摩擦摆隔震双层球面网壳结构的多维地震响应

将摩擦摆(FPS)引入到网壳结构的隔震控制中。文中首先阐明了FPS的工作机理和本构关系,建立了FPS隔震网壳结构的振动方程。通过双层球面网壳结构的数值算例考察了隔震和无控结构在单向和三向地震作用下的振动响应以及FPS的控制效果。研究结果表明,FPS具有良好的隔震和耗能效果,可有效地应用于球面网壳结构的振动控制。     

基于概率密度演化的隔震结构随机地震响应

本文考虑地震动的随机性,运用概率密度演化方法对基础隔震结构的随机响应进行研究.上部结构与隔震层分别采用刚度退化的Bouc-Wen模型与Bouc-Wen模型,建立隔震结构的概率密度演化方程,直接应用四阶龙格-库塔方法迭代求解隔震结构的非线性的响应,得出隔震结构在8度罕遇地震下每层的位移概率.结果显示隔震结构较非隔震结构上部结构的位移大大地减小了,上部结构具有足够的安全性.结构整个概率密度演化过程显示了隔震结构的响应信息,概率密度演化方法能够有效评估隔震结构的抗震性能.     

随机阻尼对结构抗风抗震动力响应的影响

本文讨论了结构系统阻尼的随机性,运用运动微分方程和二阶摄动地具有随机阻尼的结构系统在地震荷载作用下的动力响应进行了计算,给出随机阻尼对结构响应的影响。结果表明,随机阻尼对结构的位移、速度和加速度的物确存在,特别是阻尼的变异系数较大对结构的动力响应影响更为明显,应引起结构设计者的足够重视。     

摩擦摆基础隔震结构多维地震反应分析

对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了单向、双向和三向地震反应对比分析,表明考虑双向水平地震动时摩擦摆基础隔震结构的支座位移增大,而结构的加速度和楼层剪力减小,其中对支座位移和结构加速度影响较大;考虑竖向地震动时摩擦摆基础隔震结构的支座位移略有减小,而结构的加速度和楼层剪力增大,其中对结构加速度影响较大.因而,在进行摩擦摆基础隔震结构地震反应分析时,应考虑多维地震动的影响.     

支座摩擦系数对摩擦摆基础隔震结构地震反应的影响

对不同地震烈度作用下的摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了地震反应分析,分析了支座摩擦系数对支座位移、楼层加速度和楼层剪力的影响。结果表明随着摩擦摆支座摩擦系数的增大,支座位移逐渐减小,而结构的加速度和楼层剪力逐渐增大;随着地震作用强度的提高,摩擦系数对支座位移的影响逐渐增大,而摩擦系数对结构加速度和楼层剪力的影响逐渐减小。     

摩擦摆基础隔震结构双向地震反应分析

采用双向耦合力学模型模拟摩擦摆支座的双向耦合效应,对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了单向和双向地震反应对比分忻,分析表明在双向地震作用下结构各层的加速度反应较小,隔震层的层间位移较大,而上部结构的层间位移较小,并且在双向地震作用下,支座的最大位移明显大于单向地震作用时的支座最大位移,因而应考虑双向地震作用对摩擦摆基础隔震结构地震反应和隔震支座性能的影响。     

支座滑道半径对摩擦摆基础隔震结构地震反应的影响

对摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了地震反应分析,研究了支座滑道半径对支座位移、楼层加速度和楼层剪力的影响,表明当支座的摩擦系数较小时,随着支座滑道半径的增大,隔震结构的自振周期增大,摩擦摆支座位移逐渐增大,结构的加速度反应和楼层剪力减小当支座的摩擦系数较大时,改变支座的滑道半径,调整基础隔震结构周期对支座位移、结构加速度反应和...     

