基于裂隙产状和迹长划分岩体统计均质区研究

岩体统计均质区的划分是岩体工程设计的首要步骤,因为不同的均质区内岩体的结构特性和力学特性都存在差异。大多研究考虑产状或者其他单一参数划分岩体统计均质区,却很少有人考虑多参数进行划分研究。考虑了裂隙产状、迹长两个参数,提出了一种划分裂隙岩体统计均质区的新方法,即基于秩和检验评价两个样本之间的相似性,从而实现对裂隙岩体统计均质区的划分。结合工程实例即云南省马吉水电站左岸坝肩某两高程4个平硐的岩体结构统计均质区划分,分析了多参数对裂隙岩体统计均质区划分的影响。研究结果表明：PD241和PD253、PD201和PD241分别划分为一个统计均质区,而PD201和PD251 以及PD251和PD253不具有统计相似性。考虑了产状和迹长因素对岩体统计均质区的影响,划分结果较Miller方法更加合理可靠。结合现场调查分析,新方法的结果更加吻合实际情况。     

低级变质岩在热液蚀变过程中的微量元素地球化学行为——以赣东北银山地区双桥山群为例

对江西银山地区双桥山群绢云母千枚岩及其原岩的稀土及微量元素的研究表明，热液蚀变过程中它们的地球化学行为十分复杂：热兴蚀变作用并不使REE淋滤降低，反而导致∑REE较其原岩普遍升高，但岩体接触带附近蚀为围岩的∑REE则低于原岩。蚀变岩出现Eu亏损，∑LREE／∑HREE值降低。定量计算显示，∑REE总升幅中有29％－45％是由围岩质量迁移引起的表观浓缩效应，而另外的55％－71％则是流体带入了REE；在绢云母千格岩中娟云母可能是REE的主要寄主矿物相，REE主要以吸附作用的形式固有在矿物的表面或含有可交换电价的晶体结构层（四面体层和八面体层）的层面上；参与蚀为变作用的热液∑LREE／∑HREE值低、Eu强正异常。流体REE的带入可能是造成蚀为围岩较原岩轻重稀土比值降低的主要因素。热液蚀变作用使岩石的Eu被还原成更易活动的Eu^2 而活化迁出，导致蚀变岩的Eu负异常更显著；围岩蚀变作用凌其聪等：低级变质岩在热液蚀为过程中的微量元素地球化学行为－－以赣 东银山地区双桥山群为例。     

Occurrence and migration of hazardous trace elements in coals from Guizhou Province, China

Coals from Guizhou Province, Southwest China, attract many researchers＇ attention for their high concentrations of hazardous trace elements, sulphur and mineral components. Trace elements in coals have diverse modes of occurrence that will greatly influence their migration in the process of coal preparation. Mode of occurrence is also important in determining the partitioning during coal combustion. The coal floatation test by progressive release was used to study the migration of trace elements and mineral components in the process of froth floatation. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） was used to determine the absolute concentrations of trace elements including As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Th, U, V and Zn in the parent coals and the floatation fractions. Precise determination of the mineral matter percentage in coals was obtained by low-temperature ashing. The mineral compositions in coals were quantified using Rietveld-based X-ray diffraction analysis package on low-temperature ash. Scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray detector was used to provide information on the forms of occurrence of mineral components in coal. Five floatation fractions were obtained from the pulverized coal samples. The contents of trace elements and mineral components decrease from the first tailings to the last cleaned coal. The concentrations of trace elements and mineral components in parent coals and different floatation samples show that trace elements and mineral components are mainly concentrated in the first tailings samples. Nearly 60% of mineral components are enriched in the first tailings, whereas less than 1.3% remains in the cleaned coal. The ratio of sixteen trace elements concentrations in the first tailings to the corresponding concentrations in the cleaned coal ranges from 1.6 to 22.7. Quantitative mineralogical analysis results using the full-profile general structure analysis system （GSAS） showed that the main compositions of LTA include quartz, calcite, kaolinite, pyrite, chlorite, montmorillonite, illite, anatase and pyrite.     

