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本文通过恒界面池法研究了以4’—乙酰基苯并—15—冠—5作为萃取剂和1—丁基—3—甲基咪唑双[(三氟甲基)磺酰基]酰亚胺作为协萃剂的萃取体系从高浓度水溶液中提取锂的动力学。研究了搅拌速度、平衡时间、温度、界面面积和传质阻力区对锂离子传质速率的影响。结果表明,界面膜的厚度在1 600 rpm~2 000 rpm 转速范围内是逐渐变薄的,并且在1 800 rmp~2 000 rmp转速范围内是没有变化的,说明锂离子传质速率1 800 rmp~2 000 rmp转速范围内是不变的;在锂离子的萃取平衡时间为40 min;萃取过程的传质阻力主要来自有机相;该萃取过程是混合控制的动力学过程;在两相界面上发生的萃取反应。通过研究锂离子、冠醚离子液体的浓度,锂离子的动力学方程可表达为:νLi,0=10-3.843±0.001·[Li+]0.907 1·[+] 0.832 8·[AcB15C5] 0.855 5。通过两相界面处形成锂离子最终配合物的传质速率步骤推导出锂的提取机理,这与实验结果一致。 相似文献
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研究了用2-乙基己醇作萃取剂从高浓度氯化镁卤水中萃取硼的工艺。先用分液漏斗通过单因素和正交实验优化了萃取与反萃取的工艺条件,作出了萃取与反萃等温线。结果表明,萃取最佳条件:pH=1.8,盐(MgCl_2)浓度28%以上;反萃pH大于2.3。由McCabe-Thiele图解法得到逆流萃取和反萃取级数分别为3和4级。然后用8台Ф20 mm离心萃取器进行了连续逆流萃取与反萃取硼的实验。结果表明,离心萃取器在较大的流比和转速范围内级效率达到99%以上;用4台离心萃取器进行连续逆流萃取,硼的总萃取率达到96.9%;负载有机相用4台离心萃取器进行连续逆流反萃取,硼的总反萃取率达到99.8%。 相似文献
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离子液体相行为及相关组分的影响规律对萃取过程的研究、分离工艺流程的选择和设计至关重要,在生物分子的分离与纯化方面也显示了广阔的应用前景。本文主要从离子液体双水相体系相平衡在国内和国外的研究进展两个方面进行了论述,探讨了研究中存在的一些问题,为深入探究离子液体双水相体系相平衡的应用提供参考。 相似文献
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《盐湖研究》2020,(2)
本文通过恒界面池法研究了以4’—乙酰基苯并—15—冠—5作为萃取剂和1—丁基—3—甲基咪唑双[(三氟甲基)磺酰基]酰亚胺作为协萃剂的萃取体系从高浓度水溶液中提取锂的动力学。研究了搅拌速度、平衡时间、温度、界面面积和传质阻力区对锂离子传质速率的影响。结果表明,界面膜的厚度在1 600 rpm~2 000 rpm转速范围内是逐渐变薄的,并且在1 800 rmp~2 000 rmp转速范围内是没有变化的,说明锂离子传质速率1 800 rmp~2 000 rmp转速范围内是不变的;在锂离子的萃取平衡时间为40 min;萃取过程的传质阻力主要来自有机相;该萃取过程是混合控制的动力学过程;在两相界面上发生的萃取反应。通过研究锂离子、冠醚离子液体的浓度,锂离子的动力学方程可表达为:ν_(Li,0)=10~(-3.843±0.001)·[Li~+]~( 0.907 1)·[[BMIm]~+]~(0.832 8)·[AcB15C5]~(0.855 5)。通过两相界面处形成锂离子最终配合物的传质速率步骤推导出锂的提取机理,这与实验结果一致。 相似文献
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锂资源是国家战略资源,我国盐湖锂丰富,从盐湖中高效提取锂具有重大意义。在盐湖提锂的各种方法中,吸附法具有选择性高、经济性好、工艺成熟度高的优势,发展高性能的吸附材料是该方法的关键,其中钛系离子筛被认为是很有发展前景的一类吸附材料。全面综述了近年来钛系离子筛用于盐湖卤水提锂的研究进展,重点阐述了钛系离子筛的结构、吸附机理、合成与改性方法以及成型方法,对钛系离子筛应用中存在的问题进行了分析、归纳,对其未来发展方向进行了展望,以期充分挖掘钛系离子筛的优势,实现其在盐湖提锂中的规模化应用。 相似文献
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In this work, problems encountered by tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) in the industrialization of lithium extraction from salt lake brine were discussed in detail. The lithium extraction behavior of N, N-bi-(2-ethylhexyl) acetamide (N523) was investigated, and its defect was analyzed in the view of practical application. The N523-TBP mixture extraction system was proposed to alleviate or avoid the defects that N523 and TBP met when they were used severally. The composition of this mixture extraction system was determined as 20%N523-30%TBP-50% kerosene. The effects of brine acidity, Fe/Li molarity ratio, phase ratio and chloride ion concentration on lithium extraction efficiency were discussed respectively. The operation conditions in single stage extraction were optimized as brine acidity=0.05 mol/L, Fe/Li molarity ratio=1.3 and phase ratio=2. The high concentration of chloride ion in brine was benefit for extraction of lithium. The structure of extracted complex was proposed as (LiFeCl4·nN523·mTBP)·(2-n)N523·(2-m)TBP (m+n=2) by chemical analysis and slope fitting methods. The extraction thermodynamic functions were calculated preliminarily, and the results suggested that the extraction process was an exothermic (ΔH<0) and spontaneous (ΔG<0) reaction, and the degree of disorder increased (ΔS>0) during the extraction process. This work will give some guidance to the lithium industry of Qinghai in both fundamental theory and practical application. 相似文献
