基于ANSYS的斜拉桥静风稳定性及 脉动风抖振分析

以大连长山大桥为工程背景,基于ANSYS有限元软件,提出一个斜拉桥抗风分析方法。首先建立主桥段有限元模型,基于流体计算软件CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)得到主要梁段截面三分力系数,通过MATLAB生成Davenport脉动风速时程曲线。然后基于ANSYS二次开发功能,编制以增量法和内外迭代法为基础的非线性静风稳定性分析和以Davenport风速谱为基础的脉动风抖振分析程序。结果表明:该桥静风失稳风速为125 m/s,远大于设计风速35. 2 m/s;在随时间变化的脉动风作用下横桥向振幅最大;在相同基本风速下,脉动风作用产生的位移明显大于静风作用,特别是横桥向和转角位移。该分析结果可为以后斜拉桥抗风设计提供参考。     

广州新光大桥良态及台风气候抖振试验研究

采用Monte-Carlo台风随机模拟算法模拟台风风场特性并根据风荷载规范良态气候风环境参数建议的取值,在大气边界层风洞中利用被动紊流发生装置再现了广州新光大桥桥位处良态和台风两类气候模式风环境特征,详细比较了两类风环境新光大桥施工和运营状态、设计风速等因素对于新光大桥跨中主梁、主拱肋和施工塔架风致抖振响应的差异,初步解释了抖振响应差别的主要原因。     

桥梁的多点激振效应和非线性作用

推导了考虑大应变大位移的几何非线性有限元列式。通过影响矩阵讨论桥梁在多点激振下的非线性地震响应，并用算例比较一致输入和多点激振下的线性和非线性响应，讨论地震动输入方式和结构参数对地震响应的影响。由分析结果可知非线性和多点激振对结构响应影响较大，多点激振的影响随结构形式和尺寸的不同而不同。     

钢筋混凝土桥墩非线性地震反应分析

采用Takeda滞回曲线模型,对三个不同周期的桥墩,分别输入多条具有相同反应谱的地震波,计算了桥墩的线性和非线性时程响应,通过比较线性和非线性最大地震位移响应发现,在这些地震波作用下,虽然线性位移响应最大值基本相同,但非线性位移响应最大值差别很大。     

基于风速时程的体育场挑篷结构风振响应分析

依据自回归(AR)法,确立了考虑风速时程空间相关性的模拟方法,并利用Matlab语言编制了相应的程序。基于上述方法,模拟了某体育场挑篷结构的风速时程,并对所得风速时程离散值进行数理统计分析,结果表明模拟谱与目标谱吻合较好。根据结构风振响应分析的需要,将模拟风速转变为风荷载对结构进行时程分析,获得了结构风振响应,为结构抗风设计提供依据。计算表明,基于风速时程的结构风振响应分析方法可有效分析体育场挑篷的风振响应。     

节点刚度变化下角钢塔静力和风振响应分析

使用有限元分析软件ANSYS,研究节点刚度对自立式角钢塔结构静力性能和风振响应的影响,主要研究内容有:采用线性滤波法中自回归AR模型和MATLAB编程模拟了脉动风速时程;建立考虑节点刚度的角钢塔模型,研究了静力和风振作用下节点刚度对结构内力和位移的影响。分析结果表明:节点刚度对角钢塔的静力性能和风振响应影响显著。     

应用大型TMD抑制崖门大桥RC桥塔的抖振响应

崖门大桥是一座两个独柱桥塔单索面预应力混凝土斜拉桥，桥塔在独立状态气动弹模型风洞试验结果表明，在横桥向施工设计风速作用下需要对桥塔的抖振响应进行控制。本文就TMD对抖振控制的理论分析，TMD优化参数以及抑振倍率进行了推导，设计安装了以粘性剪切阻尼器（VSD）为耗能机构的被动式动力减振装置。通过现场实测，风洞试验及理论分析，三者十分吻合。3     

