冀东-辽西太古宙火成岩岩石组合和动力学意义

冀东-辽西地区是华北克拉通北部出露面积最大的太古宙变质基底区.经过岩石组合填图和综合研究,将其太古宙变质火成岩分为2.64~2.60 Ga MORB型拉斑玄武质火山岩、2.61~2.52 Ga拉斑玄武质-钙碱性变质火山岩、2.52~2.50 Ga浅变质钙碱性火山岩组合和2.54~2.50 Ga英云闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质片麻岩、2.54~2.51 Ga闪长质-石英闪长质-英云闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质片麻岩、2.54~2.51 Ga紫苏花岗闪长质-紫苏花岗质岩石、2.57~2.52 Ga闪长质-石英二长闪长质-花岗闪长质-二长花岗质片麻岩和2.53~2.51 Ga弱片麻状到块状二长花岗质-正长花岗质深成侵入体岩石组合.这些岩石组合从东北部的辽西阜新到西南部的遵化马兰峪地区呈现出条带状时-空分布特征.变质作用研究揭示了青龙-上营-洒河桥-马兰峪为高压麻粒岩带,记录了ITD型PTt轨迹,与NNW-NW向SSE-SE方向逆冲推覆构造相伴生;而三屯营-太平寨高温麻粒岩带,记录了IBC型PTt轨迹,与锦州-兴城-安子岭-界岭口-太平寨-三屯营伸展-底劈构造带相伴生.综合分析表明冀东-辽西太古宙晚期的构造-岩浆活动形成于热造山带型俯冲-弧后伸展到碰撞隆升的侧向增生动力学过程.      

辽北开原地区新太古代变质深成岩LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb 年龄及地球化学特征

辽北开原地区新太古代变质深成岩位于华北板块北缘陆缘活动带东段,主要岩性为二长花岗质片麻岩、花岗闪长质片麻岩和英云闪长质片麻岩,其中英云闪长质片麻岩LA-ICP-MS锆石207Pb/206Pb年龄加权平均值为2489.6±9.1 Ma,为新太古代。新太古代变质深成岩属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩,准铝-过铝质岩石系列,轻稀土元素较富集,重稀土元素相对亏损,具有下地壳或太古宙沉积岩部分熔融形成的特征。通过岩石学、岩石地球化学和构造环境及就位机制分析,结合邻区构造演化研究,认为辽北开原地区变质深成岩岩浆来自较浅的基性古陆壳局部熔融。大地构造位置可能处在洋壳与陆壳的接触带,说明新太古代清河断裂附近可能出现陆壳碰撞增生活动。闪长质-石英闪长质-花岗闪长质-二长花岗质片麻岩体现了陆壳经历长时间的增生、造陆活动,已由早期的基性陆壳向现今的硅铝质陆壳转变。     

山东胶南-威海造山带荣成岩套花岗质片麻岩的形成时代——锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年

胶南-威海造山带荣成岩套花岗质片麻岩由闪长质片麻岩-石英闪长质片麻岩-英云闪长质片麻-一奥长花岗质片麻岩-花岗闪长质片麻岩-黑云二长花岗质片麻岩-二长花岗质片麻岩类组成,早期为TTG质花岗岩,晚期为二长花岗岩类。自早到晚存在明显的富钾演化特征。根据新的SHRIMPU-Pb锆石定年结果,该岩套早期闪长质片麻岩年龄为（741±10）Ma,英云闪长质片麻岩年龄为780-760Ma。晚期二长花岗质片麻岩年龄为760-714Ma。所以,可把荣成岩套花岗岩时代限定在800-700Ma之间（南华纪）,其形成与华北克拉通岩石圈减薄有关。     

吉林太古宙花岗闪长质片麻岩类的成因讨论

吉林太古宙花岗闪长质片麻岩类主要由英云闪长质、花岗闪长质和二长花岗质片麻岩组成。地质学、岩石学及地球化学研究表明，它们是母岩浆早期经过分离结晶作用形成英云闪长质片麻岩类之后，剩余岩浆又通过分离结晶作用形成的，最主要的分离矿物相是斜长石和黑云母。     

