二苯硫脲—甲基异丁酮泡塑富集分离液珠萃取比色法测定地质样品中的金,银

研究了利用二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑振荡吸附富集Ａｕ，Ａｇ的条件，并采用金试剂－ＴＢＰ液珠萃取比色法测定地质样品中的金，银，方法的检出限：Ａｕ为０．５×１０＾－９，Ａｇ为５×１０＾－９。     

流动注射－催化动力学光度法测定地质样品中的金

本文利用Ａｕ（Ⅲ）对Ｃｅ（Ⅳ）＋Ｈｇ２＋２反应体系的催化作用，采用停留－流动注射分光光度法测定了地质样品中微量金，取得了令人满意的结果。方法检出限可达０．５×１０－９ｇ，测定相对偏差不大于９．０％。     

流动注射—催化动力学光度法测定地质样品中的金

本文利用Ａｕ（Ⅲ）对Ｃｅ（Ⅳ）＋Ｈｇ２＾２＋反应体系的催化作用，采用停留－流动注射分光光度法测定了地质样品中微量金，取得了令人满意的结果。方法检出限可达０．５×１０＾－９ｇ，测定相对偏差不大于９．０％。     

胶东地区地质体的含金性与金成矿关系

本文以新近的测试分析资料为基础,较系统地论述了胶东金矿集中区地质体的含金性。大量的测试资料表明：变质岩和地层中金的丰度并非很高（ω（Ａｕ）１．９×１０＾－９￣４．５×１０＾－９,而与金矿有关的花岗岩金的量更低（ω（Ａｕ）０．２７×１０＾－９￣１．８３×１０＾－９。地质体的成因、演化与金矿化的相互关系,表现随岩石成分向酸性变化和碱交代程度增加过程,金及相关成矿元素的含量降低;花岗岩形成过程和碱交代作     

二苯硫脲－甲基异丁酮泡塑富集液珠萃取比色法测定化探样品中的金银

在１０％ＨＣＩ介质中，采用二苯硫脲（ＤＰＴＵ）－甲基异丁酮（ＭＩＢＫ）泡沫塑料富集，以金试剂液珠萃取比色法测定了化探样品中的Ａｕ和Ａｇ。方法的检出限：Ａｕ０．５×１０￣－９；Ａｓ５×１０￣－９（１０ｇ称样）。利用此方法制备了“野外快速分析箱”，可在野外简陋条件下进行现场测定。     

四川石棉碲矿床地球化学特征研究

研究了世界首例碲矿床的地球化学特征，特别是微量分散元素碲富集成矿的地球化学条件。此矿床属Ｔｅ－Ｂｉ－Ａｕ－Ａｇ组合型中温热液矿床，矿体为碳酸盐脉和磁黄铁矿脉，矿石平均品位：Ｔｅ５．９８％、Ｂｉ８．０２％、Ａｕ９．７３×１０－６、Ａｇ３７．４５×１０－６。成矿元素Ｔｅ、Ａｕ、Ａｇ主要来源于深部富含ＣＯ２、Ｓ的热流体。此热流体沿深大断裂上升至地壳浅部时，从围岩中浸取了大量的成矿元素Ｂｉ、Ｆｅ等。热液中的硫优先与铁结合生成磁黄铁矿析出，降低了热液中的硫浓度，从而促使分散元素碲与其沉淀剂Ｂｉ、Ａｇ、Ａｕ相结合呈碲铋矿物、碲银矿和碲金矿等独立矿物形式沉淀，并富集成矿。     

TritonX—100—5—Br—PADAP光度法测定铜和镍

研究了非离子型表面活性剂ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下,用５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ光度法测定铜镍的方法。结果表明：在ＰＨ９．０的硼砂缓冲介质中,５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ与铜和镍生成紫红色络合物,λｍａｘ＾Ｃｕ＝５７５ｎｍ,εＣｕ＝１．０４×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１,λｍａｘ＾Ｎｉ＝５７５ｎｍ,εＮｉ＝１．１４×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｎｍ＾－１。铜和镍的质量浓度分别在０￣５６０μｇ／Ｌ和０￣５     

