东海陆架盆地丽水凹陷古新统明月峰组层序地层学模式

丽水凹陷古新统明月峰组充填了一套滨浅海-三角洲砂泥质沉积,是重要的含油气层段.综合分析钻井、测井、地震及古生物资料,应用层序地层学理论,识别出明月峰组三级层序顶底界面、初次海泛面及最大海泛面,以海泛面为界划分低位、水进和高位体系域.根据明月峰组地质结构和地层发育的构造背景,建立了明月峰组层序地层模式,结果表明:明月峰组沉积时期受同沉积断层的控制,丽水凹陷呈现东部陡坡带、中部洼陷带、西部缓坡带的半地堑式构造格架样式.     

东海陆架盆地丽水西凹古新统砂岩储层成岩作用及成岩演化

东海陆架盆地丽水西凹古新统发育多种类型储层,通过4口典型井的岩心薄片鉴定、物性测试、碳氧同位素测试等手段,对丽水西凹古新统砂岩储层成岩作用、成岩演化和孔隙演化进行了研究。结果表明：（1）丽水西凹古新统砂岩储层以浅海-三角洲相中细粒岩屑砂岩为主,成分成熟度与结构成熟度较低,矿物组成以岩屑为主,石英、长石次之;（2）砂岩经历了机械压实、碳酸盐岩与黏土矿物胶结、长石溶蚀等成岩作用,灵峰组下段砂岩储层碳酸盐胶结物形成于淡水成岩环境,明月峰组及灵峰组上段砂岩储层碳酸盐胶结物形成于混合水成岩环境,恢复的成岩温度介于76~141℃之间;（3）古新统明月峰组下段及灵峰组上段砂岩处于早成岩B期,灵峰组下段及月桂峰组砂岩处于中成岩A期;（4）砂岩储层经历了压实减孔（－18.3%）、早期胶结减孔（－3.9%）、溶蚀增孔（＋4.8%）、晚期胶结减孔（－6.7%）的孔隙演化过程,各套砂岩储层经历了差异化的成岩演化过程,分别发育以机械压实作用、碳酸盐岩与黏土矿物胶结作用、不稳定碎屑溶蚀作用为主要特征的成岩演化类型。明月峰组下段及灵峰组上段砂岩发育优质储层,灵峰组下段和月桂峰组砂岩以更具勘探难度的非常规致密砂岩储层为主,研究成果对深入认识丽水西凹古新统砂岩储层,指导油气勘探具有重要意义。

     

龙川江盆地上第三系芒棒组沉积体系与层序地层分析

龙川江盆地是造山带内部发育的新生代小型山间断陷盆地。本文结合该盆地晚新世构造、火山活动与沉积作用，对盆地盖层芒棒组沉积体系与层序地层进行了分析。通过分析，建立了龙川江盆地晚新世沉积模式，认为晚新世早期断陷带内快速堆积，主要以发育冲积扇沉积体系为特征，中、晚期冲积扇快速人湖，由此而形成冲积扇一扇三角洲一湖泊沉积体系组合；提出了龙川江盆地芒棒组层序的形成受多期构造活动控制的观点，并建立了3个构造层序，划分了体系域。     

东海陆架盆地丽水凹陷古新统层序地层的划分及控制因素

依据层序界面及湖/海泛面的钻井、测井、古生物和地震特征,将丽水凹陷古新统划分为4个三级层序,分别对应于湖相沉积月桂峰组(SQⅢ1)和海相沉积下灵峰组(SQⅢ2)、上灵峰组(SQⅢ3)、明月峰组(SQⅢ4)。通过层序的综合分析对比,认为古新统层序发育的主控因素是构造沉降和构造格架、海平面变化及沉积物源补给,它们对本区的沉积充填样式具有较强的影响,而气候条件的影响表现较弱。     

