华南诸广山花岗岩体中段锶氧铅硫同位素研究

诸广山中段花岗岩体的Rb-Sr同位素等时线年龄为215.23Ma,属印支期。锶同位素初始比值为0.7229,Rb/Sr比值为1.09～15.6,初始~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb(18.216～19.042)和~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb(15.605～15.801)较高。全岩δ~(18)O为10.6‰～12.4‰,δ~(18)O-~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr相关趋势呈水平方向展布。硫同位素绝大部分在零值左右摆动,从早到晚变化范围逐渐变小。这些表明岩体是源于上地壳的改造型花岗岩,并经过了岩浆阶段,且在早期岩浆岩基础上又经过了多次重熔演化。     

湘中龙山Au- Sb矿床成矿物质来源——来自S、Pb和Sr同位素证据

龙山Au-Sb矿床是湘中Au、Sb矿集区的代表性矿床,本文对其不同类型矿石、矿区围岩和区域地层进行了S、Pb、Sr同位素组成对比研究。矿石中硫化物的δ~(34)S值为-3.0‰～5.1‰,平均值2.3‰;矿区围岩的δ~(34)S值为4.0‰～5.9‰,平均值5.2‰;区域地层的δ~(34)S值为9.3‰～13.3‰,平均值11.3‰。矿石与矿区围岩、区域地层的硫同位素组成差别较大,矿石硫具岩浆来源特征。矿石中硫化物的~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为16.992～18.457、15.392～15.722和37.586～38.960,矿区围岩的~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为17.630～17.993、15.522～15.644和37.981～38.366;区域地层的~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb和~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为17.566～18.092、15.430～15.630和37.988～38.710。矿石铅同位素组成变化较大,矿石铅的来源较复杂,赋矿地层、印支期岩浆岩和上地幔可能都为其提供了部分铅。石英流体包裹体的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i比值为0.71540～0.72309,矿区围岩的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i比值为0.71844～0.72153,区域地层的(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i比值为0.71792～0.71939,矿石、矿区围岩、区域地层的初始锶同位素值均较高,主要为壳源锶,部分锶来自赋矿地层,部分来自印支期岩浆岩。龙山矿床成矿物质具壳幔混合来源特征,矿化剂硫主要来源于岩浆,成矿物质部分来自江口组地层,部分来自印支期岩浆岩。     

胶东蓬莱金成矿区的S-Pb同位素地球化学和Rb-Sr同位素年代学研究

蓬莱金矿区位于胶东三大金矿带中的栖霞-蓬莱金矿带内。本文系统研究了该金矿化集中区内的黑岚沟、大柳行和河西金矿的 S、Pb、Rb-Sr 同位素地球化学特征,并与招远-掖县成矿带中的玲珑金矿化集中区内的大型-超大型金矿床进行了对比研究。蓬莱金矿区δ~(34)S 值总体变化为6.3‰～9.5‰,平均值为7.5‰。其中河西金矿δ~(34)S 值为7.4‰～8.5‰,黑岚沟金矿δ~(34)S 值为6.3‰～9.5‰,大柳行金矿δ~(34)S 值为6.4‰～8.2‰。不同矿床的硫同位素组成差异十分小,并与玲珑金矿区的硫同位素组成相近(δ~(34)S=6.4‰～8.6‰,平均值为7.6‰)。蓬莱金矿区的铅同位素组成变化小,其中河西金矿~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb 为17.3086～17.4799,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb 为15.5264～15.5543,~(208)pb/~(204)Pb 为38.0642～38.3698;大柳行金矿~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb 为17.3653～ 17.5037.~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb 为15.5142～15.5355,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb 为38.1249～38.31 36:黑岚沟金矿~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb 为17.3558～17.5958,~(207)Ph/~(204)Pb 为15.5105～15.5746,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为38.0749～38.4361。投影到 Zartman and Doe(1981)铅构造模式图上,成分点落在造山带演化线附近。蓬莱金矿区与玲珑金矿区的铅同位素组成基本一致,部分数据与矿区内煌斑岩的铅同位素组成相近,而与赋矿围岩郭家岭花岗岩相差甚远,表明矿体中的铅可能与煌癍岩有相同的源区。矿石铅呈线性趋势分布,它正好位于煌斑岩与一个极具放射成因铅的胶东群地层的铅同位素组成之间,很可能说明矿石铅是壳幔混合的产物。对蓬莱金矿区黄铁矿的 Rb-Sr 同位素分析结果表明,河西金矿的成矿年龄为122.3±3.1Ma(MSWD=1.7),初始~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr 比值为0.71208;黑岚沟和大柳行金矿的成矿年龄为117.8±6.5Ma(MSWD=17),初始~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr 比值为0.71085。说明蓬莱金矿区具有与玲珑金矿区相近的成矿时代,两者均为120Ma 左右。锶同位素初始比值也说明成矿物质具有壳慢混合的特征。从蓬莱金矿区具有与玲珑金矿区一致的地质、地球化学和年代学特征可知,蓬莱金矿区具有产出大型一超大型金矿的巨大远景。     