Comparison of methods for the estimation of pyrite oxidation rate in a waste rock pile at Mine Doyon site, Quebec, Canada

Several methods were evaluated and compared for the estimation of pyrite oxidation rates (POR) in waste rock at Mine Doyon, Quebec, Canada. Methods based on data collected in situ, such as the interpretation of temperature and oxygen concentration profiles (TOP) measured in the waste rock pile and pyrite mass balance (PMB) on solid phase samples were compared with the oxygen consumption measurements (OCM) in closed chamber in the laboratory. A 1-D analytical solution to a gas and heat transport equation used temperature and oxygen profiles (TOP) measured in the pile for the preliminary POR estimates at a site close to the slope of the pile (Site 6) and in the core of the pile (Site 7). Resulting POR values were 1.1 × 10^− 9 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1 and 1.0 × 10^− 10 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1 for the slope site and the core site, respectively. Oxidation rates based on pyrite mass balance (PMB) calculations for solid samples were 2.21 × 10^− 9 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1 and 2.03 × 10^− 9 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1, respectively, for the same slope and core sites, but the difference between sites was within the error margin. The OCM measurements in the laboratory on fresh waste rock samples yielded higher POR values than field methods, with average oxidation rate of 6.7 × 10^− 8 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1. However, the OCM results on weathered and decomposed material from the rock stockpile (average oxidation rate 3.4 × 10^− 9 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1) were consistent with results from the field-based estimates. When POR values based on fresh material are excluded, the remaining POR values for all methods range from 1.0 × 10^− 10 to 3.4 × 10^− 9 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1. The lowest estimated value (1.0 × 10^− 10 mol(O₂) kg^− 1 s^− 1) was based on TOP estimates in the interior of the pile where oxygen transport was limited by diffusion from the surface. These results suggest that small-scale OCM laboratory experiments may provide relatively representative values of POR in the zones of waste rock piles in which oxygen transport is not dominated by diffusion.     

贵州西部龙场地区水系沉积物Pt、Pd异常源地球化学示踪的初步研究

以贵州龙场地区水系沉积物中的Pt、Pd异常为研究对象，选择相容性接近的7对元素比值Cr/Ni、Nb/Ta、Pd/Pt、Rb/Cs、Sr/Ba、Th/U和Zr/Hf以及CaO、TFe2O3作为地球化学示踪指标，对龙场地区水系沉积物的物质来源组成进行了示踪探讨。结果表明：（1）龙场地区水系沉积物的物质来源主要为玄武岩风化产物，其中的高含量Pt、Pd是对玄武岩层中Pt、Pd高背景的继承和进一步浓缩富集；（2）根据对分布在灰岩区的水系沉积物物质来源的地球化学示踪研究，推测部分样品的物质来源应为玄武岩和灰岩风化产物；（3）根据对红岩村的水系沉积物物质来源的示踪研究，推断有热液活动和基性－超基性侵入体的物质成分，预测该地区具有一定的找矿远景。     

新疆阿克苏地区早寒武世碳酸盐岩沉积环境:微量元素和碳同位素证据

对出露于塔里木盆地北缘阿克苏地区寒武系纽芬兰统玉尔吐斯组上部和寒武系第二统肖尔布拉克组下部海相沉积碳酸盐岩进行了氧化-还原敏感元素(Mo、V、Cd和U)及稳定C、O同位素的地球化学剖面研究,以探讨早寒武世沉积碳酸盐岩的沉积环境.研究揭示,尤尔美那克剖面肖尔布拉克组底部和下部含有两个δ13C负异常,谷值分别为-2.1‰和...     

