拉尔玛金矿生物-有机质成矿作用

拉尔玛金矿床是秦岭“金三角”中典型的热水矿床。笔者根据拉尔玛地区金矿床中岩石和矿石的常量、微量和稀土元素、同位素年代学的研究 ,结合金与有机质、粘土的关系 ,以及有机质、粘土矿物吸附和释放金的实验 ,提出了硅质岩为金矿矿源层。通过对拉尔玛金矿热水成因硅质岩中分子古生物学的研究 ,指出硅质岩中与金关系密切的生物母源为海生低等菌藻生物。根据金矿床中的生物实体化石、分子化石、金与生物量及有机质之间的相互关系 ,结合生物、有机质成矿模拟的实验研究 ,确认拉尔玛金矿床为生物 -有机成矿作用     

云南墨江金矿床硅质岩的地质地球化学特征及其意义

墨江金矿床厂组中下段硅质岩具有典型的沉积构造，岩石富集∑Fe和As 、Sb、Bi、Ga等微量元素（相对于地壳克拉克值），而相对贫AI2O3；稀土元素以总量（∑REE）低，负铈异常为特征，与热水沉积的硅质岩特征相似。在判别硅质岩形成与作用的一系列主量和微量元素图解上，本区的硅质岩位于热水沉积作用范围，但四十八两山段硅质岩有趋近于正常化学沉积作用。利用硅质岩的氧同位素计算出它的形成温度为128－146℃。地质、地球化学特征表明本区硅质岩的形成与热水沉积作用有关，但四十八两山段硅质岩受到正常化学沉积作用的影响。、     

湖北嘉鱼县蛇屋山金矿硅质岩地球化学特征及成矿环境约束

湖北蛇屋山金矿是亚洲最大的红土型金矿,矿区内硅质岩发育,覆于含矿红土层之上,并与硅化灰岩呈渐变过渡。硅质岩主要由微晶和隐晶组成,其SiO2含量为96.87%～97.90%,w(Si)/w(Al)=92.84～287.66,平均值为173,处于纯硅质岩的范畴。硅质岩样品的w(Al)/w(Al+Fe+Mn)为0.189～0.388,平均值为0.303,具热液成因硅质岩的特征。根据Al、Fe、Mn三角图的投点,认为本研究区硅质岩为热液成因硅质岩。微量元素w(Ni)/w(Co)、w(Fe)/w(Ti)、w(Ti)/w(V)、w(U)/w(Th)也说明了硅质岩具有热水沉积成因。w(Ce)/w(Ce*)为1.05～1.27,平均值为1.12,(La/Ce)N为0.84～1.12,平均值为0.98,微量元素V的含量(3.02～4.26μg/g)以及常量元素w(MnO)/w(TiO2)(1.0～2.0)都显示此研究区硅质岩具有大陆边缘硅质岩的特征。结合宏观特征,确定硅质岩有可能形成于卡林型金矿去碳酸盐化阶段,属于热液活动的产物。     

Geology,geochemistry, and genesis of the hot-spring-type Sipingshan gold deposit,eastern Heilongjiang Province,Northeast China

The Sipingshan gold deposit, located in the eastern part of the Nadanhada Terrane, is hosted within cherts and silicified breccias of the Upper Cretaceous Sipingshan Formation and rhyolites of the Upper Cretaceous Datashanlinchang Formation. The orebodies are composed of gold- and pyrite-bearing cherts, silicified breccias, and quartz veins accompanied by various types of wall rock alteration, including silicification, pyritization, sericitization, chloritization, pyrophyllitization, and carbonatization. LA-ICP-MS U–Pb zircon ages determined for the ore-bearing rhyolites range between 122 ± 1.4 and 135.2 ± 1.9 million years slightly older than the metallogenic age of the Sipingshan gold deposit. The rhyolite has aluminium saturation index values ranging from 0.015 to 1.25 and shows the following features: enrichment in LILE (e.g. Rb, Pb, K, and Th); depletion of Ba, Sm, and Ti; and negative Eu anomalies. These geochemical characteristics indicate that (1) the rhyolite contains features typical of S-type granites; (2) the felsic magma likely originated through partial melting of the continental crust; and (3) plagioclase crystals were present in the partial melt residues in the magma source region, or else magma evolution involved plagioclase fractionation. The host cherts have high Al/(Al + Fe + Mn) ratios (0.23–0.81, averaging 0.60) and low Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ contents. Their North American shale-normalized REE patterns are characterized by flat REE, slightly positive Eu anomalies, no Ce anomalies, and (La/Yb)_SN ratios of 1.27–1.38, indicating that these cherts formed in a continental margin environment. In addition, the analysed cherts have low ΣREE (1.56–3.64 ppm) and Zr (9.1–13.5 ppm) contents, suggesting a hydrothermal origin. Fluid inclusions in quartz veins show elliptical to irregular shapes that range from 5 to 12 μm in size and have homogenization temperatures of 118.7–223.4°C, densities of 0.84–0.94 g/cm³, and pressures of 21.2–51.4 MPa, indicating that the hot-spring-type Sipingshan gold deposit is epithermal in origin.     