蚀变超基性岩金（镍）矿床中的贵金属元素：以云南墨江金矿和陕西煎…

云南墨江金矿和陕西煎茶岭金矿中Ａｇ，Ａｕ和ＰＧＥ的丰度和共生状况如下：（１）两矿床中的Ａｇ－Ａｕ关系呈三种情况：硅质岩型矿石和其他类型低金矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ基本上不具相关关系；石英脉型矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ呈明显的正相关关系；氧化矿石中Ａｇ－Ａｕ呈负相关关系。（２）所有样品中的ＰＧＥ均低于７１×１０＾－９，其ＰＥＧ的特征是Ｐｔ≥Ｐｄ和Ｒｕ〉Ｏｓ，Ｉｒ，Ｒｈ。（３）这些样品的地幔标准化ＰＧＥ分布模式是以ＲＨ     

小锍试金—无火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中超痕量金铂铑钯

将锍试金改成小锍试金，用小锍和捕集法把分解样品同富集金属与分离基体成份结合在一起进行，炼得的锍和经酸处理除去贱金属硫化物，富集的贵金属采用无火焰原子吸收光说测定。取一份样可以测定Ａｕ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ和Ｐｄ。测定方法的特征质量：Ａｕ１．１×１０＾－１１，Ｐｔ１．３×１０＾－１９Ｐｄ１．３×１０＾－１１，Ｒｈ１．２×１０＾－１１；线性范围（μｇ／ｍｌ）；Ａｕ０－０．４０Ｐｄ和Ｒｈ为０－０．０５０，ＰｔＯ     

碲金共沉淀分离富集—火焰原子吸收法测定铜精矿和铁矿石中金

试验拟定了碲金共沉淀富集分离金－火焰原子吸收测定铜精矿，硫精矿，混合精矿及铁矿石中金的方法。方法易于掌握，回收率〉９８％，精密度，准确度均好，适用于０．５×１０＾－６－２００×１０＾－６Ａｕ的测定。     

Formation of gold–silver sulfides and native gold in Fe–Ag–Au–S system

We carried out experiments on crystallization of Fe-containing melts FeS₂Ag_0.1–0.1xAu_0.1x (x = 0.05, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8) with Ag/Au weight ratios from 10 to 0.1. Mixtures prepared from elements in corresponding proportions were heated in evacuated quartz ampoules to 1050 ºC and kept at this temperature for 12 h; then they were cooled to 150 ºC, annealed for 30 days, and cooled to room temperature. The solid-phase products were studied by optical and electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy. The crystallization products were mainly from iron sulfides: monoclinic pyrrhotite (Fe_0.47S_0.53 or Fe₇S₈) and pyrite (Fe_0.99S_2.01). Gold–silver sulfides (low-temperature modifications) are present in all synthesized samples. Depending on Ag/Au, the following sulfides are produced: acanthite (Ag/Au = 10), solid solutions Ag_2–xAu_xS (Ag/Au = 10, 2), uytenbogaardtite (Ag/Au = 2, 0.75), and petrovskaite (Ag/Au = 0.75, 0.12). They contain iron impurities (up to 3.3 wt.%). Xenomorphic micro- (<1–5 μm) and macrograins (5–50 μm) of Au–Ag sulfides are localized in pyrite or between the grains of pyrite and pyrrhotite. High-fineness gold was detected in the samples with initial ratio Ag/Au ≤ 2. It is present as fine and large rounded microinclusions or as intergrowths with Au–Ag sulfides in pyrite or, more seldom, at the boundary of pyrite and pyrrhotite grains. This gold contains up to 5.7 wt.% Fe. Based on the sample textures and phase relations, a sequence of their crystallization was determined. At ~1050 ºC, there are probably iron sulfide melt L₁ (Fe,S ? Ag,Au), gold–silver sulfide melt L₂ (Au,Ag,S ? Fe), and liquid sulfur L_S. On cooling, melt L₁ produces pyrrhotite; further cooling leads to the crystallization of high-fineness gold (macrograins from L₁ and micrograins from L₂) and Au–Ag sulfides (micrograins from L₁ and macrograins from L₂). Pyrite crystallizes after gold–silver sulfides by the peritectic reaction FeS + L_S = FeS₂ at ~743 ºC. Elemental sulfur is the last to crystallize. Gold–silver sulfides are stable and dominate over native gold and silver, especially in pyrite-containing ores with high Ag/Au ratios.     