秦岭杂岩清油河斜长角闪岩多期变质的证据——来自锆石微量元素和包裹体的启示

北秦岭清油河地区广泛发育以透镜状、条带状或岩墙状赋存于秦岭杂岩石英二长片麻岩中的斜长角闪岩,矿物组合为角闪石、斜长石以及少量的石榴子石、单斜辉石等。锆石阴极发光图像、不同微区矿物包裹体和稀土元素分析,以及不同性质锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和微量元素分析等综合研究结果表明,该斜长角闪岩锆石成因十分复杂,可进一步划分为三种类型。第一类锆石呈半自形-他形晶,阴极发光显示条带状分带,锆石稀土总量较高,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式中重稀土富集,Eu负异常明显,记录的206Pb/238U加权平均值为774±13Ma,代表了该岩石原岩形成时代;第二类锆石呈他形晶,为典型的变质锆石,阴极发光图像为扇状或面状分带,锆石稀土总量较低,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式中重稀土相对平坦,没有Eu的负异常,表明该类锆石结晶时岩石中含有石榴子石,而没有长石,该类锆石矿物包裹体主要为Grt+Cpx+Q,可能代表榴辉岩相(榴辉岩或者石榴子石辉石岩)变质矿物组合,记录的~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均值为493±5Ma;第三类锆石呈他形晶或构成第二类锆石的薄边,亦为典型变质锆石,阴极发光为面状分带,锆石稀土总量较低,球粒陨石标准化稀土配分模式中重稀土平坦,具有Eu的异常,锆石包裹体矿物组合为Grt+Cpx+Pl+Amp+Q,应代表退变质矿物组合,记录的206Pb/238U加权平均值为448±4Ma。该斜长角闪岩的原岩年龄(774±13Ma)、峰期变质年龄(493±5Ma)和后期退变质年龄(448±4Ma)与北秦岭已厘定的高压-超高压岩石的原岩年龄、峰期变质和退变质年龄非常吻合,说明该岩石可能是北秦岭高压-超高压变质岩带的一部分。据此,并结合清油河斜长角闪岩中发现残存金刚石的研究成果,可以推测现今秦岭杂岩中出露的一些低级变质相岩石峰期也可能经历了高压-超高压变质,只是由于后期强烈的退变质作用的改造而难于识别和辨认,北秦岭高压-超高压岩石的分布可能远比目前观察到的丰富。此外,本次研究还显示清油河斜长角闪岩原岩具有大陆拉斑玄武岩特征,是陆壳岩石的一部分。这些资料为进一步论证北秦岭早古生代高压-超高压岩石(包括榴辉岩、长英质片麻岩、石榴子石辉岩、榴闪岩和部分斜长角闪岩等)是陆壳俯冲-深俯冲作用的产物提供了新的证据。     

滇西兰坪盆地富隆厂一带铅锌多金属矿床中闪锌矿的微量元素、S-Pb同位素特征及意义

在野外地质观测基础上,对滇西兰坪盆地富隆厂一带的铅锌多金属矿床中广泛发育的闪锌矿进行了微量元素、S-Pb同位素组成的综合对比分析研究。结果表明,3个矿床的闪锌矿均表现出富Cd,贫Ge和Ga,Fe-Cd呈反相关关系,Zn/Cd平均比值较低,δ34S值基本一致,其变化范围较窄,峰值在5‰～6‰之间;不同矿床闪锌矿的铅同位素基本重合,在207Pb/204Pb-206Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb-206Pb/204Pb投影图解中,主体均位于上地壳线和造山带线之间,在Δβ-Δγ图解中,总体上落入上地壳-地幔混合的俯冲带铅范围和上地壳铅范围内,与盆地内不同物质来源端员对比发现矿物中的Pb同位素基本在中新生代沉积岩系范围内。因此认为富隆厂一带铅锌多金属矿床是同一成矿流体活动的产物,只是产出空间位置不同,实为同一矿床。同时,其成矿温度为中低温,硫可能来自盆地中膏盐的有机质热化学还原或含硫有机物的分解,金属可能源自区域沉积地层。     

