Tungsten abundances in some volcanic rocks

A radiochemical N.A.A. method was used to obtain new values on W distribution in some 125 volcanic rocks, mainly basalts and andesites, from different petrotectonic environments.These W data are below previously reported abundances. New median values in various types of rocks are suggested (ppm W). Basalts: ocean floor, 0.15; ocean islands subalkaline, 0.28; ocean islands alkaline, 0.60; island arc, 0.19: continental margin, 0.40; continental subalkaline, 0.30: continental alkaline, 1.35. Andesites: island arc, 0.23; continental margin, 1.05.Median values for all 91 basalts and all 20 andesites are 0.36 and 0.29 ppm respectively.     

中国年轻火山岩铀钍(U-Th)非平衡研究进展

本文简述近些年中国年轻火山岩的铀钍非平衡研究进展.中国东部(五大连池,天池,镜泊湖,龙岗,大兴安岭,海南岛)的年轻火山岩都显示显著的230Th过剩,表明岩浆来源于含石榴子石的深部地幔,并且部分熔融速率低.其中五大连池主要来自深部(≥75km)的岩石圈地幔,天池、镜泊湖、龙岗和大兴安岭岩浆主要来自软流圈地幔,而海南岛火山岩则显示下地慢特征.中国东部年轻火山岩中U-Th非平衡并没有显示俯冲的太平洋板块对年轻火山岩的物质贡献.我们近来发现年轻火山岩中含有锆石.长白山天池火山岩千年喷发的碱流岩中的锆石U-Th等时线年龄为7～10ka.腾冲马鞍山的锆石表面U-Th等时线年龄为55ka,而锆石内部年龄是90ka.锆石年龄可能表明,相对于腾冲马鞍山的小喷发,大喷发的长白山天池火山岩浆滞留年龄短.长白山天池火山的很短的滞留时间表明其存在危险性.     

The atmospheric lithium abundances of solar analogues

We have analyzed the lithium abundance in the atmospheres of 20 stars that are solar analogues based on high-resolution echelle spectra using model atmospheres in a non-LTE approach. In terms of their lithium abundances, the stars (which are located in a narrow range of temperatures of 5650–5900 K) can be divided into two groups: one with low lithium abundances, as in the solar atmosphere, and one with lithium abundances that are higher than the solar value by about 1 dex (with the accuracy of the lithium abundances being 0.15 dex).     

大兴安岭中生代双峰式火山岩的地球化学特征

大兴安岭中生代火山岩的主要活动时期为晚侏罗世至早白垩世，由碱性系列玄武岩和亚碱性系列玄武岩以及伴生的中酸性火山岩组成。它们与邻区俄罗斯和蒙古同时期火山岩构成面形展布的巨型火山岩带。碱性系列玄武岩高度富集不相容元素，其富集程度类似于板内碱性系列玄武岩，但明显亏损Nb和Ta等高场强元素这一点又类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧钙碱性玄武岩。亚碱性系列玄武岩适度富集不相容元素而强烈亏损高场强元素的特征类似于活动大陆边缘火山弧或岛弧火山岩，其中低钾玄武岩类似于拉斑玄武岩。大兴安岭酸性火山岩根据地球化学特征可划分为高Sr流纹岩类和低Sr流纹岩类。前者富集Ti、Ba、Sr、Co和Ni而贫Rb、Zr和Th等强不相容元素，类似于大陆溢流玄武岩省分异作用形成的流纹岩；后者明显富集不相容元素Rb、Zr和Th而亏损Ti、Ba、Sr和Co，它们与碱性系列玄武岩之间形成类似于大陆裂谷环境的双峰式火山岩组合。亚碱性系列玄武岩与高Sr流纹岩的成因关系类似于大陆伸张环境的双峰式火山岩，但前者形成从基性到酸性的连续演化系列，并没有形成Daly成分间断。这表明大兴安岭火山岩在源区及其原始岩浆的性质上明显区别于世界大陆溢流玄武岩省。也就是说，大陆溢流玄武岩省的双峰模式起源于干岩浆体系，这种岩浆分异形成的中性岩浆由于其教度大于玄武岩、挥发分含量低于流纹岩而未能喷出地表。大兴安岭富含水的原始岩浆使分异形成的中性熔岩被挥发分过饱和，导致中性熔岩的爆炸性喷发。     