Specific composition of native silver from the Rogovik Au–Ag deposit,Northeastern Russia

The first data on native silver from the Rogovik Au–Ag deposit in northeastern Russia are presented. The deposit is situated in central part of the Okhotsk–Chukchi Volcanic Belt (OCVB) in the territory of the Omsukchan Trough, unique in its silver resources. Native silver in the studied ore makes up finely dispersed inclusions no larger than 50 μm in size, which are hosted in quartz; fills microfractures and interstices in association with küstelite, electrum, acanthite, silver sulfosalts and selenides, argyrodite, and pyrite. It has been shown that the chemical composition of native silver, along with its typomorphic features, is a stable indication of the various stages of deposit formation and types of mineralization: gold–silver (Au–Ag), silver–base metal (Ag–Pb), and gold–silver–base metal (Au–Ag–Pb). The specificity of native silver is expressed in the amount of trace elements and their concentrations. In Au–Ag ore, the following trace elements have been established in native silver (wt %): up to 2.72 S, up to 1.86 Au, up to 1.70 Hg, up to 1.75 Sb, and up to 1.01 Se. Native silver in Ag–Pb ore is characterized by the absence of Au, high Hg concentrations (up to 12.62 wt %), and an increase in Sb, Se, and S contents; the appearance of Te, Cu, Zn, and Fe is notable. All previously established trace elements—Hg, Au, Sb, Se, Te, Cu, Zn, Fe, and S—are contained in native silver of Au–Ag–Pb ore. In addition, Pb appears, and silver and gold amalgams are widespread, as well as up to 24.61 wt % Hg and 11.02 wt % Au. Comparison of trace element concentrations in native silver at the Rogovik deposit with the literature data, based on their solubility in solid silver, shows that the content of chalcogenides (S, Se, Te) exceeds saturated concentrations. Possible mechanisms by which elevated concentrations of these elements are achieved in native silver are discussed. It is suggested that the appearance of silver amalgams, which is unusual for Au–Ag mineralization not only in the Omsukchan Trough, but also in OCVB as a whole, is caused by superposition of the younger Dogda–Erikit Hg-bearing belt on the older Ag-bearing Omsukchan Trough. In practice, the results can be used to determine the general line of prospecting and geological exploration at objects of this type.     

二苯硫脲泡塑富集-原子吸收光谱法连续测定化探样品中金和银

传统的发射光谱、化学光谱、泡塑富集分离-原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中的金和银,分析结果不稳定,效率低。本研究提出用50%的王水分解化探样品,负载二苯硫脲泡塑吸附金银,石墨炉和火焰原子吸收光谱法对金和银进行联合测定。在二苯硫脲浓度、吸附酸度、吸附温度、振荡时间等优化的实验条件下,金和银的回收率分别达到97.9%和98.8%,检出限为0.25 ng/g和0.038 μg/g,准确度(RE,n=9)为2.0%~14.0%和7.7%~13.3%,精密度(RSD,n=9)为3.1%~12.4%和5.1%~13.2%。经国家标准物质分析验证,测定值与标准值基本相符。该方法实现了在同一份溶液中同时测定金和银,与现行的石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定金、发射光谱测定银的方法相比,称样量达到10 g,样品的代表性显著增加,提高了准确度和精密度,简化了金银分析的程序,化学试剂用量少,分析成本低。     

玲珑金矿田东山矿床矿体空间分带模型及应用

根据玲珑金矿田东山矿床地表及浅部勘查工程与采矿资料, 确定了成矿成晕元素种类。对成晕元素侧向分带特征和垂向分带规律的研究结果表明, 矿体上盘晕元素异常组合为Cu-As-Ag, 下盘晕元素异常组合为Cu-Te-As, 由此确定Au /As、Au /Pb、Au /Ag、Ag/Pb比值具有成矿判别意义, 即判别式Y₁ = 0.000 5 Au /As + 0.037 6 Au /Ag + 0.085 7 Au /Pb - 0.045 4 Ag/Pb > 0.009 2时指示含矿, 否则不含矿; 同时建立了基于Sb /As比值和Au、Ag、As、Sb 含量特征的见矿深度估计模型(H₁ = 1.104 9 + 79.63 k ( Sb /As) ×102 ) , 并对东山矿床主要矿体的可能成矿地段、见矿部位做出预测评价, 提出东山矿床9号、18号、47号、50号和52号支脉在175～ - 70 m标高范围内赋存金矿化或工业矿体。     