陕西马元地区楠木树铅锌矿床成矿物质来源——来自氢、氧同位素和微量元素的制约

为进一步探讨楠木树铅锌矿床的成矿物质来源,文章对矿床中的25件岩矿石样品进行了系统的微量元素分析,并对矿床中不同阶段的热液脉石矿物进行了包裹体测温和氢、氧同位素测试。结果表明,Pb、Zn等成矿元素在郭家坝组地层中明显富集,而基底变质岩中Pb、Zn元素的丰度明显低于地壳岩石圈丰度;与成矿元素密切相关的元素Ag、Cd、Ge、In在寒武系郭家坝组地层中富集,在基底岩石中亏损;矿石中Ag、Cd、Ge、In等元素的含量明显高于未矿化的围岩。元素迁移分析表明流体运移过程中成矿热液萃取了Zn、Pb及其密切相关的Ag、Cd、Ge、In等组分,使Zn、Pb等成矿组分进一步富集。氢、氧同位素组成显示,与铅锌矿密切相关的石英样品落入变质水范围内,且靠近有机水范围,晚期方解石样品向雨水线漂移,表明早期成矿流体可能来自于深部的盆地卤水,在向上运移的过程中流经富含有机质的地层或有有机流体的加入,晚期有大气降水和海水的加入。     

地物化综合方法寻找隐伏岩体—以广西西大明山隐伏岩体的发现为例

广西西大明山地区是广西重要的整装勘查区之一。区内与岩浆活动密切相关的内生矿床丰富,然而仅在局部地表上发现少量的小型岩脉,区内隐伏岩体的预测研究一直是个热点。文章借助广西大规模地质矿产勘查项目,在成岩成矿理论的指导下,通过对区域地质、地球物理、地球化学及遥感等特征的系统分析,确定了西大明山地区深部隐伏岩体的大致分布范围和埋藏深度。在区内选定了埋藏较浅的隐伏岩体预测靶区,有针对性地采取了高精度的地、物、化等方法圈定隐伏岩体的具体位置,经验证有ZK31901、ZK40004两个钻孔分别在500m和960m以下发现了隐伏的黑云母花岗闪长岩,同时在隐伏岩体上部发现了具有工业价值的罗维钨铋矿床。预测靶区验证钻孔成功发现岩体,不仅为相邻地区的隐伏岩体预测工作提供了典型的范例,而且对西大明山地区成矿系统、矿床成因的研究乃至找矿勘查工作具有重要意义。     

Carbon isotopic records from stalagmites and the signification of paleo-ecological environment in the area of Guangxi—Guizhou, China

High resolution carbon isotopic records in millennial, centennial and decadal timescales from three stalagmites from three different caves under a similar monsoon climate in Guangxi–Guizhou, China, provided detailed information on the paleo-ecological environmental conditions in the past 15,000 years. The results indicate that during the glacial period, or cold-dry period, such as Heinrich event H1 and Younger Dryas event karst development was poor as was pedogenesis, C3 vegetation didn’t grow well, resulting in C4 plants dominating and with heavy δ¹³C values in stalagmites. In a warm-humid stage, C3 vegetation grew well and predominated with negative δ¹³C values. The δ¹³C records from stalagmites could be indicative of sensitive vegetation changes and reflective of climate changes in precipitation, temperature, etc. The δ¹³C records may also be used to distinguish different effects from nature or human activity. Particularly since the late Holocene, human activities have increased disturbances to environment, even more than natural factors. Forest vegetation was destroyed, C4 plants became dominant, and rock desertification was aggravated because of severe water and soil loss, all resulting in sharply increasing δ¹³C values of stalagmites that are heavier than pre-middle Holocene δ¹³C values.     

鞍山地区东山杂岩3.3~3.1Ga岩浆作用:地球化学和锆石SHRIMP定年

本文报道了鞍山地区东山杂岩一露头尺度上所记录的3.33～3.14Ga岩浆作用.3.33Ga辉长岩被3.28Ga和3.14Ga奥长花岗岩切割,显示不同程度的变质变形.变质辉长岩高FeOT、低MgO,稀土总量高,轻重稀土分离不强;片麻状奥长花岗岩高Na2O低K2O,轻重稀土强烈分离.鞍山地区在古太古代-中太古代期间存在强烈岩浆作用,可能反映了长期的高热状态.     

