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阐述了广州海洋观测网建设的迫切性和必要性,对海洋观测网建设在海洋防灾减灾、海岸工程建设及海水养殖等方面的重要意义进行了分析说明。总结广州市海洋观测网建设现状和成果,并利用已有观测数据对2017年台风“天鸽”和“帕卡”期间广州海域水文气象特征、2015—2017年枯水期咸潮入侵特征进行了分析。研究表明, 现有观测数据对台风和咸潮活动均具有较明显的反应,且对海洋防灾减灾工作具有重要的意义;为更有效地利用已有观测数据,将观测数据价值最大化,对观测网建设及运行过程中观测工作机制及业务化流程、数据质量控制、观测站布设合理性以及数据应用分析这几个方面存在的问题进行了探讨,提出了广州海洋观测网的优化、改进措施及未来发展方向。 相似文献
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注重海洋仪器设备的发展提高海洋监测技术水平 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了适应当今海洋工作的要求与发展,本文就我国海洋仪器设备研制和应用的现状作出了较系统的总结,指出了存在的问题与原因。结合我国海洋工作的“九五”计划和2010年远景规划,并提高我国海洋观(监)测技术水平,文章提出了关于发展我国海洋观(监)测仪器设备的六点建议和具体方法。 相似文献
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自由漂浮式“阿尔戈”海洋研究机器人研究者成功的观测计划始于2000年,这将是全世界关注的陆地海洋监控系统一部分,并已获得两项里程碑:完成“阿尔戈”全球海洋观测网计划的2/3;用联合国投放的浮标采集了大约5.5万份剖面观测数据。 相似文献
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在全球气候变化的背景下,现代化海洋牧场是我国应对近海生态环境恶化和渔业资源衰退、实现海洋生态文明和海洋强国战略的重要手段。而海洋牧场观测网是科学指导现代化海洋牧场建设,并进行科学管理的重要基础。为了保障现代化海洋牧场的可持续健康发展,山东省于2015年底开始在各海洋牧场建设生态环境海底观测站,并组网建成世界先进的海洋牧场观测网,目前已覆盖23处海洋牧场。设立观测网预警中心,负责海洋牧场观测网的日常运行和维护,同时开展水域多学科耦合过程的基础研究和业务化辅助决策的应用服务。海洋牧场观测网的建立和业务化运行初步实现了海洋牧场生态环境和渔业资源的"可测"、"可视"、"可控"和"可预警"。目前,我国现代化海洋牧场观测网的科学发展仍面临诸多挑战,建议进一步增强观测设备的自主研发能力和长期在线监测的稳定性,跨介质立体组网、实现海洋牧场的全方位立体监测,深化多学科耦合过程的基础研究并提供多元业务化辅助决策应用服务,为现代化海洋牧场的高质量发展保驾护航。 相似文献
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国际 Argo 计划由“核心 Argo”向“全球 Argo”的拓展和国产北斗剖面浮标的成功研制,为西北太平洋重要边缘海———南海 Argo 区域海洋观测网的建立提供了契机。 介绍了南海 Argo 区域海洋观测网的总体设计,以及利用相关调查航次在南海布放了首批北斗剖面浮标,初步建立了由我国主导建设的“南海 Argo 区域海洋观测网”。 此外,利用调查航次获得的船载 CTD 和实验室盐度计分析结果以及周边海域历史资料验证了国产北斗剖面浮标观测数据的可靠性。 相似文献
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海洋是人类社会走可持续发展道路的一个重要领域,开发海洋资源,发展海洋经济,建设“海上苏东”,已成为江苏省一项跨世纪的重大战略举措。江苏苏北沿海之所以为全国沿海经济中的一块“洼地”,笔者认为一个极其重要的根因是海洋区域特色经济区(带)没有确立。苏北沿海经济要迅速“隆起”,审时度势地划分功能区、建设海洋区域特色经济区(带)是发展海洋经济迫在眉捷的一件大事。 相似文献
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海洋光学遥感与海洋高光谱特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
海洋光学遥感与海洋高光谱特性研究李武辛海英(国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266003)葛运国(国家海洋局海洋技术研究所,天津300111)1前言1978年8月,美国发射了世界上第一颗海洋卫星Seasat-1,标志着海洋探测与陆地、大气探测一样,进入... 相似文献
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资料同化技术的发展及其在海洋科学中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
同顾了资料同化技术,特别是基于最优控制和统计估计这两大理论基础发展起来的几种资料同化方法的研究进展,以及这些方法在海洋科学研究中的应用现状.可以看到,由于海洋观测资料(如地转海洋学实时观测阵(Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography,Argo)、热带大气海洋阵列(Trop... 相似文献
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Kentaro Ando Yoshifumi Kuroda Yosuke Fujii Tatsuya Fukuda Takuya Hasegawa Takanori Horii Yasuhisa Ishihara Yuji Kashino Yukio Masumoto Keisuke Mizuno Motoki Nagura Iwao Ueki 《Journal of Oceanography》2017,73(4):403-426
The Triangle Trans‐Ocean Buoy Network (TRITON) project by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology began with deployment in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in 1998 and has shifted to steady, long-term observations since 1999. After on-site inter-comparison with the Autonomous Temperature Line Acquisition System mooring system of the Tropical Atmosphere and Ocean (TAO) array by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the TRITON array became the international TAO/TRITON array in 2000 as a key component of the Global Ocean and Climate Observing Systems. The TAO/TRITON array took over from the TAO array, which was developed during the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program (1985–1994), and replaced the western part of TAO with new additional real-time measurements of salinity and ocean currents. In 2001, two TRITON moorings were deployed in the eastern Indian Ocean for capturing the eastern pole of the Indian Ocean Dipole. From this initiative, the Indian Ocean Observing System (IndOOS) was designed, and the Indian Ocean mooring array (Research Moored Array for Africa–Asian–Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction) was developed as a key component of IndOOS. In this paper, 15 years of progress in the TRITON project in the western Pacific and eastern Indian Oceans is reviewed with regards to scientific outcomes, technological development, and collaborations with international and domestic partners. Future directions for sustainable observation in the Pacific and Indian Oceans are also discussed. 相似文献
