色层分离－端视电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯氧化铕中稀土杂质元素

对Ｐ５０７萃淋树脂分离稀土元素的条件进行了实验，拟定了以Ｐ５０７萃淋树脂为固定相，ＨＣｌ为流动相分离４Ｎ级荧光材料Ｅｕ＿２Ｏ＿３中１４种稀土杂质元素的流程，使被测杂质与基体Ｅｕ＿２Ｏ＿３达到了较好的分离；再用阳离子交换树脂分离被测液中非稀土杂质元素。选择了端视ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测量稀土杂质元素的最佳条件。称样量５０ｍｇ时各杂质组分的测定下限（ｕｇ／ｇ）为：ＣｅＯ＿２、Ｐｒ＿６Ｏ＿（１１）、Ｎｄ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｓｍ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｔｂ＿４Ｏ＿７、Ｈｏ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｅｒ＿２Ｏ＿３，Ｔｍ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｌｕ＿２Ｏ＿３０．４，Ｌａ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｇｄ＿２Ｏ＿３、０．２，Ｄｙ＿２Ｏ＿３、Ｙ＿２Ｏ＿３０．０４，Ｙｂ＿２Ｏ＿３０．０２。６次取样分析，各杂质组分加入量为１０ｕｇ／ｇ（ＣｅＯ＿２为２ｕｇ／ｇ），加入回收率在８４％～１１２％；ＲＳＤ＜１３％。方法可用于纯度在９９．９９％～９９．９９９５％Ｅｕ＿２Ｏ＿３中１４种稀土杂质元素的测定。     

广西百色盆地州景矿第三系褐煤有机地球化学与煤岩学研究 Ⅳ．单化合物碳稳定同位素推断生物标志物起源

一个未成熟褐煤抽提物中，高等植物生源化合物的同位素值在全煤碳同位素组成（δ１３Ｃ值－２７．０‰）的±２‰范围内，表明相似成煤植物对这些化合物的贡献，或者其成煤植物经历过相似的生物合成分馏效应。所检测的萜烃类按同位素差异分为两组:二萜类（δ１３Ｃ值－２５．０±１．４‰）和倍半萜类（δ１３Ｃ值－２５．９±１．５‰）平均较全煤样富集１～２％。１３Ｃ，而奥利烷－乌散烷－羽扇烷型衍生物（δ１３Ｃ值－２９．０±０．８‰）平均比全煤样减少１～２‰１３Ｃ。Ｃ₁₅～Ｃ₃₅正烷烃δ１３Ｃ平均值－３２．４±０．６‰，据此表明Ｃ₁₇～Ｃ₂₂和Ｃ₂₂～Ｃ₃₃正烷烃的同位素值与上述平均值没有明显差异。与全煤样相比较，该煤样抽提物的藿烷衍生物１３Ｃ值则减少８～３４‰，标志在成煤过程中甲烷的细菌循环起着作用。     

色层分离—端视电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高纯氧化铕中稀土…

对Ｐ５０７萃淋树脂分离稀土元素的条件进行了实验，拟定了Ｐ５０７萃淋树脂为固定相，ＨＣＬ为流动相分离４Ｎ级荧光材料Ｅｕ２Ｏ３中１４种稀土杂质元素的流程，使被测杂质与基体Ｅｕ２Ｏ３达到了较好的分离；再用阳离子交换树脂分离被测液中非稀土杂质元素，选择了端视ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测量稀土杂质元素的最佳条件，称样量５０ｍｇ时各杂质组分的测定下限为：ＣｅＯ２，Ｐｒ６Ｏ１１，Ｎｄ３Ｏ３，Ｓｍ２Ｏ３，Ｔｂ４Ｏ７，Ｈｏ２Ｏ     