吉林临江地区草山花岗岩体中黑云母成分特征及其成岩成矿意义

草山花岗岩为八里沟金矿成矿岩体。笔者利用电子探针对草山花岗岩体中黑云母化学成分进行研究,以此来探讨岩浆成因及成矿潜力。研究表明草山花岗岩中的黑云母为岩浆成因的镁质黑云母,具有富Al、K、Mg、Ti,低Na、Ca的特征。以22个氧原子为基础计算了黑云母的阳离子数及相关参数,其全铝(~TAl)、镁质率(Mg~#)较高。利用黑云母化学成分对岩体固结的温度、压力、侵位深度及氧逸度进行了估算。岩石固结时的温度为750℃~780℃,固结压力范围为131.77~143.89 MPa,侵位深度为5.0~5.4 km,氧逸度f(O_2)=10~(-13)~10~(-14);由此得出其为中等深度、高温、高氧逸度岩体。黑云母化学成分特征暗示岩石为I型花岗岩,岩浆是在太平洋板块向华北板块俯冲、地壳加厚的背景下,由壳、幔物质混熔而形成。草山花岗岩固结时温度、氧逸度较高,有利于Au进入岩浆期后成矿流体中,表明八里沟金矿潜力较大。     

点苍山-哀牢山杂岩带多期变质作用:嘎洒地区变沉积岩锆石微量元素与U-Pb年代学制约

点苍山-哀牢山杂岩带位于青藏高原东南缘,为云南三江地区一条重要的造山带,由扬子板块和印支板块于晚二叠世-中晚三叠世碰撞拼合而成。杂岩带主要由各类副片麻岩、片岩、石英岩、大理岩和斜长角闪岩构成,岩石发育强烈糜棱岩化和深熔作用。本文选取哀牢山北段新平嘎洒地区变沉积岩为研究对象,通过对变沉积岩锆石的阴极发光图像、微量元素、矿物包裹体组合、表面形态和U-Pb年龄的综合研究,揭示出嘎洒地区哀牢山杂岩经历了两期变质事件:其中,含石榴子石斜长二云母片岩中30颗变质锆石获得了较为一致的206Pb/238U年龄215±6Ma~227±5Ma,加权平均年龄为222.3±1.2Ma(n=30,MSWD=0.27),这些锆石具有浑圆状或椭圆状形态、较为均匀的阴极发光图像、平坦的HREE配分模式((Lu/Gd)N=0.73~4.08)和弱的负Eu异常,这些特征与典型的高级变质岩中变质锆石相似,而锆石的Th/U比值较为分散为0.06~0.84,平均值为0.45,可能与变质过程中富Th矿物独居石分解有关。变质年龄与杂岩带中点苍山和元阳地区变质岩中、晚三叠世变质年龄极为吻合,指示这期变质事件与中-晚三叠世古特提斯洋闭合-造山有关,标志着点苍山-哀牢山杂岩带为三江地区一条重要的古缝合线。此外,嘎洒地区夕线石榴黑云二长片麻岩的岩相学特征显示,岩石经历了石榴子石的转熔作用,除两颗锆石年龄为35.4Ma外,28颗锆石(增生边)给出了误差范围内较为一致的206Pb/238U年龄(27.3±0.5Ma~31.9±0.5Ma),加权平均年龄为29.4±0.53Ma(n=28,MSWD=2.0)。这些锆石的增生边中的矿物包裹体组合为夕线石+钾长石+黑云母+石英+独居石,且具有较低的Th/U比值(0.01~0.1),平坦的重稀土(HREE)配分模式((Lu/Gd)N=0.45~7.59)和中等程度的负Eu异常,这些特征指示该类锆石为典型的变质锆石。变质年龄与新生代红河-哀牢山剪切带内大量发现的同剪切岩浆岩、变质岩的年龄较为一致,指示这期年轻的变质事件与岩石圈尺度大规模剪切运动有关。此外,两类变沉积岩中6颗继承性碎屑锆石的年龄分布范围为528~783Ma,这些锆石具有锥形的锆石形态,清晰的振荡环带,表面发育蚀痕和凹坑,较高的Th/U比(0.1),陡倾的HREE配分曲线,表明这些锆石为经过剥蚀-搬运-沉积的岩浆锆石,具有继承性碎屑锆石的特征,说明哀牢山杂岩变沉积岩中至少应包含新元古代和早古生代的沉积物源,指示研究区哀牢山杂岩带部分岩石并不属于真正意义上的扬子结晶基底。     