火山岩U-Th矿物等时线年龄的新模型及其意义

U-Th矿物等时线法定年适用于小于350ka范围的年轻火山岩。但是,火山岩矿物U-Th同位素比值不仅反映了火山的喷发年龄,而且受到岩浆房过程和结晶分异过程时间尺度的影响,在一些研究中,出现了等时线年龄(表面年龄)比实际火山喷发年龄偏老的问题,这种现象为研究岩浆房滞留时间和矿物结晶分异时间尺度问题提供了很好的条件。长期以来,国际上不乏此类研究,但迄今为止,还没有准确、实用的数值模型来描述结晶分异过程对矿物等时线年龄的影响,更无从谈起合理的计算方程。本文以一个简化的晶体生长模型(岩浆房U-Th同位素初始比值保持不变;不考虑可能的熔蚀和结晶间断;矿物的结晶速率可以简化表示,例如dV=kt·dt)为例,考察了在晶体生长(结晶分异)条件影响下的U-Th同位素衰变关系: ((~(230)Th)/(~(232)Th))=((~(230)Th)/(~(232)Th))_0·1/(λT_m)·(e~(-λ(T_1-T_m))-e~(-λT_1))+((~(238)U)/(~(232)Th))·1/(λT_m)·(e~(-λT_1)-e~(-λ(T_1-T_m)))]这仍然是一个线性方程,斜率(m)表达了火山岩喷发年龄(T_2)和矿物结晶分异时间(T_m,岩浆房滞留时问)尺度的耦合关系,而不只是喷发年龄,用方程表示为m=1/(λT_m)·(e~(-λ(T_2+T_m))-e~(-λT_2))新的模型表明,等时线出现的一般条件是不同种类的矿物具有相同的结晶历史(包括火山岩喷发年龄和矿物结晶分异的时间尺度),而不是单一的喷发年龄,在大多数年轻火山岩喷发年龄相对表较明确的条件下,我们可以应用该模型估算很多火山的岩浆房滞留时间尺度。把新的模型和方程应用于天池火山的U-Th同位素年代学研究,根据Dunlap(1996)分析测试的数据,天池火山千年大喷发岩浆房滞留时间为100ka左右。这个时间与Dunlap(1996)所估计的时间(60～100ka)的上限一致;值得注意的是,在我们的新模型中,我们认为岩浆房滞留时间和矿物结晶分异时间尺度可能被低估,实际时间应当大于等于这个数值。     

The TiO2 frequency in volcanic rocks

The authoress calculates the frequency of the TiO₂-content in the lavas of the active volcanoes and shows by the aid of a quotient =Al₂O₃ – Na₂O/TiO₂ the pronounced bimodality of the frequency curve from which she concludes that the great variety of the magmas cannot be explained by a magmatic differentiation but only by a double origin of the magmas from the upper mantle and from the sialic crust of the earth.

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Zusammenfassung Die Verfasserin berechnet die Häufigkeit des TiO₂-Gehalts in den Laven der tätigen Vulkane und zeigt vermittelst eines Quotienten =Al₂O₃ – Na₂O/TiO₂ die ausgesprochene Bimodalität der Häufigkeitskurve, woraus sie den Schluß zieht, daß die große Verschiedenheit der Magmen nicht durch eine magmatische Differentiation erklärt werden kann, sondern daß man eine zwiefache Herkunft der Magmen annehmen muß: aus dem oberen Mantel und aus der sialischen Kruste der Erde.

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Résumé L'auteur calcule la fréquence du pourcentage de TiO₂ dans les laves des volcans la bimodalité cans actifs et montre, à 1 aide d un quotient =Al₂O₃ – Na₂O/TiO₂ la bimodalité prononcée des courbes de fréquence, et en tire la conclusion que la grande variété des magmas ne peut pas être expliquée par une différenciation magmatique, mais par l'origine double des magmas: du manteau supérieur et de la crôute sialique de la terre.

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Riassunto L'autrice calcola la frequenza del contenuto in TiO₂ nelle lave dei vulcani attivi e dimostra mediante un quoziente =Al₂O₃ – Na₂O/TiO₂ la pronunziata bimodalità delle curve di frequenza e ne trae la conclusione che la grande varietà dei magmi non è dovuta a differenziazione magmatica ma ad una duplice provenienza: dal mantello superiore e dalla crosta sialica della terra.