藏南柯月铅锌矿床成矿物质来源:来自硫、铅同位素的证据

藏南柯月铅锌矿床位于特提斯喜马拉雅构造域Sb-Au-Pb-Zn成矿带东段,矿体主要呈透镜状或脉状,严格受北东向断裂构造所控制,赋矿地层为下侏罗统日当组含碳钙质板岩。矿石硫化物硫同位素δ~(34)S介于9.2‰~11.2‰之间,平均值为9.85‰,与区内日当组地层的δ~(34)S值变化范围相似,表明成矿流体中的硫主要来源于容矿地层。矿石硫化物铅同位素组成为:~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为19.669~19.813,平均值19.740;~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.823~15.979,平均值15.902;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为40.104~40.687,平均值40.410。其结果显示,矿石中的铅具有高放射性成因铅的特征,与喜马拉雅结晶基底的铅同位素组成具有相似的比值,表明矿石铅主要来源于喜马拉雅结晶基底。     

滇西北雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿S,Pb同位素组成及对成矿物质来源的示踪

雪鸡坪斑岩铜矿位于西南三江构造火成岩带义敦岛弧带,其成矿斑岩为印支期石英闪长玢岩和石英二长斑岩。研究对该矿区安山岩、矿化斑岩和矿石矿物系统进行S,Pb同位素分析结果表明:金属硫化物的δ34S值为-3.1‰～ 0.7‰,平均值为-1.1‰,与矿化斑岩的硫同位素组成(-1.4‰和-1.5‰)一致,均落入幔源硫范围,表明硫主要来自岩浆;δ34S黄铁矿(-1.8‰～ 0.7‰,平均-0.5‰)>δ34S黄铜矿(-2.2‰～0.0‰,平均-1.2‰)>δ34S方铅矿(-3.1‰～-1.3‰,平均-2.4‰),硫同位素分馏基本达到平衡。矿石矿物(208Pb/204Pb=37.917～38.230,平均值38.075;207Pb/204Pb=15.528～15.614,平均值15.571;206Pb/204Pb=17.929～18.082,平均值17.981)与矿化斑岩(208Pb/204Pb=37.832、37.883,207Pb/204Pb=15.529、15.538,206Pb/204Pb=17.906、17.910)以及安山岩(208Pb/204Pb=37.816～37.884,207Pb/204Pb=15.549～15.562,206Pb/204Pb=17.845～17.919)的初始铅组成基本一致,变化范围较小,表明三者具有相同的来源;在铅构造模式图上,所有样品铅同位素均位于造山带演化线上或附近,在铅同位素源区判别图中,均落入造山带和下地壳区域,这表明Pb主要来源于壳幔混合。雪鸡坪铜矿S,Pb同位素组成共同指示成矿物质主要来自于深部岩浆,这种岩浆可能主要起源于俯冲洋壳板片的部分熔融并受到少量地壳物质的混染。     