Geochemical data as indicators of environmental change and human impact in sediments derived from downstream marshes of an ephemeral river,Northeast China

Recent sedimentary history of natural environmental change and anthropogenic influence in an ephemeral river catchment has been reconstructed using selected major and trace elements, element ratios, and their different geochemical phases (Tessier sequential extraction methods), pollen, and grain size combined with ²¹⁰Pb- and ¹³⁷Cs-dating method in marsh sedimentary cores. Attempts were made to use selected element ratios with different geochemical phases—residual phase of Ti, Al, V, Cr, Ni, Rb, K, Sr, and Ba; mobile Sr and Ba—combined with ²¹⁰Pb- and ¹³⁷Cs-chronology to interpret certain time information of environmental changes saved within the marsh sediments. Results indicate that there were two marked humid periods during 1850–1860 ad and 1890–1920 ad, and sand storm activities prevailed during 1920–1930 ad. After about 1900 ad, soil erosion has increased with the extensive agricultural activities in the Huolin River catchments, and further intensified after 1950s. After 1980, soil erosion has become even more intense, which is consistent with the reinforcement of human activities, the drastic loss of vegetation cover in the upstream lands, especially, the exploitation of the open cast coalmine in the upstream of Huolin River at that time. Influenced by the inundation of the Huolin River, the heavy metal pollution historical trends in Xianghai marsh wetland could be roughly divided into three periods by analysis of sediment enrichment factor (K_SEF) and the index of geoaccumulation (I _geo):1760–1880 ad, 1880–1980 ad, and 1980–now. Human activities accelerate the inputs of heavy metal, which leads to degradation of the marsh. This study also investigated on source of marsh sediments (by Ti/Al), redox condition [by V/Cr and V/(V + Ni)], and salinization indicators (by Sr/Ba and Rb/K). The results demonstrate that sources of sediments and redox conditions were partly similar for both riparian and depressional marshes. Besides, some differences in degree of salinization between two types of marsh were also identified, especially after 1880.     

A preliminary study on the enrichment mechanism and occurrence of hazardous trace elements in the Tertiary lignite from the Shenbei coalfield, China

The Cr and Ni contents are high in the Eocene lignite of the Shenbei coalfield, which is a small intracontinental basin located in Liaoning Province, China. In this paper, we studied the distribution, origin and occurrence of Cr, Ni and other hazardous trace elements in the Shenbei lignite on the basis of coal petrology, and geochemistry of the lignite and combustion products. The following conclusions on the Shenbei lignite can be drawn: (1) The dominant maceral group in the Shenbei coal is huminite (humodetrinite), accounting for 96%–99% of the total maceral. Inertinite content is less than 1%. Liptinite content (sporinite and cutinite) is 0.2–1.6%. Common minerals in the Shenbei lignite include clay minerals (kaolinite), pyrite and quartz, and calcite and siderite. Chromite is not present in the lignite. (2) Potentially hazardous trace elements such as Co (22 μg/g), Cr (79 μg/g), Cu (63 μg/g), Zn (93 μg/g), V (88 μg/g) and Ni (75 μg/g) are strongly enriched in the Shenbei lignite compared with average concentration of trace elements in the Chinese coal and worldwide lignite. These elements are mainly associated with fulvic acid (FA) and/or coal organic macromolecular compounds in most of the studied lignite samples, indicating an organic association and enrichment of these elements in the Shenbei lignite. (3) Unusually high trace elements contents in the Shenbei lignite are derived mainly from the olivine basalt (country rock of coal basin) that consists of 52.7% plagioclase, 17.8% pyroxene, 14% olivine and 15.5% Ti–Fe oxide minerals. These olivine basalts have higher Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn contents than other types of rock and worldwide basalts do. (4) Fly ash of the Shenbei lignite, with 90% 1–50 μm amorphous particles and 8% 1–10 μm cenosphere, has high contents of Zn (23,707 μg/g), Be (12 μg/g), Sr (1574 μg/g), Pb (486 μg/g) and Cr (349 μg/g). In particular, the ferruginous micro-cenoshperes contain 1–12.79% Zn. Fine bottom ash (<0.031mm) of the Shenbei lignite has higher contents for most of the elements with the exception of Mo, Sn and Zn. Therefore, the potentially environmental and health impact of the fly ash and fine bottom ash should constitute a major concern.     