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Dedicated to Professor Dr. A.Rittmann on the occasion of his 75. birthday

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This study is a part of the researches, carried out with the funds of the National Research Council of Italy under the direction of Prof. A.Rittmann.     

Strontium isotope studies on young volcanic rocks from Germany and Italy

⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of Tertiary tholeiitic, basalts alkali olivine basalts and olivine nephelinites from Lower Saxony and Hessia and Quaternary leucite-nepheline tephrites from the Laacher See area are similar to those obtained from Hawaii and range from 0.7031 to 0.7054. Three trachytes and one phonolite from the Westerwald and one phonolite from the Laacher See area have higher values (0.7063 to 0.7093). Three Vesuvian lavas, three Somma lavas and two trachytes of the Phlegraic Fields show substantially higher ratios than the comparable basaltic rocks from N.W. Germany (0.7071 to 0.7102). Three peridotite nodules vary between 0.7048 and 0.7081. Three limestone composites of Paleozoic and Mesozoic age show values between 0.7129 and 0.7174.The ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of the trachytes and phonolites from the Westerwald and Laacher See area are probably influenced by crustal material. Assimilation processes of limestones producing the olivine-nephelinites from N.W. Germany seem to be unlikely. A discussion of the origin of the Sr ratios in Vesuvian rocks and of mantle homogeneity is included.     

The systematics of chlorine, fluorine, and water in Izu arc front volcanic rocks: Implications for volatile recycling in subduction zones

We studied the systematics of Cl, F and H₂O in Izu arc front volcanic rocks using basaltic through rhyolitic glass shards and melt inclusions (Izu glasses) from Oligocene to Quaternary distal fallout tephra. These glasses are low-K basalts to rhyolites that are equivalent to the Quaternary lavas of the Izu arc front (Izu VF). Most of the Izu glasses have Cl ∼400-4000 ppm and F ∼70-400 ppm (normal-group glasses). Rare andesitic melt inclusions (halogen-rich andesites; HRA) have very high abundances of Cl (∼6600-8600 ppm) and F (∼780-910 ppm), but their contents of incompatible large ion lithophile elements (LILE) are similar to the normal-group glasses. The preeruptive H₂O of basalt to andesite melt inclusions in plagioclase is estimated to range from ∼2 to ∼10 wt% H₂O. The Izu magmas should be undersaturated in H₂O and the halogens at their preferred levels of crystallization in the middle to lower crust (∼3 to ∼11 kbar, ∼820° to ∼1200°C). A substantial portion of the original H₂O is lost due to degassing during the final ascent to surface. By contrast, halogen loss is minor, except for loss of Cl from siliceous dacitic and rhyolitic compositions. The behavior of Cl, F and H₂O in undegassed melts resembles the fluid mobile LILE (e.g.; K, Rb, Cs, Ba, U, Pb, Li). Most of the Cl (>99%), H₂O (>95%) and F (>53%) in the Izu VF melts appear to originate from the subducting slab. At arc front depths, the slab fluid contains Cl = 0.94 ± 0.25 wt%, F = 990 ± 270 ppm and H₂O = 25 ± 7 wt%. If the subducting sediment and the altered basaltic crust were the only slab sources, then the subducted Cl appears to be almost entirely recycled at the Izu arc (∼77-129%). Conversely, H₂O (∼13-22% recycled at arc) and F (∼4-6% recycled) must be either lost during shallow subduction or retained in the slab to greater depths. If a seawater-impregnated serpentinite layer below the basaltic crust were an additional source of Cl and H₂O, the calculated percentage of Cl and H₂O recycled at arc would be lower. Extrapolating the Izu data to the total length of global arcs (∼37,000 km), the global arc outflux of fluid-recycled Cl and H₂O at subduction zones amounts to Cl ∼2.9-3.8 × 10¹² g/yr and H₂O ∼0.7-1.0 × 10¹⁴ g/yr, respectively—comparable to previous estimates. Further, we obtain a first estimate of global arc outflux of fluid-recycled F of ∼0.3-0.4 × 10¹²g/yr. Despite the inherent uncertainties, our results support models suggesting that the slab becomes strongly depleted in Cl and H₂O in subduction zones. In contrast, much of the subducted F appears to be returned to the deep mantle, implying efficient fractionation of Cl and H₂O from F during the subduction process. However, if slab devolatilization produces slab fluids with high Cl/F (∼9.5), slab melting will still produce components with low Cl/F ratios (∼0.9), similar to those characteristic of the upper continental crust (Cl/F ∼0.3-0.9).     