内蒙古中部区地台区和地槽区元素地球化学分布特征

本文利用历史地球化学的观点，研究了内蒙中部区地台和地槽区各时代常量元素（Ｓｉ、Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ａｌ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ）、微量元素（Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｈｇ等）的分布特征，以及稀土元素（Ｌａ、Ｃｅ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｇｄ、Ｅｕ、Ｔｂ、Ｙｂ、Ｌｕ）总量变化、元素的配分和稀土元素的组成模式，总结了元素随地质年代由老到新的演化规律，指出了主要成矿元素相对富集的层位，得出内蒙中部区相对富集轻稀土、贫中稀土和重稀土的结论。     

粤西古水剖面震旦系顶部层状硅岩的热水成因属性:岩石学和地球化学证据

古水剖面震旦系顶部硅岩主要发育层状构造、纹理状构造、块状构造和假角砾状构造,化学成份以ＴｉＯ_２、Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３和大部分微量元素亏损（相对地壳克拉克值）为特征。但Ｂａ、Ａｓ和Ｓｂ等少数已知的热水沉积特征元素显示富集。在Ａｌ－Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ三元图上,古水硅岩投映在“热水沉积”域内。因子分析和对应分析显示了大部分金属元素在代表热水淋滤作用的因子上均有反映。稀土元素以低含量为特征,在对北美页岩组合样（ＮＡＳＣ）正规化后的稀土配分模式落在典型热水沉积的上、下限之间,而在正常沉积的之外。各种岩性和地球化学证据表明,古水硅岩具有热水成因。     

江西南城震旦系周潭群变质岩地球化学特征

周潭群变质岩其主要岩石类型的ＳｉＯ_２含量为５８％～７３％,Ｋ_２Ｏ＋Ｎａ_２Ｏ大多为４％～６％。稀土配分型式均为右倾负斜率轻稀土富集型,全部样品出现负Eu异常。岩石中Ｓｎ、Ｓｂ、Ｓ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｈｇ、Ｍｏ含量低于克拉克值,而Ｌｉ、Ｒｂ、Ｃｓ等碱性元素含量偏高,特别是微量元素组合Ａｎ、Ａｇ、Ａｓ、Ｐｈ、Ｚｎ含量明显高于克拉克值。周潭群变质岩形成年龄为６７２±７２Ｍａ,相当于震旦系底部层位,变质相应属低角门岩相,其原岩体系应为一套复理石或类复理石泥砂岩建造。     

会理小青山铜(金)矿区钠长石岩的地质地球化学特征及交代作用机制

应用稀土元素及微量元素方法和Ｇｒｅｓｅｎｓ方程,研究了小青山铜（金）矿区交代成因钠长石岩,区分出了两类不同原岩性质的钠长石岩。Ａ类钠长石的原岩为绢云母千枚岩,它们的ΣＲＥＥ为３０．１３～１０１．０９,ΣＣｅ／ΣＹ＝１．８～７．８,δＥｕ＝０．２３～０．９１,稀土配分曲线为右倾型;Ｒｂ等大离子亲石元素强烈亏损。Ｂ类钠长石岩的原岩为辉长岩,它们的ΣＲＥＥ＝２９．０６,ΣＣｅ／ΣＹ＝２．０４,δＥｕ＝０．９３,配分曲线为平坦型,大多数微量元素均为负异常。两类钠长石岩形成过程中Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｆｅ２Ｏ３、ＦｅＯ及ＭｇＯ等带出,Ｎａ２Ｏ及ＳｉＯ２带入。     