海拉尔盆地乌南次凹南屯组层序格架及沉积体系研究

以层序地层学、坡折带分析理论为指导,通过对岩心、测井、录井、地震以及分析化验等资料的综合研究,建立了海拉尔盆地乌南次凹南屯组层序地层格架。将南屯组划分为 2 个三级层序和 8 个四级层序,并在层序格架内进行沉积体系和沉积相划分研究,确定该区主要发育近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、湖底扇和湖泊沉积等 4 种沉积体系。近岸水下扇主要分布在乌南次凹西部陡坡带,扇三角洲分布在东部缓坡带,湖底扇主要分布在中心的深湖相中,而湖泊沉积主要分布在凹陷的中心及近岸水下扇、扇三角洲的侧翼。从乌南次凹西部断阶带到凹陷中心,沉积相由近岸水下扇逐渐变为深湖--半深湖沉积,乌南次凹东部缓坡带到中心,沉积相由扇三角洲沉积逐渐变为滨浅湖、深湖--半深湖沉积,整体呈南北分异、东西成带的格局。不同时期的沉积特征、沉积相展布表现各异,总体表现出水体由浅变深,再变浅,沉积范围逐渐扩大的特点。     

辽中凹陷古近系东营组高精度层序地层及沉积体系分析

以地震资料、测井、录井资料为主,结合孢粉化石等地质资料,将辽中凹陷东营组地层划分为3个三级层序,并划分了沉积体系域,根据易于识别和追踪的水退浊积扇底界面划分四级层序,将东营组划分为7个四级层序.通过岩心观察及对测井、地震特征的对比,在层序内部识别出浊积扇、近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、曲流河三角洲、滨浅湖一滩坝等...     

焉耆盆地中生界层序地层和沉积体系分析

利用层序地层学原理和方法，建立了焉耆盆地中生界层序地层格架，将其划分为4个层序，继而分析了各个层序的地层特征、层序演化及各个体系域的沉积体系展布。研究表明，焉耆盆地中生代存在南北两大物源体系，盆地总体上以河流－湖泊沼泽相的浅水沉积为主，湖泊水体深度不大且分布范围有限；层序Ⅲ的水进体系域是湖盆发育的鼎盛时期，构成了本区良好的盖层；通过层序构成分析，探讨了隐蔽圈闭发育的有利层位及区带。     

南堡凹陷东营组层序地层格架与沉积体系

通过对地震、岩心、钻、测井资料综合分析,将东营组划分为1个二级层序、3个三级层序。并根据初次湖泛面和最大湖泛面特征将每个层序进一步划分为低位域、湖侵域和高位域等三个体系域。层序格架和展布受凹陷结构和断裂活动影响,高柳断层以北地区东营组沉积厚度薄,且后期剥蚀严重。南部滩海地区的各层序完整,厚度相对稳定。在层序格架内分析了南堡凹陷东营组的沉积体系,东北部陡坡带以发育水下扇、扇三角洲为主,西北部和南部缓坡带发育三角洲、扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲。层序界面、准层序（组）叠加样式以及沉积体系空间展布均受到构造活动的控制,强构造活动期形成退积式叠加模式,而弱构造活动期对应进积式叠加模式。对层序发育和油气成藏条件分析认为层序1低位域的扇三角洲砂体和层序2中的浊积砂体为寻找岩性油气藏的有利部位。     

轴向重力流沉积:一种重要的深水储层——以东海盆地丽水凹陷明月峰组为例

东海盆地丽水凹陷中部丽水36-1含气构造的主要含气层段为明月峰组三级层序的低水位体系域砂体.对该区沉积背景、岩芯、沉积构造、粒度、测井、地震等资料的分析结果表明,该低水位体系域砂体为轴向重力流沉积,可划分出水道和漫溢2个亚相以及水道轴、水道砂坝、近漫溢、远漫溢4个微相,岩芯中可识别出7种岩相类型,丽水凹陷轴向重力流水道顺北东向展布的断槽呈带状展布.在沉积特征分析的基础上,分析了丽水凹陷轴向重力流水道的成因及其油气成藏特征,认为轴向重力流水道是该区一类重要的储集体,具有良好的成藏条件,丽水凹陷沿灵峰大断裂还应该有类似的储集体发育.     