大跨度斜拉桥阻尼器参数分析

以某大跨度斜拉桥实际工程为依托,研究大跨度斜拉桥线性粘滞阻尼器参数的不同选取对该桥抗震性能的影响。通过线性动力时程分析对线性粘滞阻尼器在大跨度斜拉桥中阻尼系数C进行参数敏感性分析,并与该桥在未设置线性粘滞阻尼器状态下的地震响应进行比较分析。结果表明:斜拉桥纵向设置粘滞阻尼器后,通过调节粘滞阻尼器的参数能有效降低结构在地震作用下关键部位的相对位移;可以有效的控制大跨度斜拉桥纵向位移,但是在高频区,竖向位移放大约为23%;同时也改善了结构构件的地震力响应并为同类工程粘滞阻尼器应用中的参数研究提供参考。     

地震和风耦合作用下上海中心大厦结构易损性研究

随着城市人口的增加,越来越多的超高层建筑在中国各大城市涌现,在其全寿命周期内不可避免的会遭受风甚至地震等多灾害的作用。以上海中心大厦为分析模型,根据其场地条件,采用Benowitez在2015年提出的1种基于随机波的模型方法模拟不同高度处具有空间相关性的脉动风荷载时程。通过对Perform 3D有限元软件建立的上海中心大厦模型进行非线性动力时程分析,研究地震和风耦合作用下对于结构性能的影响,并基于多灾害需求生成结构在地震和风耦合作用下的易损性曲面来研究结构的抗振可靠度。结果表明:结构的响应和易损性随着风速和PGA的增大而显著增大;随着风速的增大结构的响应和易损性均有增大的趋势,但随着地震动的增大,风荷载对结构响应和易损性影响逐步减小。     

基于桥梁抖振分析的自激力计算方法

抖振是桥梁在风荷载作用下的一种经常性的限幅振动。对于长大跨度桥梁在计算其抖振响应时不得不考虑自激力的影响，而自激力的计算方法不一，且其计算过程复杂，繁琐。本文根据抖振计算理论，研究一种自激力的实用计算方法，并对军山斜拉桥进行自激力计算。     

Non-linear buffeting response analysis of long-span suspension bridges with central buckle

The rigid central buckle employed in the Runyang Suspension Bridge (RSB) was the first time it was used in a suspension bridge in China. By using a spectral representation method and FFT technique combined with measured data,a 3D fluctuating wind field considering the tower wind effect is simulated. A novel FE model for buffeting analysis is then presented,in which a specific user-defined Matrix27 element in ANSYS is employed to simulate the aeroelastic forces and its stiffness or damping matrices are parameterized by wind velocity and vibration frequency. A nonlinear time history analysis is carried out to study the influence of the rigid central buckle on the wind-induced buffeting response of a long-span suspension bridge. The results can be used as a reference for wind resistance design of long-span suspension bridges with a rigid central buckle in the future.     

Running safety analysis of a train on the Tsing Ma Bridge under turbulent winds

The dynamic responses of the Tsing Ma suspension bridge and the running behaviors of trains on the bridge under turbulent wind actions are analyzed by a three-dimensional wind-train-bridge interaction model. This model consists of a spatial finite element bridge model, a train model composed of eight 4-axle identical coaches of 27 degrees-of-freedom, and a turbulent wind model. The fluctuating wind forces, including the buffeting forces and the self-excited forces, act on the bridge only, since the train runs inside the bridge deck. The dynamic responses of the bridge are calculated and some results are compared with data measured from Typhoon York. The runnability of the train passing through the Tsing Ma suspension bridge at different speeds is researched under turbulent winds with different wind velocities. Then, the threshold curve of wind velocity for ensuring the running safety of the train in the bridge deck is proposed, from which the allowable train speed at different wind velocities can be determined. The numerical results show that rail traffic on the Tsing Ma suspension bridge should be closed as the mean wind velocity reaches 30 m/s.     

Wind-induced vibration control of bridges using liquid column damper

The potential application of tuned liquid column damper (TLCD) for suppressing wind-induced vibration of long span bridges is explored in this paper. By installing the TLCD in the bridge deck, a mathematical model for the bridge-TLCD system is established. The governing equations of the system are developed by considering all three displacement components of the deck in vertical, lateral, and torsional vibrations, in which the interactions between the bridge deck, the TLCD, the aeroelastic forces, and the aerodynamic forces are fully reflected. Both buffeting and flutter analyses are carried out. The buffeting analysis is performed through random vibration approach, and a critical flutter condition is identified from flutter analysis. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the control effectiveness of the damper and it is shown that the TLCD can be an effective device for suppressing wind-induced vibration of long span bridges, either for reducing the buffeting response or increasing the critical flutter wind velocity of the bridge.     