1854m～2608m气源岩中产甲烷菌的富集培养和发酵产气实验研究

供试样品１０个，为准噶尔盆地马庄气藏侏罗系气源岩，埋深１８５４ｍ～２６０８ｍ，形成于沼泽－滨浅湖相沉积环境，为ⅡＢ～Ⅲ型有机质，Ｒ０值＜０.７４％，处于低演化阶段。本文就烃源岩中厌氧发酵细菌的数量及产甲烷菌的类型、分布状况进行了研究，并直接利用地质样品进行了生化模拟产气实验。样品中发酵性细菌数量分布在５×１０２个/ｇ～２.３×１０４个/ｇ之间。在３５℃～６５℃状态下，从样品中普遍富集培养出产甲烷球菌（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｃｏｃｕｓ）；在５５℃条件下，从７号样品中富集培养出产甲烷杆菌（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ）。模拟产气结果表明:①３５℃时的甲烷累计产气量最高，为２９.４８ｍｌ～３９.４１ｍｌ，占总产出气体的８０％以上。（２）产出气体组份一致，以ＣＨ_４和ＣＯ_２为主，含极微量的乙烷和丙烷。（３）在３５℃时，产出甲烷气体的δ１３Ｃ值分布在－４０.１２‰--４３.９８‰之间，５５℃时为－５６.８２‰--６０.１０‰，６５℃时为－５８.０６‰--６５.１１‰，３５℃～５５℃时产出气体的甲烷碳同位素比值中值与实际气藏天然气的甲烷δ１３Ｃ值相近。该项研究为探讨产甲烷菌等厌氧微生物在２０００多米沉积岩中仍有活动提供了直接?     

一个古元古代A型流纹岩

山西吕梁群流纹岩是一个古元古代的弱碱性火山岩,它具有高ＳｉＯ２,Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ和Ｚｒ,Ｇａ等高场强元素和高ＦｅＯ＾＊／ＭｇＯ,Ｒｂ／Ｓｒ和Ｇａ／Ａｌ比值,以及低ＣａＯ,Ｓｒ和Ｅｕ／Ｅｕ＾＊的地球化学特征,相似于Ａ型花岗质岩石。它形成于大陆边缘裂谷环境,化学成分及同位素特征为高εＮｄ（ｔ）值,低（＾８７Ｓｒ／＾８６Ｓｒ）ｉ值,表明流纹岩的原始岩浆由下地壳晚太古代变质岩受裂谷岩浆和热流作用的影响部分     

滇西南那邦变质基性岩地球化学与俯冲板片裂离

中缅边界那邦麻粒岩相变质基性岩地球化学特征表明其原岩是岩浆岩,并具有ＭＯＲＢ的特性,其岩石化学具有以下特征：岩石的ＴＦｅ／ＭｇＯ值低（１．１０～２．１７）,ＡＦＭ图解上显示拉斑玄武岩演化趋势;ＴｉＯ２含量（１．１４％～１．８１％）高稀土亏损、重稀土较有富集的配分形式,稀土元素和总量（∑ＲＥＥ）值十倍于球粒陨石（２４～５０μｇ／ｇ）,（Ｌａ／Ｓｍ）Ｎ＝０．４３～０．７５（Ｌａ／Ｙｂ）Ｎ＝０．４５～０     

武都黄土剖面稀土元素研究

武都剖面晚更新世以来黄土的稀土元素地球化学分析结果表明，轻重稀土元素具有比黄土高原其他地区较强烈的分异作用，而这种强烈的分异作用，与其较高的粘土矿物含量及其吸附作用相关；另一方面，武都稀土元素具有与其他地区黄土相似的稀土分布模式；反映沉积物来源的特征参数显示，武都黄土与黄土高原典型剖面十分一致，故具相同来源。     

Mobility and Transport of Nd Isotopes in the Vadose Zone During Weathering of Granitic Till in a Boreal Forest

