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污染水及对污染致病问题的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在城乡供水中 ,评价地下水是否受到污染 ,用有无病菌是不确切的 ,随着工农业的发展 ,不仅污染来源于生活污水、生活垃圾、农业灌溉污水及工业垃圾等 ,也使地下水受到严重污染。工业废水 ,工业垃圾中含有重金属 ,有机、无机化合物 ,给人类健康和生活环境造成极大危害 ,本文着重从生活污水工业废水 ,污水灌溉等方面的污染致病进行了分析探讨 相似文献
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本文通过对运城地区地下水资源超量开采引起的一系列环境地质问题及工业、生活污水对地下水污染现状的探讨,基于可持续发展的思想,提出了运城地区地下水资源开发、利用应采取的策略。 相似文献
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污染水及污染致病问题的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在城乡供水中,评价地下水是否受到污染,用有无病菌是不确切的,随着工农业的发展,不仅污染来源于生活污水、生活垃圾、农业灌溉污水及工业垃圾等,也使地下水受到严重污染。工业废水,工业垃圾中含有重金属,有机、无机化合物,给人类健康和生活环境造成极大危害,本文着重从生活污水工业废水,污水灌溉等方面的污染致病进行了分析探讨。 相似文献
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张绍增 《水文地质工程地质》1982,(4)
广西岩溶地区由于工业“三废”、生活污水及垃圾等废物处理不当,以及农药、化肥的大量使用,使得岩溶地下水直接或间接遭到不同程度的污染。广西现有大小工矿企业万余个,多处于河流两岸及岩溶地区,每天排放工业废水和生活污水440多万吨,其中生活污水约占23%,大部分排入河流和农田,有一些直接排入溶洞,而使地下水受到污染。 据近年来环境水文地质调查研究的结果,广西岩溶地下水的污染有以下四种类型: 1、化学污染类型 地下水主要被有机与无机化合物、重金属、农药 相似文献
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太原市浅层地下水污染十分严重,其污染的分布特征与地表水污染有密切的联系,污染的主要成因是工业废水、生活污水及农业污灌等污废水通过各种途径渗漏到地下水中,导致浅层水受到污染。本文通过对水质污染现状、原因及其机理分析,提出了防止污染及水质保护的具体措施。 相似文献
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济南某地区裂隙岩溶地下水硝酸盐污染现状及溯源浅析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对历史资料的对比,揭示了济南某地裂隙岩溶地下水中硝酸根污染现状,并通过三线图法对硝酸根进行溯源分析,显示研究区地下水硝酸根含量受人类活动影响明显,并有进一步发展的趋势。相关性分析法分析结果显示地下水硝酸根含量与Cl相关,说明其与工业废水联系密切,而土壤剖面中硝酸根含量显示,土壤中硝酸根含量的顺序为:禽畜粪便污染类污水排放污染类垃圾堆放污染类。分析认为,研究区裂隙盐溶承压水硝酸根污染的来源主要为补给区及径流区强烈渗漏携带牲畜粪便及氮肥和农家肥的施用、生活污水、工业废水及浅层水混入。 相似文献
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The city of Seoul is home to more than 10 million people in an area of 605 km2. Groundwater is abstracted for public water supply and industrial use, and to drain underground facilities and construction
sites. Though most tap water is supplied from the Han River, the quantity and quality of groundwater is of great concern to
Seoul's citizens, because the use of groundwater for drinking water is continuously increasing. This study identifies the
major factors affecting the urban water budget and quality of groundwater in the Seoul area and estimates the urban water
budget. These factors include leakage from the municipal water-supply system and sewer systems, precipitation infiltration,
water-level fluctuations of the Han River, the subway pumping system, and domestic pumping. The balance between groundwater
recharge and discharge is near equilibrium. However, the quality of groundwater and ability to control contaminant fluxes
are impeded by sewage infiltration, abandoned landfills, waste dumps, and abandoned wells.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