辽西兴城地区新太古代花岗质杂岩特征与成因

辽西兴城台里地区新太古代花岗质杂岩主要分为黑云长石片麻岩和花岗闪长质片麻岩两类,是华北克拉通新太古代花岗质地壳的重要组成部分。花岗闪长质片麻岩类均为“模糊的”渐变过渡,没有侵入体的一般特点,与黑云长石片麻岩类相互混杂伴生,显示协调的变形或过渡关系。显微组构研究发现两类片麻岩均可分为两种不同的结构相类型: 原生结构相及新生结构相。从黑云长石片麻岩类到花岗闪长质片麻岩类具有新生结构相逐渐增多、原生结构相逐渐减少的变化规律。在常量元素上,两类片麻岩SiO₂ 与MnO、CaO、TiO₂、Fe₂O₃、MgO 的变化特征具有线性分布的趋势; 在微量及稀土元素含量变化特征上,两类片麻岩具有相似的特点。花岗闪长质片麻岩类在成因上属于深熔型花岗岩,其源岩可能为一套副变质的硬砂岩。     

吉林省桦甸地区太古宙花岗质片麻岩的侵位与变形研究

根据岩石组合，分布，接触，包裹关系以及结构和构造，吉林省桦甸地区太古宙花岗质林岩为角闪英云闪长质片麻岩类和黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩类，角闪英云闪长质片麻岩类为变形前侵入体，黑云母花岗闪长质片麻岩类为同变形侵入体，两类花岗质片麻岩的侵位是晚太古宙近东西向构造变形相伴生的岩浆活动事件。     

新元古代宝兴杂岩的岩石成因及其对扬子西缘构造环境的制约

位于扬子克拉通西缘的新元古代宝兴杂岩主要由中低级变质的辉长质片麻岩、闪长质片麻岩、英云闪长质到花岗闪长质片麻岩和块状二长花岗岩组成。岩石地球化学和Sm-Nd同位素特征表明,辉长质片麻岩和闪长质片麻岩为同源岩浆演化序列,原始岩浆起源于亏损地幔尖晶石橄榄岩的部分熔融,在上升和侵位过程中受到了地壳岩石强烈混染。英云闪长质和花岗闪长质岩浆形成于下地壳玄武质岩石部分熔融,而二长花岗质岩浆形成于杂砂岩的部分熔融。综合分析宝兴杂岩的岩石组合、微量元素和同位素特征,该杂岩体最有可能形成于新元古代活动大陆边缘火山弧构造背景,并可能经历了碰撞过程。     

前寒武纪地球动力学(Ⅶ):早期大陆地壳的形成与演化

冥古宙到太古宙大陆地壳主要由花岗质片麻岩区和绿岩带构造单元组成。大量的研究表明,以花岗质岩石出现为标志的大陆地壳最早的碎屑锆石记录为约4.4Ga,最早的英云闪长质-花岗闪长质片麻岩形成于约4.03Ga,最早的绿岩带层序形成于约3.8Ga。冥古宙到始—古太古代时期的花岗质片麻岩区主要由英云闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质片麻岩组成(TTG片麻岩),中—新太古代,尤其是新太古代晚期TTG片麻岩仍然为花岗质片麻岩区的主要岩石组成,但是花岗质片麻岩的成分出现了明显的多样化趋势,最明显的标志就是出现了大量的花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-碱长花岗岩组合。绿岩带的组成较为复杂,早期科马提岩、拉斑玄武岩等铁镁质火山岩占主导地位,组合有BIF等沉积层序,尤其是科马提岩的出现标志着高温地幔岩浆作用占主导作用。而晚期绿岩带科马提岩占的比重已经明显较少,大量出现拉斑玄武质-钙碱性玄武质到英安质火山岩和副变质沉积层序,局部出现类玻安岩、埃达克岩的变质火山岩记录。地球动力学体制研究表明,冥古宙到古太古代以地幔柱构造体制占主导地位,从始太古代到古太古代(3.0Ga)地幔柱活动和地幔对流使岩石圈不断加厚。在地幔对流沉降部位,由于地幔对流的拖曳使其铁镁质地壳逆冲堆垛并不断增厚,其深部发生麻粒岩相-榴辉岩相变质、部分熔融形成初始的大陆地壳花岗质岩石,并孕育了早期高温状态的板块热俯冲。中太古代晚期和新太古代初期形成了以榴辉岩为标志的类现代板片俯冲的构造体制,新太古代末期尽管地幔柱构造体制在局部仍起重要作用,但是类现代板片俯冲构造体制已经成为这一时期主导的动力学体制。     