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SHI Dong LI Li-juan LI Jin-feng JI Lian-min SONG Fu-gen PENG Xiao-wu ZHANG Li-cheng ZHANG Yu-ze LI Hui-fang SONG Xue-xue NIE Feng ZENG Zhong-min LIU Zhi-qi GUO Fan 《盐湖研究》2019,27(2):95-110
In this work,problems encountered by tri-butyl phosphate( TBP) in the industrialization of lithium extraction from salt lake brine were discussed in detail. The behavior of N,N-bi-( 2-ethylhexyl) acetamide( N523) during lithium extraction was investigated,and its disadvantages were analyzed in the view of practical application. An N523-TBP mixture extraction system was proposed to alleviate or avoid the defects that N523 and TBP met when they were used separately. The optimal composition of this mixture extraction system was determined to be 20% N523-30% TBP-50% kerosene.The effects of brine acidity,Fe/Li molarity ratio,phase ratio and chloride ion concentration on lithium extraction efficiency were discussed. The operation conditions in single-stage extraction were optimized as brine acidity = 0. 05 mol/L,Fe/Li molarity ratio = 1. 3,and phase ratio = 2. The high concentration of chloride ions in brine was beneficial for the extraction of lithium. The structure of the extracted complex was proposed as( LiFeCl_4·n N523·m TBP)·( 2-n) N523·( 2-m) TBP( m + n = 2) by chemical analysis and slope-fitting methods. The extraction thermodynamic functions were calculated preliminarily,and the results suggested that the extraction process was an exothermic( ΔH 0) and spontaneous( ΔG 0) reaction,and the degree of disorder increased( ΔS 0) during the extraction process. This work will give some guidance to the lithium industry of Qinghai in both the fundamental theory and practical application. 相似文献
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我国是农业大国,钾肥的需求量巨大,目前钾肥供应主要来源于柴达木盆地。由于目前的技术限制,钾资源的开发还局限于浅部,无法满足我国钾肥的需求,大部分钾肥还依赖于进口。总结和对比井采技术、渠采技术和CO2地质封存与深部卤水联合注采技术(CO2-EWR)表明,对浅层地下卤水的开采,井采技术和渠采技术适用,但两种技术使采卤泵、采卤管道和输卤渠容易堵塞;并且井采技术投资较大,渠采技术可能导致地下水循环受阻,因而会出现大面积的疏干区。CO2-EWR适合开采深部卤水,虽然该技术的一次性投入较大,但该技术一方面将CO2存储在深部卤水层中,另一方面将卤水驱替出含水层,是一种新型的碳捕集、利用与封存的技术(CCUS)。随着浅层卤水资源的耗竭,开展深部卤水资源的开采利用势在必行,CO2-EWR技术应用会越来越广泛。 相似文献
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进行了以20%N523-30%TBP-50%磺化煤油萃取体系从青海高镁锂比盐湖卤水中萃取锂的工艺研究。根据相比实验求得萃取平衡等温线,通过阶梯图解法确定萃取理论级数为三级,并完成了三级逆流萃取串级实验。通过对洗涤、反萃、转相工艺进行的研究,确定了全流程八级萃取工艺。经此流程,锂的萃取率达96%,反萃液中杂质含量低,萃取剂经过多次循环无溶损,萃取性能良好,萃取过程分相快,未见三相及乳化现象。 相似文献
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本文将氚的测定方法应用于察尔汗盐湖抽卤过程中晶间卤水氖含量变化趋势的研究,以多次的测试数据研究和探讨了大气降水、周边水、地下水对察尔汗盐湖晶间卤水的影响,特别是开渠后湖水对晶间卤水的影响,从水平和垂直两个面讨论察尔汗首采区晶间卤水氚含量的变化规律。 相似文献
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采用上升单液滴法,进行盐湖卤水中萃取铷的动力学研究,主要考察了比界面积、水相铷浓度和油相(t-BAMBP/磺化煤油)浓度对萃取速率的影响。通过比界面积的研究发现,t-BAMBP萃取铷的过程由界面化学反应和相内化学反应共同控制;通过对实验数据的非线性拟合,得到了萃取体系的动力学方程,R=9.936×10-7[Rb+]1.134[t-BAMBP]2.190,萃取速率对铷的反应级数为a=1.134,对t-BAMBP反应级数b=2.190,实验值和计算值的均方根误差为1.735%。 相似文献