湘西沃溪钨锑金矿床超纯自然金

湘西沃溪钨锑金矿床产有自然界中十分罕见的超纯自然金。超纯自然金的Au含量在99 %以上 ,Fisher成色接近1000。自然金中含有Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu、As、Sb、Hg、Bi等显微化学组分。与一般自然金相比 ,超纯自然金的Ag 含量显著偏低 ,而Pb、Zn、As、Sb、Hg、Bi等显微化学组分含量趋于偏高 ,且较稳定。理论分析表明 ,超纯自然金的形成与强氧化性的酸性成矿流体有关。流体中金、银主要以MeCl2-(Me=Au或Ag)的络合物形式迁移。推断矿床成矿可能与区域中酸性岩浆活动有成因联系。     

磷酸三丁酯三苯基膦醋酸纤维富集-等离子体发射光谱法测定地质样品中的痕量金银

地质样品经王水分解后,在一定浓度的王水和盐酸介质中,以磷酸三丁酯三苯基膦醋酸纤维富集金银,用20g/L硫脲溶液解脱,采用等离子体发射光谱法测定,金、银的回收率为98%~101%,方法检出限金为0.001μg/g,银为0.001μg/g。     

古利库金(银)矿床水平及垂向矿化变化特征

对大兴安岭古利库金(银)矿床的不同类型矿体(矿化围岩)和不同深度区间岩心样品的Au、Ag、Au/Ag的变化特征研究表明:由最北部的矿(化)体至最南部的矿(化)体,金银比值在水平10000m范围内降低约97%,而0~200m不同深度区间内岩心样品的Au/Ag平均比值稳定变化在0.08~0.09之间,即矿区由北至南出现明显的金银矿化的水平分带,而未出现金银矿化的垂向分带.     

Genesis of gold and silver sulfides at the Ulakhan deposit (northeastern Russia)

Geology and mineralogy of the Ulakhan Au-Ag epithermal deposit (northeastern Russia, Magadan Region) are considered. A four-stage scheme of mineral formation sequence is proposed. Concentrations of Au and Ag in minerals of early and late parageneses were determined. It has been established that uytenbogaardtite is associated with native gold and hypergenesis stage minerals — goethite, hydrogoethite, or limonite replacing pyrite. The compositions of uytenbogaardtite (Ag₃AuS₂), acanthite (Ag₂S), and native gold were studied. The composition of the Ulakhan uytenbogaardtite is compared with those of Au and Ag sulfides from other deposits. Thermodynamic calculations in the system H₂O–Fe–Au–Ag–S–C–Na–Cl were carried out, which simulate the interaction of native gold and silver with O₂- and CO₂-saturated surface waters (carbonaceous, sulfide-carbonaceous, and chloride-sodium-carbonaceous) in the presence and absence of acanthite and pyrite at 25 °C and 1 bar. In closed pyrite-including systems, native silver and kustelite are replaced by acanthite; electrum, by uytenbogaardtite, acanthite, and pure gold; and native gold with a fineness of 700–900‰, by pure gold and uytenbogaardtite. Under the interaction with surface waters in the presence of Ag₂S and pyrite, Au-Ag alloys form equilibrium assemblages with petrovskaite or uytenbogaardtite and pure gold. The calculation results confirmed that Au and Ag sulfides can form after native gold in systems involving sulfide-carbon dioxide solutions (H₂Saq > 10^–4 m). The modeling results support the possible formation of uytenbogaardtite and petrovskaite with the participation of native gold in the hypergenesis zone of epithermal Au-Ag deposits during the oxidation of Au(Ag)-containing pyrite, acanthite, or other sulfides.     

鄂西北竹山银洞沟银金矿床构造控矿特征

银洞沟银金矿床位于扬子地台北缘武当推覆体西部,产于武当群变火山岩组与变沉积岩组间的顺层型韧性剪切带中,与构造变形密切相关。晋宁期的伸展作用产生了顺层型韧性剪切带,韧性变形变质作用促使原岩中银金等贵金属、多金属元素活化迁移,随剪切变形变质热液在强应变带中沉淀,形成初始矿源层。印支期的陆陆碰撞作用,促成不同层次面型剪切带岩石褶皱、韧脆性推覆,成矿元素从初始矿源层中再次活化、运移,随着沿褶皱轴面劈理发育的烟灰色糜棱岩化石英脉的形成,沉淀富集于石英脉中,形成银金矿床。脆性变形的叠加,使含矿石英脉产生扭动,促使成矿元素的局部富集,形成透镜状或板状矿体。成矿元素的垂直分带是由构造环境的变化导致成矿元素的叠生作用而形成的。多硅白云母及白云母年龄的测定表明该矿床的成矿期为印支期。