辽东南长海地区花岗质片麻岩类的地球化学特征:对其原岩性质及形成环境的制约

本文对辽东南长海地区花岗质片麻岩进行了系统的岩石学和地球化学研究,以便对其原岩性质及形成的构造环境给予制约。研究结果表明,研究区内花岗质片麻岩类可划分为富钠和富钾两类花岗质岩石,前者包括黑云二长花岗质片麻岩和花岗闪长质片麻岩,矿物组成主要包括斜长石、石英、黑云母及少量的钾长石等,后者则主要包括花岗质、二长花岗质和糜棱岩化花岗质片麻岩,其矿物组成以钾长石、斜长石、石英和次要的白云母和黑云母为主。地球化学分析结果显示,富钠花岗质片麻岩具有富硅、富钠、高铝、富集LREEs和LILEs、强烈亏损HREEs和HFSEs(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)、轻重稀土强烈分馏、并显示弱负Eu异常和Ba的相对亏损等特征;而富钾花岗质片麻岩则显示高硅、富钾、过铝质的地球化学属性、富集LREEs和LILEs、亏损HREEs和HFSEs,与富钠花岗质岩石相比,轻重稀土分馏程度相对较弱、HFSEs以及Ba相对于Rb和Th的亏损程度更强,并显示中等负Eu异常和强烈的Sr负异常等特征。上述特征表明,辽东南长海地区富钠花岗质片麻岩应起源于中酸性陆壳物质的部分熔融,并可能有玄武质物质的加入,原岩应为具有活动大陆边缘属性的花岗闪长岩,其形成应与狼林地块(或胶辽地块)东南及南部先存洋盆向陆块之下的俯冲作用相联系;而富钾花岗质片麻岩应形成于中酸性陆壳物质的部分熔融,原岩为具有碰撞型花岗岩属性的碱性花岗岩,其形成应与洋壳消减闭合、陆陆碰撞拼贴相联系。     

冀北变质杂岩的地球化学、Nd同位素特征与地壳增生

华北克拉通北缘中段主要由变质的太古宙单塔子杂岩、古元古代红旗营子杂岩、未变质的大庙-长哨营等辉长岩-斜长岩-偏碱性花岗岩和晚古生代变质铁镁质到花岗质岩石组成。约2.49Ga的单塔子杂岩包括麻粒岩相到角闪岩相变质的闪长质-奥长花岗质-花岗闪长质-二长花岗质片麻岩,岩石化学特征表明它们属于中钾—高钾钙碱性演化系列,大部分岩石Mg#在40以下,右斜式从无Eu异常到明显的正Eu异常的稀土配分模式,具有明显的Th、Nd、Ta和Ti的负异常,εNd(t)= 0.65~-0.03,亏损地幔模式年龄tDM=2.78~2.71Ga。岩石成因研究表明,它们形成于初生岩浆和再循环地壳的铁镁质岩石部分熔融的岩浆混合,形成于大陆边缘弧的构造背景。形成于2.44~2.41Ga的红旗营子杂岩主要由变质铁镁质岩石-花岗闪长质-二长花岗质片麻岩组成,表现了与单塔子杂岩类似的岩石化学特征,即中钾—高钾钙碱性岩浆演化系列,其中变质铁镁质岩石表现为大离子亲石元素变化较大,Th、Nb、Ta、Zr负异常,P为正异常。其他的花岗质岩石样品Th、Nb、Ta、P和Ti负异常。所有岩石表现出右斜式无Eu异常的稀土配分模式。其中变质铁镁质岩石εNd(t)=-1....     