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Seasonal Variability of Near-Surface Heat Budget of Selected Oceanic Areas in the North Tropical Indian Ocean 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The results obtained from an Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM), the Modular Ocean Model 2.2, forced with the National
Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data, and observational data have
been utilized to document the climatological seasonal cycle of the upper ocean response in the Tropical Indian Ocean. We address
the various roles played by the net surface heat flux and the local and remote ocean dynamics for the seasonal variation of
near-surface heat budget in the Tropical Indian Ocean. The investigation is based in seven selected boxes in the Arabian Sea,
Bay of Bengal and the Equatorial Indian Ocean. The changes of basin-wide heat budget of ocean process in the Arabian Sea and
the Western Equatorial Indian Ocean show an annual cycle, whereas those in the Bay of Bengal and the Eastern Equatorial Indian
Ocean show a semi-annual cycle. The time tendency of heat budget in the Arabian Sea depends on both the net surface heat flux
and ocean dynamics while on the other hand, that in the Bay of Bengal depends mainly on the net surface flux. However, it
has been found that the changes of heat budget are very different between western and eastern regional sea areas in the Arabian
Sea and the Bay of Bengal, respectively. This difference depends on seasonal variations of the different local wind forcing
and the different ocean dynamics associated with ocean eddies and Kelvin and Rossby waves in each regional sea areas. We also
discuss the comparison and the connection for the seasonal variation of near-surface heat budget among their regional sea
areas.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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太平洋内部副热带-热带经向翻转环流(subtropical-tropical cell,STC)是连接热带和副热带的海洋通道.由于以往海洋观测资料的匮乏,前人多利用海洋模式数据进行研究,且仅限于沿单一纬度上的STC的分析,较少涉及沿不同纬度的STC的季节变异规律.利用地转海洋学实时观测阵(array for real-... 相似文献
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星载微波散射计是获取全球海面风场信息的主要手段, HY-2B卫星散射计的成功发射为全球海面风场数据获取的持续性提供了重要保障。本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF)再分析风场数据、热带大气海洋观测计划(Tropical Atmosphere Ocean Array, TAO)和美国国家数据浮标中心(National Data Buoy Center, NDBC)浮标获取的海面风矢量实测数据, 对HY-2B散射计海面风场数据产品的质量进行统计分析。分析表明, HY-2B风场与ECMWF再分析风场对比, 在4~24m·s-1风速区间内, 风速和风向均方根误差(root mean square error, RMSE)分别为1.58m·s-1和15.34°; 与位于开阔海域的TAO浮标数据对比, 风速、风向RMSE分别为1.03m·s-1和14.98°, 可见HY-2B风场能较好地满足业务化应用的精度要求(风速优于2m·s-1, 风向优于20°)。与主要位于近海海域的NDBC浮标对比, HY-2B风场的风速、风向RMSE分别为1.60m·s-1和19.14°, 说明HY-2B散射计同时具备了对近海海域风场的良好观测能力。本文还发现HY-2B风场质量会随风速、地面交轨位置等变化, 为用户更好地使用HY-2B风场产品提供参考。 相似文献
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ENSO期热带太平洋和印度洋海温异常对亚洲夏季风变异影响的数值研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文采用AGCM研究了ENSO期间热带太在和印度洋SSTA对亚洲夏季风变异影响的特点和相对重要性。 相似文献
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An information system for ocean wave resources and its application to wave power utilizationare indtroduced.It can manage,analyze and process the data in the monthly report of ocean wave observa-tion records of the State Ocean Administration,and can provide various kinds of curves and numericalcharacters of statistics.This system has been put into utility in Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion(GIEC),the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 1996.An application example is given of theinverstigation and analysis on ocean wave resource of the Nan Ao Island,Guangdong Province,where a100 kW onshore OWC(oscillating water column)wave power station will be built.The wave power distri-bution is obtained in different wave directions for different wave periods.It is found that 70 percent of thewave power comes from the direction of ENE,and more than 95 percent of the wave power is related withdirection E.The average wave power density is about 3 kW/m,and more than 80 percent of the wavepower is distributed in the 相似文献
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为了使全球性的海洋观测数据能够及时、可靠、准确地接收,介绍了基于卫星网络海洋观测数据传输链路的组成,对卫星传输链路的3个组成部分进行详细说明,包括:Iridium,Argos,Inmarsat和中国北斗四种卫星网络系统及比较分析,各卫星网络对应发送终端的分类分析以及陆地接收系统数据下载方式的比较分析。以Iridium网络系统为例,建设可实现全球覆盖的海洋观测数据卫星传输链路,完成现场观测数据的实时回传,为海洋观测数据卫星传输链路的建设提供示范,对比PSTN和M2M两种数据下载方式,通过实验分析,结果表明该海洋观测数据的卫星传输链路具备可行性和可靠性,可以进行业务化运行。 相似文献