伊朗Kashan地区库姆盆地层序地层及沉积体系分布

中伊朗库姆盆地 Kashan(卡山)地区是中国石化海外重要的勘探区块,并首钻ARN-1井成功。该区是始新世中期—中新世中期形成的一个弧后边缘海盆地,其库姆组以浅海相的碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩沉积为主。依据野外露头、钻井、测井、地震等资料建立了库姆组层序地层格架,划分为2个二级层序（SS1和SS2）和5个三级层序即S1—S5。并通过层序地层的划分对比分析了该区各层序的沉积体系的演化及展布特征,主要为三次海侵形成三期沉积体系：即S1层序为初次海侵期（A,B段,C1亚段）,S2层序为沉降充填期（C2,C3,C4亚段）,S3—S5再次海侵期（D—E段）。最后探讨了油气勘探意义。     

东海西湖凹陷始新统平湖组沉积层序特征及控相机制讨论

西湖凹陷平湖组(E_2~(2-3)系海陆过渡相沉积。海平面升降变化控制了不同成因类型砂体的空间展布。在钻井剖面上,可识别多种沉积层序。作者从岩心、测井、古生物诸方面分析了各种沉积层序的形成过程,揭示了海平面升降对沉积过程的控制作用。     

Geochemistry of the Paleocene Clastic Rocks in Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin: Implications for Tectonic Background and Provenance

The Lishui Sag, in the East China Sea Shelf Basin, is rich in hydrocarbons, with the major hydrocarbon-bearing layers being the Paleocene Mingyuefeng clastic rocks. Analysis of the implicit geologic background information of these Paleocene clastic rocks using petrological and geochemical methods has significant practical importance. These Paleocene sandstones are mainly lithic arenite, lithic arkose and greywacke, composed of K-feldspar, plagioclase, authigenic clays, silica and carbonates. As continental deposits, Yueguifeng clastic rocks have high aluminosilicate and mafic detritus contents, while the Lingfeng and Mingyuefeng Formations are rich in silica due to an oscillating coastal marine depositional environment. The major element contents of these Paleocene sandstones are low and have a concentrated distribution, indicating that the geochemical composition is non-epigenetic, transformed by sedimentary processes and diagenesis. The Yueguifeng detritus comprises recycled sediments, controlled by moderate weathering and erosion, while the Lingfeng and Mingyuefeng detritus is interpreted as primarily first-cycle materials due to low chemical weathering. In the Late Cretaceous to Early Paleocene, the Pacific Plate began subducting under the Eurasian Plate, causing an orogeny by plate collision and magma eruption due to the melting of subducted oceanic crust. This resulted in the dual tectonic settings of “active margin” and “continental island arc” in the East China Sea Shelf Basin. During the Late Paleocene, the Pacific Plate margin migrated eastward along with development of the Philippine Ocean Plate, and the tectonic setting of the Lishui Sag gradually turned into a passive continental margin. Detrital sources included both orogenic continental blocks and continental island arcs, and the parent rocks are primarily felsic volcanic rocks and granites.     

丽水凹陷远岸水下扇体识别及特征分析

在丽水凹陷西次凹西部斜坡带发育多条坡折断层,它们控制了古新统明月峰组下段远岸水下扇体的发育。钻井揭示该区水下扇体具有沉积厚度大、物性好、含油气性活跃的特征。储层特征描述、分布范围预测对寻找本区岩性油气藏具有重要意义。本文通过对明月峰组沉积初期古地貌恢复,总结了坡折断层对扇体发育的影响作用。坡折断层上升盘发育孤立型和复合型水道;坡折断层下降盘发育扇体主体,扇中水道微相为优势相带,岩性以灰色细砂岩为主,存在反映垮塌变形的泄水、泥质火焰等沉积构造,测井相表现为低伽马、高自然电位异常,地震相为强振幅、低频、断续反射。同时,利用地震沉积学技术完成了本区3期次扇体分布范围识别,说明自早期到晚期扇体具有从北往南逐渐迁移的特征。     

东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带沙三段沉积体系及储层发育规律

为了提高东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带隐蔽油气藏的勘探精度,以层序地层学理论和瓦尔特相律为指导,通过钻井岩芯、测井和地震的三元分析法,综合构造-地层分析,在东濮凹陷濮卫环洼带沙三段共识别出湖底扇、滨浅湖砂坝-风暴、低位盐湖、三角洲、深湖-半深湖等五种沉积体系,分析了主要储层发育期沉积体系的时空展布特征,探讨了层序地层体制下沙三段的沉积体系发育模式及储层发育规律,指出环洼带东部及北部水下河道与坡折带的交汇处是储层的主要发育地带,其沉积体系主要为湖底扇、三角洲沉积体系.     