There is a broad correlation between the ε_Nd values for rivers (including both the water and the particulate material it carries) and the age of the source terrain. This paper presents Nd isotope distribution data for soil, soil water, groundwater, and stream water samples gathered in a small catchment in northern Sweden. The results show that the release of Nd and Sm from boreal forests into streams and, eventually, into the oceans is more complicated than previously realized. The weathering of till causes changes in both the Nd isotopic composition and Sm/Nd ratios. Both the Sm/Nd ratio and ε_Nd were higher in strongly weathered soils horizons than in less weathered till, since minerals with high Sm/Nd ratios were, on average, more resistant to weathering than those with low Sm/Nd ratios. In contrast to the situation for the main minerals and the major elements, the weathering of rare earth elements (REE) was not restricted to the E-horizon: the measured REE concentrations continued to increase with depth in the C-horizon. In addition, REE released by weathering in the upper parts of the soil profile were partly secondarily retained at deeper levels. Therefore, the dissolved Nd released by weathering in the upper soil horizons was trapped and did not enter the groundwater directly. Rather, the Nd in the groundwater largely originated from weathering within the groundwater zone. However, this was not the only source of Nd in the stream water. The Nd isotope composition and Sm/Nd ratio were determined by the mixing between of Nd and Sm in the groundwater and REE-carrying organic material washed out of the soil profile. The groundwater close to the stream reaches the upper soil horizons during high discharge events such as snowmelts, and organic matter carrying Nd and Sm is washed out of the soils and thus released into the stream. Therefore, the Nd exported from catchment is derived from both the weathering within the groundwater zone, and the organic matter washed out from the soil. If longer timescales with more advanced weathering stages in the groundwater zone are considered, it cannot be ruled out that there will be a shift towards more radiogenic values in the exported Nd. Recorded shifts in the Nd isotopic composition in the ocean may thus not only reflect changed source regions, but also the weathering history of the same source region.     

REE Geochemistry of Loess in Xinjiang ,China

The total rare-earth element values(ΣREE)of loess in the Xinjiang region vary over a range of 128-200 ppm ,with an average of 153ppm .The average REE content of loess lies between the earth‘s crust (155ppm) and sedimentary rocks(151ppm).The Xinjiang loess,with the REE distribu-tion patterns characterized by negative slopes ,is rich in the Ce-family elements, and has a distribu-tion pattern characteristic of sedimentary rocks.The North Xinjiang loess is relatively depleted in Tb,but rich in Yb and Lu.The South Xinjiang loess is relatively rich in light rare-earth elements.This is full proof that the Xinjiang loess comes partly from weathered materials(clay rock,sandstone)in the region studied.The REE distribution patterns in the Xinjiang loess are similar to those in the precipitated dust and Aeolian sand,indicating the same material source.The REE distribution pat-terns in the Xinjiang loess are also similar to those in loess from the middle Yellow River Valley,China and Taskent,the former USSR.This implies that loesses of the three locations(Xinjiang,the mid-dle Yellow River Valley and Taskent) come from a common material source.But the REE patterns in the Xinjiang loess are different from those in wall rocks (volcanic rock,K-bearing volcanic rock).Generally ,LREE/HREE,Eu/Eu* and Ce/Ce* ratios reflect the features of parent materials of loess,indicating that the parent rocks were probably in the early stage of alkaline weathering and the weathered materials existed in an oxidation environment with basic mediums under arid-climatic conditions before transport.As a result,the migration ability of the REE is weak.     

Geochemical Characteristics of Eolian Deposits in the Chengdu Plain of Sichuan Province and the Implications for Provenance

In this study Chengdu Red Earth （CRE） from the Chengdu Plain （CP）,Sichuan province,was analyzed for its elemental （major and trace elements） and isotopic （Sm-Nd） geochemistry and compared with Pleistocene loess and paleosol samples from the Chinese Loess Plateau （CLP） in Northern China.The geochemical composition of CRE is similar to north China loess,and also resembles the average UCC.This indicates that CRE,as loess deposits in Northern China,was derived from well-mixed sedimentary protoliths that have undergone numerous upper crustal recycling processes.However,obvious differences in the geochemical characteristics of CRE and the north China loess are also revealed in our results.For chemically stable elements,CRE has higher Ti,Zr,Hf and lower ΣREE,Ba contents in comparison with loess samples from the CLP.Further analysis shows that CRE has higher TiO2/Al2O3,SiO2/Al2O3,Ba/Rb and lower Ce/Yb,Eu/Yb,LaN/YbN and ΣLREE/ ΣHREE ratios.In Sm-Nd isotopic geochemistry,Sm and Nd content and the εNd（0） value in CRE are significantly higher than those in north China loess.The higher TiO2 content in CRE coincided with a high background concentration of Ti in the Sichuan Basin and the surrounding regions.The lower ΣREE and higher Sm,Nd,εNd（0） values are related to the wide distribution of basalt in the southwest Sichuan Basin.The elemental and isotopic geochemistry of CRE indicates that eolian materials in the CP predominantly come from the Sichuan Basin and the surrounding regions,which differs from loess deposits in the CLP.     