Late Neoarchean volcanic rocks in the southern Liaoning Terrane and their tectonic implications for the formation of the eastern North China Craton

The late Neoarchean metamorphosed volcanic rocks in the southern Liaoning Terrane (SLT) of the eastern North China Craton (NCC) are mainly composed of amphibolites and felsic gneisses and can be chemically classified as basalt (Group#1), basaltic andesite (Group#2), dacite (Group#3) and rhyodacite (Group#4). LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Th–Pb dating reveals that they formed at ~2.53–2.51 ​Ga. Group#1 samples are characterized by approximately flat chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns with low (La/Yb)_N ratios and a narrow range of (Hf/Sm)_N ratios, and their magmatic precursors were generated by partial melting of a depleted mantle wedge weakly metasomatized by subducted slab fluids. Compared to Group#1 samples, Group#2 samples display strongly fractionated REE patterns with higher (La/Yb)_N ratios and more scattered (Hf/Sm)_N ratios, indicative of a depleted mantle wedge that had been intensely metasomatized by slab-derived melts and fluids. Group#3 samples are characterized by high MgO and transition trace element concentrations and fractionated REE patterns, which resemble typical high-Si adakites, and the magmatic precursors were derived from partial melting of a subducted oceanic slab. Group#4 samples have the highest SiO₂ and the lowest MgO and transition trace element contents, and were derived from partial melting of basaltic rocks at lower crust levels. Integrating these tholeiitic to calc-alkaline volcanic rocks with the mass of contemporaneous dioritic-tonalitic-trondhjemitic-granodioritic gneisses, the late Neoarchean volcanic rocks in the SLT were most likely produced in an active continental margin. Furthermore, the affinities in lithological assemblages, metamorphism and tectonic regime among SLT, eastern Hebei to western Liaoning Terrane (EH–WLT), northern Liaoning to southern Jilin Terrane (NL–SJT), Anshan-Benxi continental nucleus (ABN) and Yishui complex (YSC) collectively indicate that an integral and much larger continental block had been formed in the late Neoarchean and the craton-scale lateral accretion was a dominantly geodynamic mechanism in the eastern NCC.     

Neoarchean crust-mantle interactions in the Yishui Terrane,south-eastern margin of the North China Craton: Constraints from geochemistry and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes of metavolcanic rocks and high-K granitoids