金红石中锆含量温度计及其微量元素地球化学特征

Zack et al.(2004a)、Watson et al.(2006)以及Tomkins et al.(2007)(在2GPa条件下)的金红石中锆含量温度计计算结果显示,徐淮地区中生代侵入杂岩所含榴辉岩类包体所经历的榴辉岩相变质的温度范围分别为776～1099℃(平均898℃)、663～923℃(平均750℃)和714～981℃(平均804℃),这些温度结果可能并非榴辉岩相峰期变质温度;其角闪岩相退变质作用过程中保存的温度范围分别为555～777℃(平均697℃)、541～663℃(平均6170C)和588～714℃(平均667℃),这些结果不能代表角闪岩相退变质再平衡后的温度,而只能代表角闪岩相退变质作用过程中某-阶段的温度.微量元素地球化学特征研究表明,榴辉岩类包体所含金红石中的某些微量元素(如Nb、Ta、Cr、Fe、V等)含量与其原岩有继承和对应关系,其原岩主要为镁铁质岩石;榴辉岩类包体与其寄主岩石中部分高价态/高场强元素(HFSE)呈相互消长的关系.榴辉岩的形成与扬子地块和华北地块之间的俯冲,碰撞作用有关.     

Physical properties and petrologic description of rock samples from an IOCG mineralized area in the northern Fennoscandian Shield, Sweden

The Tjårrojåkka Fe–Cu-prospect in northern Sweden is considered an example of a Fe-oxide Cu–Au (IOCG) deposit and is hosted in metamorphosed Paleoproterozoic volcanic and intrusive rocks. Rock samples from 24 outcrops were collected for petrophysical analysis (magnetic susceptibility, remanent magnetization, variation of magnetic susceptibility with temperature, Curie temperature and density). The major Cu-prospect in the area has been studied by magnetic and electron microprobe analyses of four selected rock samples. The samples are from an exploration well that intersects the main Cu-mineralized body.The magnetic analyses show that magnetite is the dominant magnetic mineral, while hematite and other Fe-minerals are present in minor amounts. The electron microprobe observations confirm the presence of magnetite and further indicate that hematite is an alteration product of magnetite. Moreover, microprobe observations indicate that Fe-sulfides are present in negligible amounts in the samples from the Tjårrojåkka area. The strong spatial relationship of Cu-minerals (e.g., chalcopyrite) and the oxidation of magnetite to hematite suggest that the presence of rocks with low magnetic susceptibility in areas dominated by high susceptibility rocks may be a signal of related Cu-prospects.     

Metal source of gold deposits in the Jiaoxibei area,Eastern China: Insights from trace element analysis of gold and pyrite

The metal source of gold deposits in the Jiaoxibei area, eastern China, has been investigated by many researchers, but no consensus has been reached so far. In this study, three typical gold deposits, the Xinli, Jiaojia, and Dayingezhuang deposits, were selected for trace element analysis of gold and pyrite to constrain the metal source. Pyrite from these three deposits has similar morphological and compositional characteristics, and can be divided into three types: Py1 with euhedral to subhedral textures, Py2 with subhedral to anhedral textures with micro-fractures, and Py3 with subhedral to anhedral textures and intergrowing polymetallic sulfides. Among them, Py2 and Py3 were formed in the main ore-forming stage and they are the dominant host minerals of visible gold. In these deposits, visible gold occurs mainly in micro-fractures or as inclusions in Py2 and Py3. Most of the pyrite has extremely low concentration of invisible gold, indicating that visible gold in the Jiaoxibei district is not a product of the remobilization of invisible gold from earlier pyrite. Both Py2 and Py3 are characterized by low Co concentration of <100 ppm and Co/Ni ratio of <1, which are similar to those of pyrite in sedimentary rocks. Therefore, ore-forming metals of these gold deposits in the Jiaoxibei district may originate mainly from a sediment-related metal source.