Influence of structural parameters on dynamic characteristics and wind-induced buffeting responses of a super-long-span cable-stayed bridge

A 3D finite element (FE) model for the Sutong cable-stayed bridge (SCB) is established based on ANSYS. The dynamic characteristics of the bridge are analyzed using a subspace iteration method. Based on recorded wind data, the measured spectra expression is presented using the nonlinear least-squares regression method. Turbulent winds at the bridge site are simulated based on the spectral representation method and the FFT technique. The influence of some key structural parameters and measures on the dynamic characteristics of the bridge are investigated. These parameters include dead load intensity, as well as vertical, lateral and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder. In addition, the influence of elastic stiffness of the connection device employed between the towers and the girder on the vibration mode of the steel box girder is investigated. The analysis shows that all of the vertical, lateral and torsional buffeting displacement responses reduce gradually as the dead load intensity increases. The dynamic characteristics and the structural buffeting displacement response of the SCB are only slightly affected by the vertical and torsional stiffness of the steel box girder, and the lateral and torsional buffeting displacement responses reduce gradually as the lateral stiffness increases. These results provide a reference for dynamic analysis and design of super-long-span cable-stayed bridges.     

Rayleigh 阻尼作用下斜拉桥扭转振动

在侧向风力或侧向水平地源力作用下,斜拉桥容易发生扭转振动。本文采用非线性Rayleigh阴尼,它能反映在低速振动时有激发而加速振动,至一定高速后又衰减的完整振动过程。对非线性的统辖方程及定解条件,先使之无量纲化,再按非线性项的系数这个小参数展开未知函数,得到线性化的各级近似方程。把待求函数展成梁轴坐标的Fourier级数,其系数为待定的时间函数,应用Fourier级数的正交性,得到求解未知时间函数的二阶常微分方程,完全类似单自由度质点在线性粘滞性阻尼作用下的统辖方程,其解为已知。     

Self-organization of IGW structures in an inhomogeneous ionosphere: 2. Nonlinear vortex structures

The generation and further nonlinear dynamics of internal gravity wave (IGW) structures in a dissipative ionosphere in the presence of an inhomogeneous zonal wind (shear flow) have been studied. The effectiveness of the IGW amplification mechanism during the interaction with an inhomogeneous zonal wind is analyzed based on the corresponding model system of nonlinear dynamic equations constructed in (Aburjania et al., 2013). It has been indicated that IGWs effectively obtain the shear flow energy at the initial linear evolution stage and substantially (by an order of magnitude) increase their amplitude and, correspondingly, energy. The nonlinear self-localization mechanism starts operating with increasing amplitude, and the process terminates with the self-organization of nonlinear solitary strongly localized vortex structures. A new degree of system freedom and the disturbance evolution trend in a medium with a shear flow appear in such a way. Nonlinear IGW structures can be a purely monopoly vortex, a transverse vortex chain, and/or a longitudinal vortex path against the background of an inhomogeneous zonal wind, depending on the shear flow velocity profile. The accumulation of such vortices in the ionospheric medium can generate a strongly turbulent state.     

苏通大桥南引桥场地土层地震反应的数值分析

针对苏通引桥建设的实际背景和软弱地基的特点,利用二维有限元整体分析法,对其场地进行了地震反应数值分析。采用等效线性化模型描述土的非线性性质,研究了基岩在一致输入及采用不同行波输入下的场地地震反应特点。计算结果表明,不同的行波速度和行波输入方向,对地表加速度以及相对位移的峰值和相位均有不同程度的影响,对于重要结构来说进行多点地震波输入下的地震反应分析,有助于科学合理地确定结构的地震动输入模式。     

提高斜拉索索力估算精度的方法

振动法是测量实际索力的首选方法,但其测试精度会受到外界环境因素如温度、风和桥面对拉索作用等的影响。本文围绕如何将外界环境因素的影响降至最小,从测量时机的选取、数据处理方法的选择等方面,综合运用随机振动、风工程、非线性和误差分析理论,提出了提高拉索索力估算精度的实用改进方法,得出了一些有意义的结论。并通过哈尔滨松花江斜拉桥实例进行验证对比,结果表明,该方法具有较高的精度。