The Neoarchean Yishui Terrane (YST) is situated in the east of Western Shandong Province (WSP), south-eastern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). The metavolcanic rocks of the YST are fine-grained hornblende plagioclase gneisses (Group #1) and fine-grained amphibolites (Group #2) in the Yangzhuangzhen area and fine- to medium-grained amphibolites (Group #3) in the Leigushan area. The high-K granitoids associated with Groups #1 and 2 are dominated by fine- to medium-grained monzogranitic gneisses. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating reveals that the magmatic precursors of Groups #1 and #2 were formed at 2641 Ma and the magmatic precursors of concomitant monzogranitic gneisses were emplaced from 2615 to 2575 Ma, whereas Group #3 represents a later 2500 Ma volcanic eruption, and all these metamorphic volcanic rocks and monzogranitic gneisses were subjected to subsequent 2470–2460 Ma metamorphism.The metamorphic volcanic rock samples in Group #1 exhibit the chemical compositions of calc-alkaline andesites, showing fractionated chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)_N = 10.48–19.30) and negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies ((Nb/La)_PM = 0.13–0.22), which are akin to those of typical high-Mg andesites (HMAs) in the subduction-related settings. The magmatic precursors of the Group #1 samples were derived from partial melting of a fluid- or melt-metasomatized depleted mantle wedge at deep levels in the upper mantle. Samples in Group #2 show calc-alkaline chemical compositions with less fractionated chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)_N = 2.24–3.34) and negative Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies ((Nb/La)_PM = 0.47–0.76), which are consistent with those of the volcanic rocks in the Aleutian island arc. The magmatic precursors of Group #2 were generated by partial melting of a fluid-metasomatized depleted mantle wedge at shallow levels in the upper mantle. The monzogranitic gneisses exhibit high SiO₂ and K₂O contents with high-K calc-alkaline affinities and peraluminous characteristics. Based on their distinct HREE contents and chondrite-normalized REE patterns, these granitoid samples are subdivided into low-Yb monzogranitic gneisses (LYMGs) and high-Yb monzogranitic gneisses (HYMGs). The LYMG magma was derived from partial melting of a mixed source of juvenile two-mica pelites and minor basic-intermediate igneous rocks at lower crustal levels with pyroxene + amphibole + garnet as the main residual phases, and the HYMG magma was derived from partial melting of multi-sourced juvenile two-mica pelites at middle to lower crustal levels with pyroxene + amphibole and subordinate plagioclase and garnet as the main residual phases. In addition, Group #3 resembles tholeiitic back-arc basalts in the Okinawa Trough and displays flat chondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)_N = 1.22–2.08) and slightly negative Nb and Ta anomalies ((Nb/La)_PM = 0.35–0.59). This group was most likely derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle source that had been modified by the addition of subducted slab-derived fluids at shallow levels in the upper mantle. These metavolcanic rocks and concomitant high-K granitoids record important Neoarchean crust-mantle interactions involving the first modification and partial melting of the lithospheric mantle induced by oceanic crust subduction; then, upwelling and underplating of mantle-derived magmas triggered partial melting of the middle to lower crust and mixing between crust- and mantle-derived magmas. These processes imply that Neoarchean crust-mantle interaction played a crucial role in the evolution of the southeastern margin of the NCC.Available whole-rock Sm-Nd and zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data from metamorphic volcanic rocks and plutonic granitoids from this study and previous studies reveal that YST experienced three crucial juvenile crustal growth events from ~2.78–2.69 Ga, ~2.64–2.56 Ga and ~2.54–2.50 Ga.     

冀东青龙-双山子地区新太古代高镁安山岩-镁闪长岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及大地构造意义

冀东地区位于华北克拉通北缘,学术界对该地区新太古代岩浆作用的成因模式及构造背景一直存在争议,因此对冀东青龙-双山子地区的新太古代变质表壳岩及侵入岩进行了系统的同位素年代学及岩石地球化学研究.锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学结果显示变安山岩的形成时代为2 576 Ma,辉长闪长岩-英云闪长岩-石英闪长岩的侵入时代为2 484~2 535 Ma.岩石地球化学特征显示,较早期的变安山岩部分属高镁安山岩类,源自俯冲板片脱水流体交代地幔楔的部分熔融;而稍晚的侵入岩类为具有埃达克质岩石特征的镁闪长岩类,源区具有熔体交代地幔楔部分熔融的特征;整体构成高镁安山岩-埃达克质镁闪长岩组合.结合区域上的同位素年代学及地球化学报道,冀东青龙-双山子地区新太古代应处于活动大陆边缘构造背景.      

Geochemistry and Zircon U–Pb–Hf Isotopic Systematics of the Sanchahe Quartz Monzonite Intrusion in the North Qinling Tectonic Zone,Central China： Implications for its Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting

The Sanchahe quartz monzonite intrusion is situated in the middle segment of the North Qinling tectonic belt, Central China mainland, and consists chiefly of sanukitoid–like and granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks. The sanukitoid–like rocks are characterized by quartz monzonites, which display higher Mg#（55.0–59.0）, and enrichments in Na2 O＋K2 O（7.28–8.94 %）, Ni（21-2312 ppm）, Cr（56-4167 ppm）, Sr（553-923 ppm）, Ba（912-1355 ppm） and LREE（（La/Yb）N =9.47–15.3）, from negative to slightly positive Eu anomalies（δEu=＋0.61 to ＋1.10）, but also depletion in Nb, Ta and Ti. The granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks diaplay various Mg#of 6.00-53.0, high Na2 O＋K2 O（7.20– 8.30%）, Sr（455–1081 ppm） and（La/Yb）N（27.6–47.8）, with positive Eu anomalies（δEu=1.03–1.57） and depleted Nb, Ta and Ti. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（LA-ICPMS） zircon U-Pb isotopic dating reveals that the sanukitoid-like rocks were emplaced at two episodes of magmatism at 457±3 Ma and 431±2 Ma, respectively. The monzogranites were emplaced at 445±7Ma. Sanukitoid–like rocks have their εHf（t） values ranging from ＋0.3 to ＋15.1 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 445 to 1056 Ma, and the monzogranite shows its εHf（t） values ranging from 21.6 to ＋10.8 with Hf–depleted mantle model ages of 635 to 3183 Ma. Petrological, geochemical and zircon Lu –Hf isotopic features indicate that the magmatic precursor of sanukitoid–like rocks was derived from partial melting of the depleted mantle wedge materials that were metasomatized by fluids and melts related to subduction of oceanic slab, subsequently the sanukitoid magma ascended to crust level. This emplaced mantle magma caused partial melting of crustally metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, and mixing with the crustal magma, and suffered fractional crystallization, which lead to formations of quartz monzonites. However, the magmatic precursor of the granodioritic-monzogranitic rocks were derived from partial melting of subducted oceanic slab basalts. Integrated previous investigation for the adackitic rocks in the south of the intrusion, the Sanchahe intrusion signed that the North Qinling tectonic zone was developed in an early Paleozoic transitionally tectonic background from an island arc to back–arc.     

Laser Ablation ICP‐MS U‐Pb Zircon Geochronology of Granitoids and Quartz Veins in the Shihu Gold Mine,Taihang Orogen,North China: Timing of Gold‐mineralization and Tectonic Implications

The Shihu gold deposit, situated in the Taihang Mesozoic orogen of the North China Craton (NCC), is hosted by ductile-brittle faults within Archean metamorphic core complex. The deposit is characterized by gold-bearing quartz-polymetallic sulfides veins. The Mapeng granitoids stock and intermediate-basic dikes intruded the metamorphic basement rocks, and are spatially related to gold mineralization. Detailed laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA ICP-MS) U-Pb zircon ages of the granitic rocks, dykes and mineralized quartz veins in the studied area reveal its magmatic and mineralized history. The mineralized quartz veins contain inherited zircons with ages of about 2.55 Ga and 1.84 Ga, probably coming from the basement. These two Precambrian events are coeval with those in other parts of the NCC. The Mapeng granitoid stock, the largest intrusion in the area, was emplaced at ca. 130 Ma, and is coeval with magmatic zircon populations from diorites and quartz diorite pophyrites in the same region. The ca. 130 Ma magmatism and gold mineralization were most likely related to an underplating event that took place in the Taihang orogen at Late Mesozoic. The timing of gold mineralization with respect to felsic magmatism in the area is similar to those observed in other major gold-producing provinces in the NCC. This episode is simultaneous with those in the eastern margin of NCC, indicative of a widespread late Yanshanian metallogenic event that was a response to the Early Cretaceous lithosphere in the eastern NCC, in which the mesothermal gold deposits were formed from similar tectono-magmatic environments.     

The late Neoarchean transition from low- to high-K granitoids in western Liaoning Province,NE China: Clues from geochemistry and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopes

High-K granitoids are among the most abundant rock types in many Archean cratons. Late Neoarchean monzogranitic to syenogranitic gneisses with high-K affinities are widely distributed in the Anshan, Suizhong, Qinhuangdao, and Aolaishan areas on the northeastern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). In this contribution, we present an integrated study of zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopic compositions and whole-rock elemental compositions of amphibolites and trondhjemitic and monzo–syenogranitic gneisses of the Jinzhou area in the metamorphic basement of eastern Hebei–western Liaoning, with the aim of constraining their petrogenesis and geodynamic setting. Emplacement ages of the amphibolites and trondhjemitic–monzogranitic gneisses are 2543 ± 27, 2532 ± 19, and 2513 ± 7 Ma, respectively. The amphibolites are tholeiitic in composition with SiO₂ contents of 49.7–50.8 wt%, variable degrees of light rare-earth-element (LREE) enrichment and high-field-strength element (HFSE) depletion, and high zircon εHf(t) values of +2.6 to +6.3, suggesting a depleted lithospheric mantle origin. The major- and trace-element compositions of the trondhjemitic gneisses are similar to those of the low-pressure tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) suite. The zircon Hf (εHf(t) = +1.6 to +3.9) and O (δ¹⁸O = +3.76‰ to +5.73‰) isotopic compositions of the trondhjemitic gneisses indicate a juvenile basaltic source at the base of a thickened magmatic arc. The monzogranitic gneisses differ from their TTG counterparts in that they have lower SiO₂ and higher MgO, K₂O, and incompatible-element (especially Ba, Th, Sr, P, and LREE) contents. They also have slightly evolved zircon εHf(t) values (+0.6 to +3.8) and higher δ¹⁸O values (+4.69‰ to +6.13‰). These features suggest that the monzogranitic gneisses represent sanukitoid-type rocks, with a mantle source modified by crust-derived melts. The weakly deformed syenogranitic gneisses are characterized by high SiO₂ and K₂O, and very low MgO, Cr, and Ni contents, suggesting that they were formed by partial melting of local TTG rocks. Our results, together with those of previous investigations, suggest that the 2554–2513 Ma low- to high-K magmatism in the Jinzhou area most likely originated in an arc–back-arc tectonic setting on the northern margin of the NCC. The large volumes of high-K granitoids in eastern Hebei–western Liaoning are related to extensive mantle–crust interactions and crustal reworking in such a setting.     

Diversity of late Neoarchean K-rich granitoid rocks derived from subduction-related crust/mantle interactions in the Jiaobei terrane,North China Craton

The appearance of voluminous K-rich granitoids within nearly all ancient cratons represents one major characteristic of late Archean Earth, which hold the key to understand the transitional geodynamic regimes globally during this period. The genetic regimes and links among different K-rich granitoids and their implications for crustal growth and evolution remain controversial. A series of late Neoarchean K-rich granitoids, including quartz dioritic, granodioritic, and monzogranitic gneisses, occur in the Jiaobei terrane of North China Craton. Zircon U-Pb isotopic data reveal that they emplaced during ~2544–2494 Ma, coeval with regional ~2530–2470 Ma high-grade metamorphism.The quartz dioritic-granodioritic gneisses are magnesian rocks, and they show low Si and Ti, but high K and Mg, similar to Archean low-Ti sanukitoids. The Sr/Y and (La/Yb)_N are high (mostly 59.99–119.32 and 8.56–61.42), with moderate to high Nb (up to 11.79 ppm). Geochemical modeling, combined with depleted zircon εHf(t₂) (+0.5 − +7.2) and the presence of minor xenocrystic zircons, indicate that these low silica samples were derived from a metasomatized depleted mantle source with inputs of slab-derived fluids and melts, and minor contamination by ancient crustal materials. The monzogranitic rocks are ferroan rocks showing high Si, K, and Fe, but low Mg. They are divided into two subgroups: the first displays low TREE of 44.00–127.00 ppm and positive Eu anomalies (Eu_N/Eu*_N = 1.06–1.60), whereas the second shows high TREE of 85.76–819.02 ppm but negative Eu anomalies (Eu_N/Eu*_N = 0.51–0.62). Geochemical modeling and depleted zircon εHf(t₂) of +2.6 − +8.4 suggest their formation by partial melting of juvenile crustal sources involving tonalitic and some metasedimentary rocks at diverse crustal levels.Combined with regional geological data, these late Neoarchean K-rich granitoids were generated by coupled melting of metasomatized depleted mantle and dominantly juvenile crustal materials during crustal stabilization. Furthermore, the Jiaobei terrane experienced ~2.6–2.5 Ga crustal growth under a subduction-accretion setting.     