Geochemical Features and Formation of the Auriferous Cherts in the Mojiang Gold Deposit,Yunnan

Auriferous cherts in the Middle Carboniferous Jinchang Formation are the dominant host rocks of auriferous quartz veins and mixed orebodies comprised of gold-bearing quartz veins and cherts in the Mojiang gold deposit.The rocks exhibit sedimentary texture and structure and are composed of hot-water deposited minerals.The FeO,Fe2O3,Au and Ag contents of the auriferous cherts are high;the Cr,Ni and Co contents are also high but significantly variable;MnO/TiO2 and TFe/TiO2 ratios are relatively higy.As viewed from a few diagrams that distinguish different chert formations,the auriferous cherts are in or near the range of hot-water deposited cherts.Because the correlation coefficients between Au contents and those of Cr, Ni of the rocks are negative,a great Au amount in the cherts might not be brought about by later hydrothermal alterations.The rare-earth elements,O and Si isotopic compositions of the auriferous cherts demonstrate that the cherts belong to hot-water deposited rocks.The later hydrothermal alterations made the petrochemical compositions of the cherts deviate from the characteristics of hot-water deposition.In general,the geological and geochemical features of the auriferous cherts demonstrate that the rocks were formed by hot water deposition.     

甘南地区土壤测量深度、粒度试验成果及土壤测量找矿效果

本文系统收集分析了甘南地区诸如玛曲大水、碌曲忠曲、碌曲拉尔玛、夏河隆瓦寺院、合作早子沟、舟曲坪定等典型金矿区土壤样深度、粒度试验的基本成果,包括土壤样采样深度,野外加工粒度;简要对比分析了以上各矿区1:20万水系沉积物测量综合异常的元素组合特征、土壤测量异常特征和找矿效果。     

江西金山矿区硅质岩的发现及其地质意义

通过野外地质调查和系统的岩石学及常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征的研究,探讨了金山矿区硅质岩的成因和大地构造环境。通过测试分析,显示区内硅质岩贫Al₂O₃、TiO₂,富As、Sb、Hg、Au、Ag、W、Pb,贫∑REE,δ(Eu)为负异常,δ（Ce）为弱正异常,HREE相对富集等热水沉积物的特征,同时也表明在硅质岩的形成过程中有陆源物质的介入。在判别硅质岩的形成与作用的一系列图解上,样品均落在热水沉积作用和形成于大陆边缘环境的范围内,这与一些特征值w(Fe)/w(Ti)、w(Fe+Mn)/ w(Ti)、w(Al)/w(Al+Fe+Mn)、w(MnO)/w(TiO₂)、δ(Ce)等的分析结果相吻合。这种硅质岩的发现与对比结果说明了该区域构造演化的复杂性。在晚古生代加里东运动使赣东北地区壳体断裂拉张,形成断陷盆地,并发生了热水喷流沉积成岩成矿作用。金山金矿床在形成过程中还经历了古生代热水成矿作用的叠加改造。     