龙首山中段芨岭花岗岩体Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征及意义

龙首山中段芨岭早古生代花岗岩体与碱交代型铀矿化关系密切,是龙首山花岗质岩浆活动带重要组成部分,但人们对芨岭岩体的成因、岩浆源区性质以及与铀成矿之间的关系还了解得不多.花岗岩体Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究结果表明,不同期次花岗岩(早古生代第一次灰白色二长花岗岩、第二次肉红色二长花岗岩、晚古生代肉红色细粒(钾长)花岗岩)的(87Sr/86Sr)_i值均介于大陆地壳范围内(0.706~0.718),同时有(87Sr/86Sr)_i均值先升后降(0.707 12→0.710 00→0.707 89)、ε_Nd(t)均值先降后增(-7.00→-8.09→-4.65) 的特征.不同期次花岗岩体t_DM2均值分别为1 735.50 Ma、1 814.66 Ma、1 737.50 Ma,接近残留地壳年龄,表明岩体的主要物质来源为古元古代龙首山群地层,并有部分幔源组分或年轻地壳物质的加入.岩体的Pb同位素比值较高,灰白色二长花岗岩的206Pb/204Pb=18.328~19.240,207Pb/204Pb=15.549~15.619,208Pb/204Pb=38.390~39.075,μ=9.37~9.43(平均为9.40);肉红色二长花岗岩的206Pb/204Pb=30.209~43.529,207Pb/204Pb=16.097~25.076,208Pb/204Pb=39.107~39.420,μ=18.47~30.24(平均为24.355);肉红色细粒(钾长)花岗岩的206Pb/204Pb=19.071~19.767,207Pb/204Pb=15.577~25.438,208Pb/204Pb=38.682~42.593,μ=9.36~9.49(平均为9.41),显示为高放射性成因铅同位素特征,表明岩体的铅为混合来源但以壳源为主.Sr-Nd-Pb同位素对比研究表明,钠交代岩(矿石)的(87Sr/86Sr)_i、ε_Nd(t)与早古生代第二次侵入的肉红色斑状二长花岗岩极为相似,在(87Sr/86Sr)_i-ε_Nd(t)图解投影点也吻合,表明研究区碱交代型铀成矿主要与早古生代第二次侵入有关.其他期次花岗岩体同样具有高铀背景值,表明其可能也提供了一定的铀源.      

湘东北七宝山铜多金属矿床成矿时代及成矿物质来源——石英脉Rb-Sr定年和S-Pb同位素组成

湘东北七宝山铜多金属矿床位于钦杭成矿带西段,是湘东北规模最大的铜多金属矿床。对七宝山矿床含矿石英脉中的石英矿物进行Rb-Sr同位素年龄测定,获得的Rb-Sr等时线年龄为153.4±2.0Ma(MSWD=1.8),~(87)Sr~(86)Sr初始值为0.71849±0.00026,与区内石英斑岩形成年龄(153~155Ma)相同,说明七宝山铜多金属矿床成因与石英斑岩体密不可分,成岩成矿年龄均在燕山期。为分析七宝山矿床成矿物质来源,对矿区内的黄铁矿进行了S、Pb同位素分析,矿石δ~(34)S为3.24‰~4.84‰,平均值为4.198‰;岩体δ~(34)S为2.22‰~3.86‰,平均值为2.805‰。δ~(34)S值总体变化较小,岩体δ~(34)S值较矿石小,更趋近于0值,说明岩体中硫极可能源于地幔;而矿床中硫来源于主体地幔硫和少量地壳硫混熔的混合硫源。Pb同位素变化范围也较小,矿石206Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为18.315~18.396,平均值为18.359;~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为15.629~15.737,平均值为15.675;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb值变化范围为38.376~38.856,平均值为38.609。矿化岩体数值与之相似,结果显示,七宝山铜多金属矿床的Pb同位素组成具有下地壳富钍(铅)贫铀(铅)的特点。据此提出,矿床的成矿物质主要来自与含矿斑岩体有联系的深部岩浆分异演化而析出的含矿气-液流体。含矿斑岩体定位-结晶时,通过对周围受热地下水的对流循环作用,可以从围岩中萃取少量成矿物质加入成矿作用。     