华北克拉通新太古代早期—中太古代晚期（2.6~3.0 Ga）巨量陆壳增生:综述

在对一些重点地区新太古代早期—中太古代晚期（2.6~3.0 Ga）岩石的空间分布、岩石类型和形成时代作简要介绍基础上,文章总结了华北克拉通这一时代花岗质岩石的年龄分布模式、地球化学和Nd-Hf-O同位素组成特征。新太古代早期—中太古代晚期变质基底具有如下特征:①新太古代早期—中太古代晚期岩浆作用在华北克拉通几乎连续分布,峰期为2.70~2.75 Ga;②新太古代早期—中太古代晚期岩石在华北克拉通广泛存在,主要分布在东部古陆块、中部古陆块和南部古陆块中;③新太古代早期—中太古代晚期侵入岩以英云闪长岩为主,存在奥长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩及其他类型岩石;④新太古代早期—中太古代晚期表壳岩规模很小,零星分布于花岗质岩石中,岩石类型主要为变玄武质岩石,一些地区存在变质科马提岩、变质安山质?英安质火山岩和变质碎屑沉积岩;⑤2.6 Ga可作为华北克拉通新太古代早期和晚期的界线;⑥TTG岩石的Sr/Y和La/Yb比值存在很大变化,在Sr/Y-Y和La/Yb-Yb图中位于高压、中压和低压TTG分布区;除少量富钾花岗岩外,华北克拉通新太古代早期—中太古代晚期岩石大都具有亏损Nd-Hf同位素组成特征;岩浆锆石O同位素组成与全球太古宙岩浆锆石类似;⑦许多地区都具有类似地质特征,但一些地区显示出较大的独特性。新的研究进一步支持了这样的认识:与全球其他许多典型克拉通类似,新太古代早期—中太古代晚期是华北克拉通最重要的陆壳增生时期,主要区别是华北克拉通叠加了强烈的新太古代晚期岩浆构造热事件。      

Contact interaction of agpaitic magmas with basement gneisses: An example of the Khibina and Lovozero Massifs

Data on processes that occurred at contacts of large agpaitic syenite intrusions and basement gneisses obtained by the authors by studying and sampling profiles across the contacts and involve the composition of minerals, analysis of mineral assemblages, isotopic dating of the processes, and analysis of the behavior of major, volatile, and trace elements in rocks near the contact. The contact zones of the massifs were determined to consist of products of contact interaction during the early and late magmatic stages and provide a record of successive stages of a continuous process of gneiss transformations, starting with the filling of the magmatic reservoir with melt and ending with late- and postmagmatic processes related to the development of a system of alkaline veins and pegmatite bodies in the gneisses. Early alkaline metasomatic processes in the Khibina Massif were local, controlled by diffusion, and were induced by the immediate thermal and chemical effect of alkaline melts on the gneisses. In the Lovozero Massif, metasomatism was related predominantly to the development of postmagmatic veins at 359 ± 5 Ma, was controlled by infiltration, and proceeded immediately after the consolidation of the main intrusive series. The metasomatic transformations during the early and late magmatic stages under the effect of agpaitic melts on gneisses predetermined different closure conditions and, correspondingly, different behaviors of the Rb-Sr and Sm-Nd isotopic systems during the contact processes: while the interaction of agpaitic melts with gneisses has modified the (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_{(T = 370 Ma)} ratio via the enrichment of radiogenic Sr in the host Archean rocks, the Sm-Nd isotopic characteristics of the syenites in the inner contact zone and veins preserved their mantle values, which corresponded to the average ones for rocks in the central parts of the intrusion. Experimental data, model simulations, and natural observations testify that Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and REE were mobile in the contact interaction zone with agpaitic melts. With regard for data on the fluid regime of the agpaitic melts and the concentrations of volatile components in the contact zones, we believe that the main role in the transfer of REE and HFSE during contact metasomatism could be played by their ligands with F⁻, Cl⁻, and SO₄²⁻.