老万场红土型金矿成矿过程的地球化学作用

根据地质地球化学研究所揭示的与成矿地球化学作用有关的宏观和微观特征,对老万场金矿的物质来源和成矿过程的地球化学作用进行了讨论,阐述了成矿（成土）过程中Ａｕ和相关元素的地球化学行为以及本类红土型放形成的地球化学机理。指出了喀斯特红土化作用在原始卡林型金矿风化成土过程中对红土型金矿形成的影响。     

细菌富集金的实验及其地球化学意义

细菌富集金的实验表明，细菌具有强烈富集金的能力，起到了海水中微量金捕集器的作用。细菌富集金有吸附和吸收两种形式。吸附是指金被细胞壁分泌的氨基酸等有机物吸附在生物体外；吸收是指金进入生物体内，可能与蛋白质的巯基相结合。细菌是自然界生活力，繁殖力极强，生物产量巨大的微生物。     

贵州老万场红土型金矿地球化学特征及其成因

对贵州西南部晴隆老万场红土型金矿与相关岩石（矿石）和喀斯特红土等进行了常量元素、微量元素和稀土元素地球化学比较研究,阐明了矿床的各类元素的地球化学特征,追溯了矿术的物质来源。研究表明,本类红土型金矿的物质来源是高硅质（石英）、富铁质（黄铁矿等）的富金矿（岩）石;具有Ａｕ－Ａｓ－Ｓｂ－Ｈｇ－Ｔｌ－Ｗ－Ａｇ－Ｂａ的微量元素组合特征,与卡林型金矿十分相似,是原始卡林型金矿风化演化的产物。常量元素和稀土元     

An integrated ore prospecting model for the Nyasirori gold deposit in Tanzania

The Nyasirori gold deposit, located in the middle-western end of the Musoma-Mara Archean greenstone belt in Tanzania, is a tectonic altered rock type gold deposit controlled by shear tectonic zone. This work conducted high-precision ground magnetic measurements to delineate fault structures and favorable prospecting targets, utilized induced polarization (IP) intermediate gradient to roughly determine the distribution and extension of the tectonic altered zone and gold ore (mineralized) bodies, and further carried out IP sounding and magnetotelluric sounding to locate the tectonic altered zone and gold ore (mineralized) bodies. The anomalous gradient belt of the combination of positive and negative micromagnetic measurements reflects the detail of shallow surface tectonic alteration zone and gold mineralization body. Micromagnetic profile anomalies indicate the spatial location and occurrence of concealed tectonic alteration zone and gold (mineralized) ore bodies. Soil geochemical measurements indicate that the ore-forming element Au correlates well with As and Sb, and As and Sb anomalies have a good indication to gold orebodies. Based on the multi-source geological-geophysical-geochemical information of the Nyasirori gold deposit, this work established an integrated prospecting model and proposed a set of geophysical and geochemical methods for optimizing prospecting targets.     

拉尔玛金矿矿源层──太阳顶群硅质岩的有机地球化学研究

拉尔玛金矿矿源层──太阳顶群硅质岩的有机地球化学研究林丽（成都理工学院，成都６１００５９）关键词有机地球化学，硅质岩，太阳顶群，拉尔玛金矿床拉尔玛金矿床赋存于寒武系太阳顶群中，该群的硅质岩是矿源层。本文探讨矿源层形成过程中与金关系密切的有机质的生物先...     

内蒙古双尖子山银多金属矿床区域地球化学特征

内蒙古双尖子山银多金属矿床是中国乃至亚洲规模最大的银多金属矿床,本研究在回顾矿床发现史的基础上对双尖子山矿床区域地球化学数据进行再分析。采用19级累积频率法制作研究区39种元素或氧化物的地球化学图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区范围内出现明显高值的有MgO、CaO、Fe₂O₃、Pb、Zn、Ag、V、Cr、Ni等多达22种氧化物或元素,其中主量成分的明显富集特征应受控于研究区的岩性分布情况。采用变值七级异常法制作研究区29种微量元素的地球化学异常图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区及其附近存在W、Sn、Mo、Bi、Pb、Zn、Ag、As、Sb计9种热液成矿元素的异常区,而其他微量元素在双尖子山矿区的明显富集情况可能是由双尖子山矿区及其附近母岩岩性及其风化作用所致。基于地球化学基因技术制作了研究区金矿化基因和钨矿化基因的矿化相似度地球化学图,结果发现在双尖子山矿区及其附近存在金矿化相似度和钨矿化相似度的异常区,表明矿化相似度可以作为该区金属矿产勘查的一种有效指标,认为区域化探工作在该区金属矿产勘查中具有很好的参考价值。     