全球幔源岩Pb-Sr-Nd同位素体系

根据各种同位素数据库得到的3万多个晚古生代以来的幔源岩(包括洋中脊玄武岩、洋岛玄武岩、岛弧火山岩、大陆与大洋溢流玄武岩以及大陆板内玄武岩)Pb-Sr-Nd同位素资料和图解分析,对各类火山岩的源区以及地幔的垂向与横向不均一性问题作了进一步讨论。笔者认为不存在具有公共性质的EM1、EM2和HIMU地幔端员,它们的源区可能来自上、下地幔过渡带,只在局部地区出现,独一无二。PREMA(FOZO)则是洋岛玄武岩和溢流玄武岩公共端员。DUAPAL异常现象不只是在洋中脊玄武岩中出现,在洋岛玄武岩、岛弧火山岩和大洋溢流玄武岩中也存在同步的地球化学分区现象。溢流玄武岩的同位素体系特征表明它们的源区涉及再循环地幔的壳幔混合、岩石圈减压熔融、上—下地幔过渡带和似原始-略亏损的下地幔。Pb同位素体系为鉴别俯冲带的存在提供了更严格的证据,这种鉴别表明,安第斯弧火山作用不是洋陆俯冲带产生的。     

Relations of noble gas abundances to petrogenesis and magmatic evolution of some oceanic basalts and related differentiated volcanic rocks

We report the results of noble gas analyses (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) of a transitional basalt from the East Pacific Rise; a mantle xenolith, alkali basalt and trachyte from Guadalupe Island; and a basalt and icelandite from Isla Tortuga. The results for the East Pacific Rise basalt and comparison with the noble gas compositions of glassy mid-ocean ridge tholeiites indicate that the heavy noble gas patterns of these basalts can be accounted for by mixing of a juvenile reservoir with an atmosphere-related reservoir. This mixing may take place during hydration of the glassy basalts. Comparison of the noble gas compositions of these submarine basalts with those of the subaerial oceanic extrusives studied suggests that subaerial extrusives may provide noble gas samples which are less contaminated with air gases than do submarine extrusives. Our results for Guadalupe and Tortuga basalts and their differentiates provide evidence for the exsolution and loss of a gas (fluid) phase accompanying or subsequent to fractional crystallization at shallow depths. The gas loss probably took place prior to extrusion and was apparently rapid, since it did not fractionate the heavy noble gases.     

Ca-enrichment in olivines from volcanic rocks

Data are presented on the Ca-content of olivines in a range of volcanic rocks from a variety of suites. These include olivine basalts through to trachytes from Gough, St. Helena and Tristan da Cunha Islands; trachytes from central Victoria, Australia, and a leucitite and phonclitic-tephrite series from Bufumbira, Uganda. In olivine crystals from basaltic lavas the Ca- and Mn-contents are low and Fe shows the most significant zoning from core to rim. In Fe-rich olivines from trachytic differentiates Ca and Mn frequently show more significant variation than Fe. While the Mn-content is proportional to the Fe-content of these olivines, Ca-zoning, in many cases, is unrelated to Fe-content. The marked Ca-enrichment in olivines occurs with the absence of plagioclase in the host lavas. The Ca(Al  Na  K) ratio is shown to be related not only to the Ca-content of the olivines in the lava, but may be used to predict olivine stability in evolved compositions.     

Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenesis of Volcanic Rocks as Exemplified by Volcanic Rocks in Ertix,Xinjiang

Volcanic rocks in Ertix,Xinjiang,occurring in the collision zone between the Siberia Plate and the Junggar Plate,are distributed along the Eritix River Valley in northern Xinjiang.The volcanic rocks were dated at Late Paleozoic and can be divided into the spilite-keratophyre series and the basalt-andesite series.The spilite-keratophyre series volcanic rocks occur in the Altay orogenic belt at the southwest margin of the Siberia Plate.In addition to sodic volcanic rocks.There are also associated potassic-sodic volcanic rocks and potassic volcanic rocks.The potassic-sodic volcanic rocks occur at the bottom of the eruption cycle and control the distribution of Pb and Zn deposits.The potassic volcanic rocks occur at the top of the eruption cycle and are associated with Au and Cu mineralizations.The sodic volcanic rocks occur in the middle stage of eruption cycle and control the occurrence of Cu(Zn) deposits.The basalt-andesite series volcanic rocks distributed in the North Junggar orogenic belt at the north margin of the Junggar-Kazakstan Plate belong to the potassic sodic volcain rocks.The volcanic rocks distributed along the Ulungur fault are relatively rich in sodium and poor in potassium and are predominated by Cu mineralization and associated with Au mineralization.Those volcanic rocks distributed along the Ertix fault are relatively rich in K and poor in Na,with Au mineralization being dominant.     