Diagenesis and Diagenetic Evolution of Deltaic and Neritic Gas-Bearing Sandstones in the Lower Mingyuefeng Formation of Paleogene, Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin: Implications for Depositional Environments and Sequence Stratigraphy Controls

Gas-bearing deposits in the Lower Mingyuefeng Formation of Paleogene, Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin consist of shoreface sandstones of the highstand systems tract (HST) and transgressive systems tract (TST), and deltaic sandstones of the lowstand systems tract (LST) and falling stage systems tract (FSST). Detailed petrographic observations suggest that the diagenetic features and related evolution of these deposits cannot be simply characterized and demonstrated in the depth domain. However, the occurrence of diagenetic minerals systematically depends on the studied interval within the HST, TST, LST, and FSST; therefore, diagenesis in this region can be better constrained when studied in the context of the depositional environments and sequence stratigraphic framework. The eogenetic processes in such settings include: (1) microcrystalline siderite precipitated as concretions in almost all environments and systems tracts, which inhibited further mechanical compaction; (2) grain dissolution and kaolinitization occurred in shoreface HST sandstones and deltaic LST and FSST sandstones; (3) glaucony was locally observed, which did not clearly reflect the controls of facies or sequence stratigraphy; and (4) cementation by pyrite aggregates occurred in the shoreface HST sandstones and deltaic LST sandstones. The mesogenetic diagenesis includes: (1) partial conversion of kaolinite into dickite in deltaic LST sandstones, and minor chlorite cementation in deltaic FSST sandstones; (2) transformation of kaolinite into illite and quartz cementation in deltaic LST and FSST sandstones; (3) frequent precipitation of ankerite and ferroan calcite in shoreface TST sandstones and early HST sandstones, forming baffles and barriers for fluid flow, with common calcite in shoreface HST sandstones as a late diagenetic cement; and (4) formation of dawsonite in the deltaic LST and FSST sandstones, which is interpreted to be a product of the invasion of a CO2-rich fluid, and acts as a good indicator of CO2-bearing reservoirs. This study has thus constructed a reliable conceptual model to describe the spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations. The results may provide an entirely new conceptual framework and methodology for successful gas exploration in the continental margins of offshore China, thus allowing us to predict and unravel the distribution and quality evolution of clastic reservoirs at a more detailed and reliable scale.     

南堡凹陷北部东营组同沉积断裂对沉积体系及岩性圈闭的控制作用

同沉积断裂对断陷湖盆层序格架内沉积体系类型及发育分布具有重要的控制作用,也影响了岩性圈闭的发育,已成为当前石油地质领域研究的热点。以层序地层学理论为指导,综合南堡凹陷地震、测井、岩心等资料进行分析,研究认为其北部老爷庙、杜林和高南地区东营组为一个完整的二级层序,内部可划分为4个三级层序。受边界同沉积陡断裂、古地貌、物源供给及凹陷内同沉积断裂等因素影响,主要发育3种沉积体系组合样式及其相应的岩性圈闭类型：在西南庄边界断裂控制下,受物源供给和古地貌影响,老爷庙地区发育单断陡坡扇三角洲-湖底扇型,控制了砂岩透镜体圈闭的发育;杜林地区发育单断陡坡近岸水下扇-浊积扇型,此类型内岩性上倾尖灭圈闭发育;受柏各庄边界断裂和高柳同沉积断裂控制,高南地区发育多断阶扇三角洲前缘加厚型,易形成前缘分流河道砂和滑塌浊积扇砂体形成的岩性圈闭。