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作为南水北调中线工程的水源地,丹江口水库地下水的水质是影响南水北调工程建设的重要因素。为了确保丹江口水库一库清水送北京,对水库老灌河流域进行地下水采样、统计和分析,研究地下水的水化学特征,结果表明: 丹江口老灌河流域地下水偏弱碱性,属于低矿化水,Ca2+为优势阳离子,$HCO_3^-$为优势阴离子; 除$NO_3^-$外,该区主要离子浓度均符合我国及世界卫生组织推荐的饮用水标准; 丰水期和枯水期地下水的水化学类型均为Ca-Mg-HCO3型和Ca-HCO3型,水化学过程以风化-溶滤作用为主; 地下水$NO_3^-$超标13%~17%,丰水期部分区域出现Cl-型水化学类型。季节变化对老灌河流域地下水的水化学类型空间分布影响较小,地下水水质受农业、养殖业、工业遗留废渣及生活污水等影响。 相似文献
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作为南水北调中线工程的水源地,丹江口水库地下水的水质是影响南水北调工程建设的重要因素。为了确保丹江口水库一库清水送北京,对水库老灌河流域进行地下水采样、统计和分析,研究地下水的水化学特征,结果表明: 丹江口老灌河流域地下水偏弱碱性,属于低矿化水,Ca2+为优势阳离子,$HCO_3^-$为优势阴离子; 除$NO_3^-$外,该区主要离子浓度均符合我国及世界卫生组织推荐的饮用水标准; 丰水期和枯水期地下水的水化学类型均为Ca-Mg-HCO3型和Ca-HCO3型,水化学过程以风化-溶滤作用为主; 地下水$NO_3^-$超标13%~17%,丰水期部分区域出现Cl-型水化学类型。季节变化对老灌河流域地下水的水化学类型空间分布影响较小,地下水水质受农业、养殖业、工业遗留废渣及生活污水等影响。 相似文献
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广西南宁朝阳溪对浅层地下水污染特征研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
文章利用5个钻孔和3个水井监测资料,分析了广西南宁朝阳溪排污沟对周边浅层地下水的影响。结果表明,朝阳溪排污沟对周边浅层地下水产生了明显的污染,特征污染物为氨氮,浓度超过地下水环境质量Ⅲ类水质标准1~65.75倍,氨氮浓度随距朝阳溪的距离增大而逐渐减小,且具有季节变化特征,丰水期污染程度明显低于枯水期。分析认为,浅层地下水的三氮主要来源于排入朝阳溪的人畜粪便;多环芳烃主要来源于草、木、煤燃烧;DDT来源于历史残留,BHCs则来源于上游林丹的使用和远距离大气沉降。 相似文献
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Our study region is characterized by a varied age detritus Mio-Plio-Quaternary formations. Some training can be an important groundwater sources (alluvial sand, shell, limestone, gravel). Agriculture in the study area is the first socio-economic activity and the largest consumer of water resources. It is therefore necessary to take into account for effective water management. This may causes a risk of pollution of various kinds: agricultural, industrial, and domestic water overlooked the lack of wastewater treatment plants in the region and that all discharges of sewage are dumped into the river are the Rhumel no prior treatment. Wadi Rhumel water pollution factors are multiple and related primarily to the agricultural vocation of the area, the nature of different domestic and industrial discharges. We note that the discharge of wastewater from the town of Tadjenanet and Chelghoum Laid is at wadi Rhumel, the latter during low water turns into open sewer. In times of water shortage, intensive pumping on the outskirts of the wadi locally generates an immigration of a possible pollution load to groundwater. Two major cities in our study area are located along of wadi Rhumel with an estimated population over 100,000 inhabitants. Both towns have uncontrolled landfills where one is located at the upstream of wadi Rhumel. Faced with this alarming environmental situation and the lack of treatment plants, we contribute to the study of the impact of wastewater on the quality of surface and groundwater through a physicochemical analysis interpretation. 相似文献
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A hydrogeological study has been carried out in Antalya travertine basin for the future domestic water supply of Antalya.
Geological formations that could be used as an aquifer have been identified, and a hydrogeological map has been prepared.
