广西北部新元古代花岗石锆石U—Pb年代学及其构造意义

广西北部（扬子块体南缘）３个代表性的新元古代花岗岩体（本洞,三防和元宝山岩体）的矿物组合,岩石化学,元素和同位素地球化学特征表明,它们均为铝质Ｓ型花岗岩。高精度的ＳＨＲＩＭＰ和颗粒级锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ定年结果表明,本洞,三防和元宝山岩体的形成时代为（８２０±７）Ｍａ,（８２５±６）Ｍａ和（８２４±４）Ｍａ,在误差范围内基本相同,排除了本区存在中元古代末／新 元古代初形成的花岗岩。结合野外地质关系和扬子块     

扬子板块西缘北段新元古代花岗岩类的地球化学特征和成因

扬子板块西缘北段新元古代花岗岩类分布较广。它们具有准铝质化学成分（Ａ／ＭＫＣ〈１．０３）;贫Ｂｂ、Ｕ、Ｔｈ、Ｎｂ、Ｈｆ,相对富Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｚｒ;稀土总量较低,（〈０．７０５０）,δ＾１８Ｏ（〈７．６‰）。这些特征与华南同熔型花岗岩类的值十分相似,反映其源区具有壳－幔混合特点。新元古代花岗岩类的Ｎｄ模式年龄（１．８１～１．１４Ｇａ）介于我初生地壳（１．０Ｇａ）之间,推测这些花岗岩类主要是由上述两端元     

扬子南缘沉积岩的Nd同位素演化及其大地构造意义

本文系统分析了扬子块体南缘中元古代到二叠纪各个时代地层中泥质沉积岩的Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素组成。中元古代（１．６～１．ＯＧａ）沉积岩具有一致的Ｎｄ模式年龄（ｔＤＭ）（≈１．８Ｇａ）;晚元古代早期（０．９～０．７７Ｇａ）沉积岩的ｔＤＭ年龄从≈１．８Ｇａ急剧降低至。１．３Ｇａ;震旦纪晚期到二叠纪（０．６６～０．２７Ｇａ）沉积岩的ｔＤＭ年龄又恢复到大约１．８Ｇａ。晚元古代早期沉积岩ｔＤＭ年龄的显著降低,表明这个时期扬子南缘的沉积物源区加入了大量新的幔源物质。沉积岩的Ｎｄ同位素结果对中国东南部的大地构造演化提供了新的制约。地质、地球化学和年代学资料均表明扬子南缘的板溪群是一正常的元古代地层单位。华南一扬子晚元古代（晋宁期）碰撞造山运动导致了上述沉积岩的“Ｎｄ同位素漂移”。     

辽北清原地区太古宙地质演化及其对成矿的控制作用

辽北清原地区在时空上有系统地发育了三个太古亩地体：浑河以南的小莱河花岗岩-绿岩带（ＸＧＧＢ）、浑河以北的清原花岗岩-绿岩带（ＱＧＧＢ）和在ＱＧＧＢ东北部出露的景家沟麻粒岩-片麻岩区（ＪＧＧＲ）。绿岩带中火山岩组合在ＸＧＧＢ中以双峰式岩套为特征，而在（ＱＧＧＢ中以连续的钙碱性系列为特征。ＸＧＧＢ中斜长角门岩全岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时线年龄为３０１８±２０Ｍａ，Ｎｄ（ｔ）＝＋０．１９±０．１７，ＴＤＭ＝３３４７～３７３５Ｍａ，而ＱＧＧＢ中的斜长角闪岩全岩Ｓｍ～Ｎｄ等时线年龄为２８８４±４８Ｍａ，∈Ｎｄ（ｔ）＝＋２．６１±０．４１，ＴＤＭ＝２９３８～２９９２Ｍａ。ＪＧＧＲ中黑云麻粒岩的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄为２９９４±３２５Ｍａ，可能代表变质年龄，表明其形成在ＸＧＧＢ之前。综合研究表明辽北地区太古亩地质演化模式很可能为：ＪＧＧＢ代表了古中太古代古陆的残骸，ＸＧＧＢ于中太古代形成在这个古陆边缘的裂谷盆地内，ＱＧＧＢ则形成在新太古代的大陆边缘岛弧环境，并于新太古代晚期与ＸＧＧＢ拼贴。在此陆一弧碰撞过程中，ＱＧＧＢ逆冲推覆于ＪＧＧＲ之上，后者由于后期的伸展作用而出露于地表。成矿作用是地质演化的组成部分，并受制于各个演化阶段的构造环境     