云南腾冲火山岩岩石学特征

腾冲火山岩群是我国著名的新生代火山岩群之一。岩相学特征表明,该火山群为典型的钙碱性系列玄武岩安山岩英安岩弧火山岩组合。它喷发于晚上新世-晚更新世,但这一时期腾冲地区已为大陆板内环境,腾冲弧火山岩的形成至少在俯冲作用停止以后60Ma,属于一种滞后型弧火山。     

Tin distribution in mid-Andean volcanic rocks

Volcanic rocks of the Rhyolite and Andesite Formations from the Central Andes (Chile, Argentina, Bolivia) have been analyzed for tin. Mean values of tin in rhyolitic rocks from Chile and Argentina are about 2 ppm, from the Bolivian Altiplano 3 ppm, and from the Bolivian Eastern Cordillera 4, 5 ppm. This means that an elemental increase of regional scale towards the Bolivian tin province exists.     

铂族元素在地壳、岩石和沉积物中的分布

随着20世纪90年代铂族元素分析测试技术的突破性进展以及大量可靠的岩石和沉积物铂族元素含量分析数据的积累,引用20世纪80年代前发表的有关铂族元素的地壳丰度和岩石、沉积物中的平均含量作为衡量标准已不适宜。根据近15年来获得的大量的有关铂族元素含量的可靠数据,综合给出了铂族元素在地壳、岩石、土壤和沉积物中的丰度。这种对地壳、岩石和沉积物中铂族元素丰度值的新认识,对理论地球化学、勘查地球化学甚至铂族元素矿产勘查工作都具有重要的意义。     

Compositions of immiscible liquids in volcanic rocks

Immiscible liquids, preserved as chemically distinct, glassy globules, (Si-rich and Fe-rich) occur in many tholeiitic basalts and some alkaline and calcalkaline lavas. The glasses typically form part of a dark mesostasis containing skeletal magnetite crystals. In thick flows, the Si-rich liquid may crystallize to granophyric patches, and the Ferich one to aggregates of hedenbergite, magnetite, and accessory phases. The mesostases containing these immiscible phases constitute from 20% of a primitive olivine tholeiite (MgO=7.5%) to 50% of a highly fractionated quartz tholeiite (MgO=2.8%), but may be less if the rock is oxidized. Abundant ferric iron promotes early crystallization of magnetite and prevents the iron enrichment necessary to reach the immiscibility field; thus, aa flows rarely exhibit immiscibility, whereas the more reduced pahoehoe ones do.Alumina and alkalis are concentrated in the Si-rich liquid, whereas the remainder of the major elements are concentrated in the Fe-rich melt; but the partitioning of Fe, Mg, Ca, and P is less pronounced in alkaline rocks than in tholeiites. Conjugate liquids have compositions of granite and Fe-rich pyroxenite, though the Si-rich melt in alkaline rocks is more syenitic and the Fe-rich one contains considerable normative alkali feldspar. The liquids coexist with plagioclase and augite of, respectively, An₅₀ and Ca₃₄Mg₁₉Fe₄₇ compositions in tholeiites, and An₄₀ and Ca₄₂Mg₂₉Fe₂₉ in alkaline rocks. Immiscibility is not restricted to K-rich residual liquids, but the miscibility gap is narrower for Na-rich compositions. In tholeiitic basalts with 52% SiO₂, the Na₂O/K₂O ratios in conjugate liquids are equal, but at lower silica contents the Si-rich liquid is relatively more sodic, whereas at higher silica contents it is relatively more potassic. This may explain the association of sodic granites with mid ocean ridge basalts.Immiscible liquids are present in sufficient amounts in so many volcanic rocks that magma unmixing should be considered a viable means of differentiation during the late stages of fractionation of common magmas, at least at low pressures.     

