CC≤3的晴日晴夜和三十年地面气象观测资料中CC≤2的晴天数作了相关分析,发现它们之间具有很好的相关性。云图和地面资料综合分析表明:(1)永仁的俄尼刀博,姚安的老官山,元谋气象区的白露,祥云的大营后山,宾川的小鸡山,华坪的蘑菇山,宁蒗的他尔布子都是较理想的候选点。(2)俄尼刀博,老官山和白露可用夜(CC≤3)预计可超过250夜。因此应列为下一步选址的重点。 相似文献
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E. Carrasco A. Carramiñana R. Avila C. Gutiérrez J. L. Avilés J. Reyes J. Meza O. Yam 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,398(1):407-421
Sierra Negra, one of the highest peaks in central Mexico, is the site of the Large Millimeter Telescope. We describe the first results of a comprehensive analysis of the weather data measured in situ from 2000 October to 2008 February to be used as a reference for future activity in the site. We compare the data from two different stations at the summit considering the accuracy of both instruments. We analysed the diurnal, seasonal and annual cycles for all the parameters. The thermal stability is remarkably good, crucial for a good performance of the telescopes. From the solar radiation data, we developed a new method to estimate the fraction of time when the sky is clear of clouds. We show that our measurements are consistent with a warm standard atmosphere model. The conditions at the site are benign and stable given its altitude, showing that Sierra Negra is an extremely good site for millimeter and high-energy observations. 相似文献
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万维天文望远镜是一个天文科普教育的利器?对万维天文望远镜在国内的发展历程以及相关实践活动进行详细调查与数据分析发现?十年来国内基于万维天文望远镜平台的天文科普发展较快,但是存在区域发展的差异?主要表现为万维天文望远镜人才培训和漫游作品创作等实践活动主要集中在北京、湖北、广东、重庆等少数省市?让其普惠于大众还有很长的路要走?在总结国内运用万维天文望远镜平台发展天文科普教育问题的基础上?从“增强和落实基于科学数据的科普教育意识”、“加强人才培养”、“鼓励基于万维天文望远镜的天文科普作品创作与推广”三方面提出了一系列具有针对性的推广措施与建议,为我国天文科普教育活动特别是中小学天文科普活动的开展提供借鉴和参考. 相似文献
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E. A. Gußmann 《Astronomische Nachrichten》1978,299(2):107-107