皖南和赣东北蛇绿岩成因及其构造意义：元素和Sm－Nd同位素制约

本文对扬子块体南缘构造侵位于板溪群（及相应地层）的皖南和赣东北晚元古代蛇绿岩进行了系统的元素和Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ同位素地球化学研究，结果表明两套蛇绿岩具有类似的元素地球化学特征，即二者的火山岩元素地球化学特征均类似于形成于弧后盆地构造环境的拉斑玄武岩。但是，两套蛇绿岩的Ｎｄ同位素组成明显不同。赣东北蛇绿岩具有相当均一的高εＮｄ（Ｔ）值（＋５．５±１．２），表明来源于一较亏损的上地幔源区，并且没有受到明显的较成熟地壳物质的混染。相反，皖南蛇绿岩的εＮｄ（Ｔ）值低，并有较大的变化范围（＋４．５──１．０），并和Ｓｍ／Ｎｄ、Ｎｄ、ＭｇＯ、ＳｉＯ２呈明显的二元混合相关关系，表明蛇绿岩是由亏损幔源岩浆（初始εＮｄ（Ｔ）≈＋５．５）在结晶分异过程中与地壳组分（初始εＮｄ（Ｔ）≈－１）混合形成的。皖南和赣东北蛇绿岩的Ｎｄ同位素和元素地球化学特征以及该地区的同时代花岗岩和火山岩的时空分布特征，可以用华南和扬子元古宙陆－弧－陆碰撞模式来解释。大约在１．０Ｇａ前，扬子和华南块体之间存在一多岛弧洋盆。大陆边缘岛弧和大洋岛弧在扬子块体南缘发育演化。皖南和赣东北蛇绿岩就是在大陆边缘盆地和弧间盆地演化过程中形成的洋壳构造侵位的碎片。该地区Ｉ型     

扬子克拉通北缘元古宙基底同位素地质年代学和地壳增生历史：Ⅱ．火地垭群

扬子克拉通地壳的生成始于太古宙，但依据目前的研究成果，其主体形成于元古宙，对位于扬子克拉通北缘，分布在碑坝地区重要的基底岩系之一的火地垭群铁船山组火山岩进行了Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ和Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素地球化学研究．同位素年代学数据表明，铁船山组岩系形成于约（１６６８５）Ｍａ的中元古代，并源于高亏损的地幔岩浆库（ｄ（ｔ）７．５３．１０），且其亏损地幔模式年龄ＴＤＭ（（１．６８±０．１０）Ｇａ）与Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时年龄是一致的．Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ同位素年代学揭示出在新元古代早期（约（８６０±１２）Ｍａ的晋宁期）铁船山组岩系受到了构造热事件的改造．该事件与区内大规模的基性－超基性和碱性、中－酸性岩浆活动的同时出现在时间上是一致的．这些晋宁期岩浆作用有着以下共同特征：（１）岩浆源于亏损程度大为降低的岩浆库；（２）模式年龄ＴＤＭ与铁船山组火山岩的形成时代相近．在本区的西乡地区，同为中元古代形成的西乡群底部的白勉峡组火山岩与其周围的晋宁期基性－超基性和碱性、中－酸性岩浆岩在年代学特征、岩浆库性质和亏损地幔模式年龄等多方面与碑坝地区铁船山组火山岩及其周围晋宁期岩浆岩的特征是类似的．这些同位素地球化学特征所揭示的区内地壳增生和晋宁期构造历史进一     