广西某地花岗岩风化壳中稀土元素特征与iREE矿床成矿机制

为了解风化壳中离子交换相稀土元素的特征,对广西某地花岗岩风化壳剖面样品进行了X射线衍射及主量、稀土元素地球化学特征的研究.剖面自上而下可划分为腐殖土层(A₁)、亚粘土层(A₂)、网纹状风化层(B₁)和全风化层(B₂);自A₁至B₂,粘土矿物的含量和化学风化蚀变指数快速降低;与母岩相比A₁、A₂、B₁中全相Ce、Nd和HREE相对富集,B₂中全相稀土与母岩特征相似,所有样品的离子交换相HREE亏损,Y相对富集;离子交换相轻、重稀土一起富集在B₂中.据此推测,花岗岩中褐帘石、榍石等易风化的稀土矿物为离子交换相稀土提供了主要的物源,锆石、磷钇矿等难风化的稀土矿物的残留及表生稀土矿物的形成使全相HREE相对富集;离子交换相轻、重稀土元素的分馏程度随风化程度的增加而变化.      

陇东新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土地球化学特征及其物源和风化指示意义

甘肃省平凉市灵台县邵寨镇剖面风尘堆积底界年龄大约为5.23 Ma B.P.,通过对该剖面新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土-古土壤序列的常量元素、 微量元素、Nd同位素的测试,分析其在物源和风化方面的指示意义,发现新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土具有相似的常量、 微量元素UCC标准化曲线和稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线,指示二者皆来自广阔的...     

Negative Ce Anomaly in the Indian Banded Iron Formations: Evidence for the Emergence of Oxygenated Deep-Sea at 2.9-2.7 Ga

Abstract: Major and rare earth element contents are reported for Late Archean banded iron formations (BIFs) in the Bababudan Group of the Dharwar Craton, South India. The BIFs are mostly composed of SiO₂ (average1ρ = 54.88.1 wt%) and Fe₂O₃* (44.38.2 wt%). The Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ contents are remarkably low, suggesting that detrital components were starved during the BIF deposition. The BIFs have a LREE-enriched pattern with a relatively high (La/Yb)_N (6.644.07). Total REE concentrations (RE) vary from 5.2 to 65.3 ppm. The REE patterns are characterized by the presence of a very large negative Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*: 0.13-0.83) and a positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*: 0.96-2.45). The Eu/Eu* decreases and (La/Yb)_N increases with a increase of RE. These correlations of REE indices are similar to those of modern hydrothermal iron-rich sediments near a mid-ocean ridge (MOR). Greenstones associated with the BIFs have MORB-like geochemical features. These geochemical and geological lines of evidence indicate that the depositional site of the BIFs was remote from a continent and/or island arc and that the BIFs were in situ hydrothermal sediments near a MOR. A striking negative Ce anomaly in the BIFs indicates that oxygenated deep-sea environments emerged at 2.9-2.7 Ga. The existence of contemporaneous Mn deposits in the Dharwar Craton supports this assertion. Our scenario of oxygen in the Earth's surface of the Late Archean is different from long-held notion that the atmosphere and ocean were persistently anoxic throughout the Archean.     

REE geochemistry of the recent playa sediments from the Thar Desert, India: An implication to playa sediment provenance