Water-quality analyses show that groundwater has been and is being contaminated by sewage discharge, industrial works, and
other activities that create an ever-expending impact to the only available aquifer. Something should be done immediately
to protect the aquifer from additional degradation.
Received: 28 April 1998 · Accepted: 18 August 1998 相似文献
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目前针对喀斯特山区及平原过渡带天然河流硝酸盐的来源识别与追踪的研究鲜有报道,也较少考虑湿润气候区反季节性干旱气候特征对硝酸盐迁移规律的影响.以汉江二级支流泉水河流域为例,分析了从源头喀斯特地区、中间过渡区、平原区地表水和地下水硝酸盐含量及组成的空间变化,采用氮氧同位素识别地表水和地下水硝酸盐来源,利用SIAR模型定量计算各污染源的贡献率.结果表明:土壤有机氮、污水粪便、化肥和大气沉降对地下水硝酸盐来源贡献占比分别为31.4%、20.0%、29.6%和19.0%,对地表水硝酸盐来源的比例分别为32.0%、30.0%、25.0%和13.0%,污水粪便对地表水硝酸盐贡献比例较地下水增高;坝上水样因水体较大,自净能力较强,受污水粪便的影响很小(仅为9.0%),坝上水样硝酸盐土壤有机氮、大气沉降和化肥的贡献占比分别为43.0%、11.0%和37.0%.枯水期河水主要由地下水缓慢补给,无地表径流汇入,土壤有机氮为河流主要的硝酸盐来源,河流中下游更易受人类活动影响,生活污水和化肥对河流硝酸盐贡献增大. 相似文献
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Groundwater is an important water resource in the Helwan area, not only for drinking and agricultural purposes, but also because
several famous mineral springs have their origin in the fractured carbonate aquifer of the region. The area is heavily populated
with a high density of industrial activities which may pose a risk for groundwater and surface water resources. The groundwater
and surface water quality was investigated as a basis for more future investigations. The results revealed highly variable
water hydrochemistry. High values of chloride, sulphate, hardness and significant mineralization were detected under the industrial
and high-density urban areas. High nitrate contents in the groundwater recorded in the southern part of the study area are
probably due to irrigation and sewage infiltrations from the sewage treatment station. The presence of shale and marl intercalation
within the fissured and cavernous limestone aquifer promotes the exchange reactions and dissolution processes. The groundwater
type is sodium, sulphate, chloride reflecting more mineralized than surface water. The results also showed that water in the
study area (except the Nile water) is unsuitable for drinking purposes, but it can be used for irrigation and industrial purposes
with some restrictions. 相似文献
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地下水中高浓度的铵态氮对生活饮用水安全及生态环境存在潜在威胁。相比较硝态氮,高浓度的铵态氮不仅有各种人为来源,天然沉积环境更是造成高铵地下水的主要成因。本文以城镇化快速发展的珠江三角洲为研究区,运用数理统计、主成分分析等方法深入探讨了研究区高铵地下水的赋存环境特征及驱动因素。结果表明,研究区地下水中NH4+质量浓度介于未检出~180 mg/L。研究区1539组地下水样品中,NH4+质量浓度大于10 mg/L的高铵地下水69组,其中含NH4+质量浓度大于30 mg/L的高铵"肥水"23组。对比2005-2008年历史水化学数据,2009-2018年新增建设用地孔隙含水层高铵地下水样品比例增加25%。高铵地下水呈斑块状分布于三角洲平原区第四系底部低洼的基底、洼地等退积层序发育的淤泥质含水层中。淤泥层等富含有机质和总有机碳的沉积层是珠江三角洲地区的"生铵层",有机氮的矿化是三角洲平原区城市化孔隙含水层中高铵地下水的主要驱动力。城镇化扩张引起生活污水及富铵工业废水的泄漏入渗是城乡结合部高铵地下水铵氮的重要来源。三角洲平原区中性至弱碱性富含有机质的还原环境是高铵地下水的主要成因。风化溶滤、阳离子交换吸附、海陆交互作用是珠江三角洲高铵地下水质演变的主要水文地球化学过程。 相似文献