小秦岭303号石英脉流体包裹体Rb—Sr,^40Ar—^39Ar成矿年龄测定

用石英流体包裹体Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ、＾４０Ａｒ－＾３９Ａｒ法测定了小秦岭３０３号石英脉的形成时代为石元古代。其流体包裹体属Ｈ２Ｏ＋ＣＯ２＋ＣａＣｌ型,盐度为６．５％－１２．９８％,ＣＯ２含量高,Ｎａ＾＋〉Ｋ＋。３０３号石英脉Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄为（２３８２±３３６）Ｍａ－（２２３４±４７）Ｍａ,（＾８７ｓＲ／＾８６Ｓｒ）ｉ为（０．７３５１±０．００１９）－（０．７４１６±０．０００４）,＾４０Ａｒ＾＾３９     

桑干地区早元古代花岗岩长石Pb同位素组成和锆石U-Pb年龄：变质与地壳熔融作用及构造-热事件演化

桑干地区大同－集宁一带孔兹岩系分布区有大量早元古代花岗岩发育。依据矿物组成和地质特征,这些花岗岩可分为两种类型：大规模的石榴石花岗岩和小规模的淡色花岗岩。花岗岩中长石Ｐｂ同位素组成显示,石榴石花岗岩是孔兹岩系部分熔融的直接产物,而淡色花岗岩不是孔兹岩系简单的部分熔融产物。石榴石花岗岩中锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ一致年龄为１８３６±１８Ｍａ,代表石榴石花岗岩的形成年代。淡色花岗岩的锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ一致线上交点年龄为１９１２±９８Ｍａ,形成略早。孔兹岩系２０７Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ值整体上高于华北麻粒岩下地壳,具有上地壳的Ｐｂ同位素组成特征,其沉积原岩应该来自华北晚太古代形成的大陆地壳。根据深成岩浆作用和变质作用的年代学资料,可以确定桑干地区早元古代如下构造－热事件序列：小基性岩体侵入（２．２～２．３Ｇａ）、早期淡色花岗岩生成（２．１～１．９Ｇａ）、麻粒岩相变质作用、剪切作用和大规模石榴石花岗岩发育（１．８４Ｇａ）、伟晶岩的形成（１．８０Ｇａ）和基性岩墙群的出现（１．７７Ｇａ）。大规模石榴石花岗岩形成于构造－热事件峰期     

日本西南冈山县中部有汉花岗闪长岩和贺阳花岗岩Rb—Sr同…

测定了冈山县中部有汉花岗闪长岩和贺阳花岗岩Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ全岩等时线年龄和Ｓｒ同位素初始比值。它们的主岩相年龄分别为９２．０±６．５Ｍａ和８１．２±５．５Ｍａ，ＳｒＩ分别为０．７０６９６±１和０．７０６８４±１０。     

东北地区显生宙花岗岩的成因与地壳增生

东北地区显生宙花岗岩极为发育,特别是中生代印支—燕山期岩体分布面积巨大,可称之为巨型花岗岩省。其主要的成因类型是Ｉ－分异型和Ａ－型,而Ｓ－型花岗岩极为少见。区域地质分析表明,这些花岗岩的主体是在古亚洲域洋壳消失后形成的,其成因与由大量板块俯冲而导致的区域深部热异常或地幔柱有关。从地球化学特点上看,这些花岗岩主要表现为低的初始锶（ＩＳｒ≈０．７０５）和高初始钕（εＮｄ（ｔ）＞０,显示其形成与地幔关系密切。对其年轻的钕模式年龄（ｔＤＭ＜１０００Ｍａ）的分析表明,地质历史上的新元古代－显生宙也是地壳增生的重要时期;同时,垂向增生也是地壳生长的重要机制。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861