沉积物样品中干扰物的去除及多种持久性有机污染物气相色谱分析

建立了沉积物样品中17种有机氯农药和8种多氯联苯持久性有机污染物的气相色谱分析方法。针对沉积物样品基质复杂、含有大量硫干扰的特点,重点研究了前处理技术。采用加速溶剂提取(ASE)技术提取样品中的有机污染物,比较了加入铜粉后ASE在线除硫和超声波提取除硫的效果。结果表明,加入铜粉ASE提取不能完全去除硫的干扰,需进一步采用超声波提取10 min除硫才能大大减少杂质对目标化合物的干扰。沉积物样品中的色素类及小分子干扰物质采用凝胶渗透色谱结合固相萃取技术进行净化,满足了气相色谱-电子捕获检测器分析的要求。25种化合物的平均添加回收率为68%～131%,方法精密度(RSD,n=6)小于22.3%,检出限为0.10～0.51μg/kg。建立的样品前处理技术净化彻底,适合用于不同地区、不同类型的沉积物样品气相色谱分析。     

用土壤溶液提取器采集土壤溶液方法与效果

土壤溶液已成为土壤、植物营养、生态环境等学科的重要研究内容，如何有效提取土壤溶液已成为一个重要的技术问题。目前国内采用的土壤溶液采集方法大多处于试验阶段，利用陶土头土壤溶液提取器采集土壤溶液是比较常用的方法之一。就南京周边及南通地区利用陶土头土壤溶液提取器开展土壤溶液系统采样试验的结果，总结了土壤类型、地貌等自然因素对试验效果的影响，为提取土壤溶液提供了可靠的方法技术。     

中国北方第四纪孢粉提取方法研究

孢粉提取方法是第四纪孢粉学研究的基础和前提，中国北方地区具有独特的自然地理条件，第四纪以来形成了特有的沉积物类型，不同沉积物的孢粉提取研究一直以来是中国孢粉学研究的难点和热点。本文选取了中国北方不同沉积相的沉积物样品（黄土与古土壤样品17个、湖泊样品沉积物20个、风成砂样品11个、泥炭沼泽样品10、考古点文化层6个、表土样品10个）共74个，通过对同一种样品不同处理方法的对比研究，就中国北方不同沉积物的孢粉提取方法进行了探讨。对比研究发现，黄土及古土壤中的孢粉提取是以氢氟酸筛选法效果佳，值得注意的是盐酸与氢氟酸对样品的处理过程，进行多次彻底处理才能达到很好的效果；湖泊沉积物孢粉提取可采用传统的氢氟酸法，对干旱区含砂量较高的湖泊沉积物及风成砂样品需要配合重液浮选法进行；泥炭、沼泽中孢粉提取应采用重液浮选法，配合筛选法进行；考古点文化层沉积物孢粉提取应采用重液浮选法，并将重液浮选出来的样品配合以氢氟酸处理能达到很好效果；表土样品可以采用无酸碱重液浮选法。同时还探讨了孢粉提取中的分散剂和硝酸的使用及酸碱的使用顺序。     

微波辅助提取-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中无机砷

建立了微波辅助提取-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中无机砷的分析方法。用正交试验设计结合单因素试验优化了样品粒度、提取温度、提取时间、固液比等微波提取条件，研究了共存离子对无机砷测定的干扰情况。方法的线性范围为0．25～40．0μg/g，无机砷的检出限为0．05μg/g，样品加标回收率为92．9％～105．0％。方法的精密度（RSD，n=11）为0．3％。与水浴提取法相比，微波辅助提取法具有快速、高效的优势。方法已用于分析3个不同产地有代表性土壤中无机砷含量。     

森林沼泽区样品中有机结合Cu的选择性取及其应用

对１％ＮａＯＨ提取沼泽区样品中有机结合Ｃｕ的有效性进行了初步研究，提出提取介质中有机结合金属不仅可圈定矿化而且可用于研究不同景观区元素表生活动规律，并为区域化探方法选择提供理论依据。     

曲线拟合在核探测器信号幅度提取中的应用

研究数字化核探测器输出脉冲信号的幅度提取问题。根据闪烁探测器的电路特性，推导了其脉冲信号理想曲线方程。综合利用三和值法、最小二乘法、试探法等方法，设计了该理想曲线拟合算法。由脉冲信号采样点数据，通过曲线拟合，计算出曲线的极大值，该值即为闪烁探测器输出脉冲信号的幅度。正反演数据结果对比表明，采用曲线拟合算法提取闪烁探测器输出脉冲信号幅度，其方案可行，计算结果更准确。相较于数字滤波和数字脉冲成形方法提取核探测器输出脉冲幅度，该算法更简单，对仪器的硬件处理速度要求更低。该方法开辟了核探测器脉冲幅度提取的新途径。     

内蒙古额尔古纳虎拉林金矿区金属元素活动态测量法找矿试验

金属元素活动态测量法是在偏提取方法上发展起来的一种利用金属元素的活动态组分来强化深部矿化信息的找矿方法。其中利用提取土壤中金的活动态组分的方法技术，可以用来强化深部金矿化信息，为找矿提供重要依据。通过对虎牡林金矿金矿体上的有效性试验研究，结果表明，该方法能起到强化后生地球化学异常的效果。     

利用混合像元线性分解模型提取卧龙泉地区粘土蚀变信息

利用混合像元线性分解模型提取植被覆盖中等的辽南卧龙泉地区植被丰度图像，并依此进一步提取了该区域的粘土类蚀变信息。在使用混合像元线性分解基本模型的同时，也结合研究目标对其进行了改进与补充，效果令人满意，为中等植被覆盖区的专题信息的提取提供了一种方法。     

西昆仑塔什库尔干地区遥感找矿异常提取方法研究

以ETM图像数据为信息源，在西昆仑塔什库尔干地区进行了遥感找矿异常提取的方法研究，根据矿化蚀变的遥感影像特征，进行了基于光谱特征和纹理特征的矿化蚀变信息提取和分类方法的试验，选定了区内的最佳遥感异常圈定方法。针对区内与铜矿有关的主要蚀变类型分类进行了提取，分别赋色后叠加形成了遥感矿化蚀变异常图，并结合区域成矿地质特征进行了成矿远景区的划分，总结了遥感找矿异常提取的工作程序。     

用ASTER数据进行不同类型矿床蚀变异常提取研究

文章在利用多光谱ASTER数据进行不同矿床蚀变异常提取的地质和波谱前提的基础上，对东天山斑岩型Cu矿床、镁铁质岩型Cu-Ni矿床和矽卡岩型Pb-Zn矿床的羟基ASTER蚀变异常提取方法进行了研究；对于铁染异常，利用ASTER数据可提取的只有黄钾铁矾异常。对黄山东Cu-Ni矿及沙泉子Pb-Zn矿的蚀变分带现象进行了初步研究，其结果有助于区分矿床类型。此外还利用多光谱ASTER数据研究了识别某些矿物的可能性。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of