摩擦摆基础隔震上部偏心结构地震反应影响因素分析

对上部结构存在偏心的摩擦摆基础隔震结构进行了水平双向地震作用下的地震反应分析,研究了上部结构偏心距和抗扭刚度对结构地震反应的影响。分析表明:上部结构偏心距对上部结构和隔震层的位移反应和加速度反应均有较大影响,即使在上部结构偏心距较小时,其对结构地震反应仍有一定程度的影响;上部结构的抗扭刚度对上部结构的加速度反应影响较小,而对上部结构的位移反应影响较大;上部结构的抗扭刚度对隔震层的加速度反应和位移反应影响较小。因而,对于上部结构存在偏心的摩擦摆基础隔震结构,应减小上部结构偏心距并增大其抗扭刚度以减小摩擦摆基础隔震结构的扭转反应。     

结构内设备的摩擦摆隔震响应分析

基于系统耦和振动微分方程，分析了结构内摩擦摆隔震设备的响应规律和隔震效果。计算结果表明，经过合理设计的摩擦摆系统能够显著控制设备的地震绝对加速度响应从而有效提高设备的抗震可靠度。     

Shake table testing on restoring capability of double concave friction pendulum seismic isolation systems

After an earthquake, non‐negligible residual displacements may affect the serviceability of a base isolated structure, if the isolation system does not possess a good restoring capability. The permanent offset does not affect the performance unless the design is problematic for utilities, also considering possible concerns related to the maintenance of the devices. Starting from experimental and analytical results of previous studies, the restoring capability of Double Concave Friction Pendulum bearings is investigated in this paper. A simplified design suggestion for the estimation of maximum expected residual displacements for currently used friction pendulum systems is then validated. The study is based on controlled‐displacement and seismic input experiments, both performed under unidirectional motion. Several shaking table tests have been carried out on a three‐dimensional isolated specimen structure. The same sequence of seismic inputs was applied considering three different conditions of sliding surfaces corresponding to low, medium and high friction. The accumulation of residual displacements is also investigated by means of nonlinear dynamic analysis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The many steady state responses of a rigid block under harmonic forcing

Recent mathematical advances in the study of the response of a rigid block to horizontal simple harmonic forcing conclude that (i) all types of subharmonic response are possible, (ii) several types can occur at one point in parameter space, (iii) exact expressions are available for stability boundaries in parameter space, (iv) asymmetric solutions exist just outside the upper boundaries of symmetric solutions, (v) period- and impact-doubling cascades occur as parameter values are varied even further outside the boundaries, (vi) aperiodic (or chaotic) responses are possible, (vii) periodic responses can occur which appear to violate West's formula and (viii) steady state responses of the forced system can be so large as to produce toppling of the block if the system were unforced. These results are used to explain and extend recent computational work. Also we find quantitative agreement between our theoretical work and some recent experimental work of Tso and Wong.     

摩擦单摆支座等效摩擦系数数值仿真及试验研究

对摩擦单摆支座的主要参数等效摩擦系数进行了数值仿真及试验研究,为桥梁结构的减隔震设计提供了参考。数值仿真包括等效摩擦系数与滑动面和转动面的摩擦系数、竖向承载力及加载频率三者关系的研究,对比分析了模拟结果与试验结果。结果表明:当滑动面与转动面的摩擦系数为不同取值时,支座等效摩擦系数的模拟值略大于理论值,初步验证了支座等效摩擦系数理论公式的正确性;通过模拟结果与试验结果的对比分析,进一步验证了该理论公式的合理性。     

大型储液罐摩擦摆基底隔震控制分析

针对弹性钢制圆柱储液罐,基于Haroun-Housner模型,将连续流体质量等效为3种集中质量,分别为:对流质量、脉冲质量和刚性质量,与这些集中质量连接的相应刚度取值依赖于储罐壁和流体质量.在水平地震激励下,在储罐底部加摩擦单摆支座,给出了简化的液体 - 储罐-隔震支座的力学分析模型,建立了摩擦摆支座基底隔震体系的振动控制方程,并利用Newmark逐步积分法对控制方程进行了数值求解,研究了摩擦摆支座基底隔震的储液罐地震反应,验证了FPB隔震的有效性.     