The playas (saline lakes) situated in the Thar Desert, north-west India, provide prominent examples of alkaline brine and varying assemblages of detrital and evaporite mineralogy. The eastern margin of the desert is relatively semi-arid, whereas the central to western region is arid to hyper-arid in nature. Rare earth elements (REEs) systematics in the sediments of nine different playas of the Thar Desert were studied to understand the provenance of the sediments and the intensity of chemical weathering in the region. Based on the REE patterns, fractionation of light REE (LREE) (La/Sm)_N and heavy REE (HREE) (Gd/Yb)_N, and Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*), the upper continental crust normalised playa sediments are divided into two different groups. The eastern margin playa sediments show homogeneous REE contents, relatively positive Eu anomaly and depleted HREE values, whereas the western arid core playa sediments have highly variable REE contents, relatively negative Eu anomaly and similarly fractioned LREE and HREE patterns. The dissimilarity in the degree of HREE fractionations both in the eastern and western playa sediments is attributed to the differential distribution of minerals, depending upon their resistance to chemical weathering. It is believed that the relatively higher abundance of REE bearing heavy minerals and the presence of higher amounts of evaporites influence the large variation of REE distribution and enriched HREE in the western playa sediments. Apart from the relatively higher abundance of heavy minerals, the presence of rock fragments of variable petrographic character and roundness mirror the lower rock–water interaction in the arid western region. The presence of well-rounded metamorphic rock fragments and minerals, sourced from the eastern margin Aravalli mountains, indicates that the playas of the entire desert get the detrital and dissolved material mainly from the Aravalli mountains. Additionally, the western playas receive sediments from their surrounding Proterozoic and Mesozoic formations. This interpretation is supported by the presence of angular rock fragments of basalt, rhyolite and limestone in the western playas.     

华北克拉通南缘大庄铌-稀土矿床碱性岩中榍石的地球化学、U-Pb年龄和Nd同位素特征

位于华北克拉通南缘河南省方城县的大庄铌-稀土矿是近年来新发现的一例具有中型规模的铌-稀土矿床.该矿床赋存于新元古代双山碱性侵入岩中,黑云母正长岩和角闪霞石正长岩是铌-稀土矿的主要赋矿岩石.通过电子探针与LA-ICP-MS等方法对大庄铌-稀土矿碱性岩中的榍石开展了主量、微量元素、U-Pb年代学和微区Nd同位素研究.大庄铌...     

中条山地区涑水杂岩新太古代烟庄正长花岗岩年龄及成因:对华北克拉通地壳演化的制约

太古宙末期钾质花岗岩的广泛发育是陆壳成熟和稳定化的重要标志,对了解早期陆壳的形成与演化具有重要的意义.发育于华北克拉通南缘中条山地区涑水杂岩中的烟庄正长花岗岩的形成年龄和成因还没有被很好地限定,构造背景还存在争议.对烟庄花岗岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素以及全岩地球化学和Nd同位素研究.烟庄花岗岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为2 515±7 Ma.岩石具有高硅(SiO₂=73.05%~74.85%)、高钾(K₂O=4.46%~5.86%)、富碱(ALK=8.32%~9.36%)、贫钙(CaO=0.55%~0.98%)、低TFeO*(0.73%~1.28%)和MgO(0.31%~0.52%)的特征,A/CNK=1.01~1.04,为弱过铝质的钾玄系列.稀土总量变化较大(ΣREE=63.80×10-6~250.02×10-6)),轻重稀土元素分异明显((La/Yb)_N=25.44~92.87),Eu异常变化较大(Eu/Eu*=0.47~0.79).岩石低Sr、Ba,富集Rb、Th、U等元素,亏损Nb、Zr、Y、Yb、Cr、Co、Ni等元素,具有较高的Rb/Sr、Rb/Ba和Sr/Yb比值以及较低Sm/Nd和Nd/Th比值,具有高分异I型花岗岩的特征.烟庄花岗岩具有0附近的全岩ε_Nd(t)值,岩浆锆石具有正的ε_Hf(t)值(2.85~3.66),两阶段Hf模式年龄为2 258~2 883 Ma,多数在2 600~2 883 Ma之间.结合其他方面研究,烟庄花岗岩具有同碰撞和后碰撞花岗岩的特征,推测为新生地壳在由挤压向伸展转换的构造背景下部分熔融所形成,可能有少量地幔物质添加.这期钾质花岗岩的形成,标志着华北克拉通太古宙末期强烈岩浆活动的结束以及稳定陆壳的形成.