Strontium isotope and alkali element abundances in ultramafic rocks

The concentrations of the trace elements Na, K, Rb and Sr and the isotopic composition of Sr have been measured in a suite of ultramafic rocks, including alpine-type intrusions, inclusions in basalts and kimberlite pipes, zones from stratiform sheets, and a mica peridotite. From these data and those available in the literature the following conclusions can be drawn. Alpine-type ultramafic material appears to be residual in nature and can be neither the source material for the derivation of basalts nor the refractory residue of modern basalts. Alpine-type ultramafic intrusions appear to have no relationship with ultramafic zones in stratiform sheets and were probably derived from the upper mantle. A genetic relationship exists between basalts and their ultramafic inclusions, but it is extremely doubtful that this inclusion material could give rise to basalts by partial fusion. There is a possible genetic relationship between basalts and ultramafic inclusions in kimberlite pipes, and this ultramafic material is a potential source for the derivation of basalts. Ultramafic inclusions in basalts are probably not fragments of an alpine-type ultramafic zone in the mantle. An attempt has been made to synthesize the data and interpretations of this study by way of speculations on the role of ultramafic rocks in the differentiation history of the earth.     

Temporal variation of isotope and rare earth element abundances in volcanic rocks from Guam: implications for the evolution of the Mariana Arc

Volcanic rocks exposed on Guam were erupted during the Late Middle Eocene (Facpi Fm.), Late Eocene-Oligocene (Alutom Fm.) and Miocene (Umatac Fm.). Four magma series are recognized: the boninite series (44 m.y.b.p.), the tholeiite and calc-alkaline series, which were erupted along with boninite series lavas at 32–36 m.y.b.p. and high-K lavas of the Umatac Fm. (14 m.y.b.p.). Isotope and and rare earth element (REE) characteristics of the four magma series are distinct. Boninite series lavas have U-shaped REE patterns, relatively low ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (0.51294–0.51298), and high ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (19.0–19.2). Tholeiite series lavas are LREE (light REE) depleted, and have high ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (0.51304–0.51306) and low ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb (18.4–18.5). Calc-alkaline series lavas have Sr, Nd and Pb isotope ratios similar to tholeiite series lavas, but flat to U-shaped REE patterns. Umatac Fm. lavas are strongly LREE-enriched, and have higher ⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr (0.70375–0.70380) and ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb relative to ²⁰⁶Pb/ ²⁰⁴Pb than Facpi and Alutom Fm. lavas. Boninite and tholeiite series magmas, erupted in the position of the Palau-Kyushu Ridge, were probably derived from distinct mantle sources having OIB and N-MORB-like isotopic characteristics, together with fluids derived from subducted Pacific plate basalt. Calc-alkaline series lavas were most likely derived from the tholeiite series by extensive crystal fractionation, wallrock contamination and magma mixing. Lavas of the Umatac Fm., erupted in the position of the West Mariana Ridge, may include up to 2–3% subducted sediment, similar to some active Mariana arc lavas.     

山东中生代火山岩年代学研究

山东中生代火山岩年代学研究与中国东部许多重大地质问题有直接联系.本次在胶莱盆地标准剖面系统采集了青山群各组的火山岩样品,在安丘大盛群标准剖面采集田家楼组火山岩样品,同时还采集了淄博、蒙阴、莒县等地火山岩样品,进行K-Ar法年龄测定,获得青山群火山岩年龄大致在118-93Ma之间,对应于白垩纪中上部.其中,后夼组始于约117Ma,属于阿普特阶;八亩地组109～103Ma,属于阿尔布阶;石前庄组103.7～93.3Ma,位于阿尔布阶上部至赛诺曼阶,其底部与八亩地组顶部相当,可能两个组之间没有明显的间断;方戈庄组始于93.3Ma,属于上白垩统的土仑阶.鲁东莱阳盆地的八亩地组和鲁西蒙阴八亩地组火山岩年龄基本一致,说明鲁东和鲁西尽管有岩性差异,但同层位火山岩的喷发时间大致相同.大盛群田家楼组下部火山岩年龄95Ma,与石前庄组上部层位相当,说明大盛群与青山群为交叉对应关系.淄博群坊子组中的火山岩年龄120.1Ma和105.7Ma,山东可能不存在侏罗纪火山岩.