The effect of spatially varying earthquake ground motions on the stochastic response of bridges isolated with friction pendulum systems

In this paper, a comprehensive investigation of the effect of spatially varying earthquake ground motions on the stochastic response of bridges isolated with friction pendulum systems is performed. The spatially varying earthquake ground motions are considered with incoherence, wave-passage and site-response effects. The importance of the site-response effect, which arises from the difference in the local soil conditions at different support points of the isolated bridge, is investigated particularly. Mean of maximum and variance response values obtained from the spatially varying earthquake ground motions are compared with those of the specialised cases of the ground motion model. It is shown that site-response component of the spatially varying earthquake ground motion model has important effects on the stochastic response of the isolated bridges. Therefore, to be more realistic in calculating the isolated bridge responses, the spatially varying earthquake ground motions should be incorporated in the analysis.     

A steady state of the disc dynamo

Abstract

We discuss the steady states of the αω-dynamo in a thin disc which arise due to α-quenching. Two asymptotic regimes are considered, one for the dynamo numberD near the generation thresholdD ₀, and the other for |D| ? 1. Asymptotic solutions for |D—D ₀| ? |D ₀| have a rather universal character provided only that the bifurcation is supercritical. For |D| ? 1 the asymptotic solution crucially depends on whether or not the mean helicity α, as a function ofB, has a positive root (hereB is the mean magnetic field). When such a root exists, the field value in the major portion of the disc is O(l), while near the disc surface thin boundary layers appear where the field rapidly decreases to zero (if the disc is surrounded by vacuum). Otherwise, when α = O(|B|^?s) for |B| → ∞, we demonstrate that |B| = O(|D|^1/s ) and the solution is free of boundary layers. The results obtained here admit direct comparison with observations of magnetic fields in spiral galaxies, so that an appropriate model of nonlinear galactic dynamos hopefully could be specified.     

Evaluation of simplified methods of analysis for structures with triple friction pendulum isolators

Triple friction pendulum isolators, that exhibit behavior with amplitude‐dependent strength and instantaneous stiffness, represent a new development in seismic isolation. The application of simplified methods of analysis for this type of seismically isolated structures requires development of tools of simplified analysis and demonstration of their accuracy. This paper describes these tools and presents validation studies based on a large number of nonlinear response history analysis results. It is shown that simplified methods of analysis systematically provide good and often conservative estimates of isolator displacement demands and good estimates of isolator peak velocities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A model of triple friction pendulum bearing for general geometric and frictional parameters

Current models describing the behavior for the triple friction pendulum (TFP) bearing are based on the assumption that the resultant force of the contact pressure acts at the center of each sliding surface. Accordingly, these models only rely on equilibrium in the horizontal direction to arrive at the equations describing its behavior. This is sufficient for most practical applications where certain constraints on the friction coefficient values apply as a direct consequence of equilibrium. This paper presents a revised model of behavior of the TFP bearing in which no assumptions are made on the location of the resultant forces at each sliding surface and no constraints on the values of the coefficient of friction are required, provided that all sliding surfaces are in full contact. To accomplish this, the number of degrees of freedom describing the behavior of the bearing is increased to include the location of the resultant force at each sliding surface and equations of moment equilibrium are introduced to relate these degrees of freedom to forces. Moreover, the inertia effects of each of the moving parts of the bearing are accounted for in the derivation of the equations describing its behavior. The model explicitly calculates the motion of each of the components of friction pendulum bearings so that any dependence of the coefficient of friction on the sliding velocity and temperature can be explicitly accounted for and calculations of heat flux and temperature increase at each sliding surface can be made. This paper presents (a) the development of the revised TFP bearing model, (b) the analytic solution for the force–displacement relations of two configurations of the TFP bearing, (c) a model that incorporates inertia effects of the TFP bearing components and other effects that are useful in advanced response history analysis, and (d) examples of implementation of the features of the presented model. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.