大兴安岭南段白音查干Sn多金属矿床成因：矿床地质特征及Sr-Nd、S、Pb同位素证据

白音查干矿床是大兴安岭南段新发现的一处大型Sn多金属矿床。为查明该矿床Sn成矿作用与Ag-Pb-Zn成矿作用的关系,本文开展了矿床地质、萤石和石英斑岩Sr-Nd同位素、硫化物S-Pb同位素和原位S同位素地球化学特征研究。SrNd同位素分析结果显示,所有萤石样品均具有相近的(~(87)Sr/~(86) Sr)_i、(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i和ε_(Nd)(t)值范围,而且与石英斑岩的Sr-Nd同位素组成基本一致,说明矿床各成矿阶段的萤石具有相同的成因,与石英斑岩岩浆作用关系密切。单矿物和原位S同位素数据显示,Ⅰ区Ag-Pb-Zn矿石中的硫化物δ~(34)S值范围(-13.9‰～-4.8‰)与Ⅲ Sn矿石硫化物的δ~(34)S值范围(-12.5‰～-5.3‰)基本一致;而且,Ⅰ区闪锌矿原位δ~(34)S值变化范围较小且较为均一(-12.4‰～-7.3‰,平均为-9.2‰),与石英斑岩"Zn-F-B集合体"中闪锌矿原位δ~(34)S值变化范围(-10.6‰～-9.0‰,平均为-9.7‰)基本一致,说明S可能主要来源于石英斑岩岩浆。Pb同位素特征显示,Ⅰ区Ag-Pb-Zn矿石中的硫化物Pb同位素组成(~(206) Pb/~(204) Pb=18.177～18.200、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.519～15.531、~(208) Pb/~(204)Pb=37.985～38.053)与石英斑岩Pb同位素组成(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.206～18.235、~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.529～15.530、~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=38.025～38.036)基本一致,说明Ag-Pb-Zn成矿作用的Pb可能主要来源于石英斑岩岩浆。结合矿床地质特征、Sr-Nd、S、Pb同位素数据可知,白音查干矿床Sn成矿作用与Ag-Pb-Zn成矿作用具有密切的成因联系,矿床成矿流体和成矿物质可能主要来源于石英斑岩岩浆。     

东昆仑那更康切尔银矿床S-Pb-C-O同位素地球化学特征

那更康切尔银矿床位于东昆仑成矿带中部,紧邻昆中构造带。矿体主要以脉状产出于古元古代金水口群片麻岩以及晚古生代花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩中。本文在矿床地质特征研究基础上,采集12件样品对其硫化物(黄铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿)和方解石分别开展了S-Pb和C-O同位素研究。结果表明,矿床硫同位素组成稳定,δ~(34)S主要集中于-3.4‰~0.6‰之间,主要来源于岩浆作用;硫化物~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于18.28~18.62,平均值为18.37,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于15.60~15.73,平均值为15.65,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb值介于38.38~39.10,平均值为38.63,铅同位素组成稳定,矿石铅主要来源于地壳;方解石δ~(13)C值介于-6.0‰~-2.8‰,平均值为-4.25‰,δ~(18)O值介于6.1‰~20.5‰,平均值为12.49‰,表明C可能主要由岩浆作用提供。综合矿床地质特征和区域成矿背景认为该矿床应属于岩浆期后热液矿床,受构造和岩浆作用的双重控制。     

闽西南大排铁铅锌多金属矿床O、S、Pb同位素组成及其成因意义

对闽西南大排铁铅锌多金属矿床地质特征调查的基础上,分别开展了矿石中主要矿物磁铁矿、石榴子石的O同位素及黄铁矿、闪锌矿和方铅矿的S、Pb同位素测试。结果表明,石榴子石中δ18O值变化范围为3.4‰~6‰,反映了石榴子石矽卡岩可能继承隐伏花岗岩体的O同位素组成;根据磁铁矿的O同位素组成(2.2~4.3‰)所计算的磁铁矿阶段成矿流体的δ18O为9.23‰~11.34‰(500℃)或8.58‰~10.69‰(600℃),暗示有富集δ18O的CO2融入到成矿流体中;矿石硫化物δ34S组成变化范围较窄,变化范围为-2.6‰~1.5‰,多数集中在0值分布,具有岩浆硫(0±3‰)的特点;硫化物的Pb同位素组成206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb、208Pb/204Pb的数值分别为18.486~18.537、15.665~15.712、38.823~38.979,变化范围小,整体上具有壳幔混合且以壳源物质为主的特点。结合对闽西南马坑式铁多金属矿床及闽西南花岗岩年代学讨论认为,大排铁铅锌多金属矿床的形成主要与晚中生代花岗岩浆侵入接触交代作用有关。上述认识对于进一步明确闽西南地区铁多金属矿找矿方向具有重要的理论意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)