广西贵港六梅金矿地球化学研究

广西贵港六梅金矿床位于贵港市龙山矿田福六岭金矿区,为微细浸染型金矿床。矿床中主要矿石矿物为毒砂和黄铁矿。通过载金矿物毒砂和黄铁矿含金性、金浸出提取、晶体结构测定等方法,查明矿床的金存在形式。浸出率试验中平衡计算表明,载金矿物毒砂中的晶格金形式约占25%,超显微包体形式金约为75%。矿床流体包裹体测温和稀土元素地球化学研究表明,六梅金矿床为中-低温热液型矿床,成矿物质来源与地层有关。     

河南省桐柏县围山城成矿带原、次生晕地球化学特征对比分析

围山城成矿带是我国重要的变质碎屑岩型金银成矿带之一,矿带西部有破山大型银矿,中部有银洞坡特大型金矿,新发现的老洞坡-河坎银矿位于其东端,构成围山城金银矿带。矿带普查初期,曾系统开展过万分之一土壤及岩石地化测量,二者的工作方法虽然不同,但异常的形态、强度、规模、连续性、渐变性以及异常与矿体（带）的关系均大同小异,显示二方法所取得的地质效果基本一致。     

老挝爬奔金矿沉积环境及矿床成因研究

爬奔金矿位于老挝西北部琅勃拉邦构造带,是该带内迄今为止发现的唯一大型金矿床。为了解该矿床形成时的沉积环境及矿床成因,对矿区的岩石及矿石进行了微量元素、稀土元素及同位素等方面的地球化学特征研究。矿区岩石的微量元素特征表明,矿床形成时处于相对缺氧的沉积环境;矿石的硫、氢、氧、碳同位素特征证明岩浆流体参与了成矿作用; Eu异常特征说明围岩灰岩不是矿床的成矿母岩; Ce异常特征表明矿区形成于水体深度适中的氧化还原界面附近; Y/Ho特征也说明金矿床与围岩灰岩的源区不同。通过与我国滇黔桂地区的卡林型金矿进行对比研究,爬奔金矿虽然在诸多方面与卡林型金矿有着相似之处,但两者之间更多的是差异性。综合研究认为,爬奔金矿应为与岩浆有关的热液矿床。     

五龙金矿成因研究

五龙金矿是一大型脉状金矿床,金矿化与燕山期构造-岩浆活动密切相关,野外地质特征及大量岩石化学、地球化学及同位素资料表明,三股流岩体、脉岩和含金石英脉是古老含金矿源层重熔的产物,三者具有相同的来源。矿床成因类型为重熔岩浆热液金矿床。     

水银洞金矿床包裹体和同位素地球化学研究

通过包裹体和同位素地球化学研究,初步得出水银洞金矿具中-低温超高压热液成矿的特点,金赋存于砷黄铁矿环带中,金含量与中等砷含量3％～6％相对应,这可能说明金在砷黄铁矿环带中以亚微米-纳米级的颗粒状不均匀浸染状分布,而不太可能是以晶格金(即以Au~(3 )-As成对置换黄铁矿晶格中的Fe~(2 )-S)的状态存在。矿质主要来源于深部,成矿年龄70Ma。     

Simulating Experiments on Enrichment of Gold by Bacteria and Their Geochemical Significance

The experiments on the enrichment of gold by bacteria indicate that bacteria have a very intense capacity of enriching gold and act as an arrester of trace gold in sea water,Bacteria enrich gold in two forms:absorption and adsorption.Absorption means that gold finds its way into organisms and it is combined with the mercapto group of protein,whereas adsorption means that gold is adsorbed on organisma by amino acid secreted by cell walls,Bacteria are organisms with very high vitality and reproductive capacity and huge productivity in nature Bacteria,which are important geolgical agents for gold enrichment and can exert effects on geological environments by their metabolism,are of important geochemical significance for the formation of gold-bearing black rock series.