GPS-RTK在农村宅基地调查中的运用及质量控制

以镇江市丹徒区农村宅基地调查项目为例,分析了影响GPSRTK测点平面精度和可靠性的因素,并提出了RTK测点质量控制的措施。指出GPSRTK测量必须提高可靠性,只要多检验,多比较,特别是和已有控制点的比较检验,就能提高可靠性。     

RTK测量技术在基础控制测量的应用与体会

本文结合某测区GPS静态测量和GPS—RTK代替一级导线的对比,对提高GPS—RTK定位的精度、可靠性进行分析,认为只要采取一定的措施,GPS—RTK技术代替一级导线测量时能够满足点位精度和可靠性要求。     

网络RTK测量成果质量控制方法的研究

随着GPS技术、计算机技术、网络技术的发展,网络RTK技术得到快速的发展和应用。介绍了网络RTK定位的质量控制的重要性．影响网络RTK定位结果的因素．质量控制的方法等内容。通过全面的质量保证措施,能够得到稳定、可靠的、实时高精度定位成果。     

GPS RTK技术及其在管线勘控中的应用

针对GPS RTK技术应用中的工作条件、数据链传输、误差特性及质量控制等问题,结合管线勘控测量的作业特点,提出了提高RTK作业精度若干方法.     

GPS快速静态法在地质工程测量中的应用研究

在RTK GPS(动态GPS)测量有困难的地区,使用GPS静态测量方法,但效率太低,使用GPS快速静态测量方法,既克服了RTK GPS(动态GPS)在地质工程测量中的局限性,也弥补了GPS静态测量方法速度慢的不足,值得推广.     

GPS RTK在工程测量中的应用

介绍了GPS RTK技术的基本特点,说明了GPS RTK作为一种高科技的三维测量工具在工程测量方面所具有的优越性及应用的广泛性。结合城市道路改造中的实践,阐述了该技术在工程测量中的基本应用步骤。为更好地利用GPS RTK技术,提高工程测量精度和作业效率提供参考。     

浅谈GPS静态相对定位与PTK定位在煤田勘探中的应用

分析实时GPS误差的来源,并用RTK测量技术来检核GPS静态相对定位所测设的E级控制点,对其测量精度做出相应的比较分析,阐述GPS静态相对定位和RTK定位技术在煤田勘探测量中的应用.     

GPS RTK在公路测量中的应用实践

GPS RTK定位技术测量精度高、测站间无需通视、操作简单,在测量领域有着广泛的应用。本文结合工程实例介绍了利用GPS RTK技术进行公路测量的方法及建议。     

GPS在南水北调工程测量中的应用

GPS和RTK已是非常成熟的测量技术,在长跨度的带状测区中将二者结合,利用GPS的静态定位技术进行首级控制,用RTK技术进行断面基桩放样及施测,在南水北调东线一期鲁北段的5标段断面复测中得到很好应用,实践表明E级GPS网二维约束平差精度远优于规范要求,RTK测量成果,经用多种常规测量手段检查后,其精度较高。GPS和RTK相结合的关键技术是整周模糊度的确定,差分数据的传输,坐标转换参数的未定三个方面。RTK作业距离受卫星状况、天气状况、数据传输状况等影响,应使各点与基准站电台准"电磁波通视"。     

GPS RTK在地质工程测量中的应用

1 GPS RTK测量技术简介 GPS RTK即实时动态卫星全球定位技术的简称,它是通过一台基准站和若干台移动站组成的测量系统,基准站和移动站之间使用无线数据链进行连接.     

浅谈手持GPS在地质矿区勘查中的应用

手持GPS未经参数校正时定位精度为80~120 m,利用测量控制点进行参数校正后定位精度可提高至5 m以内,在地质勘查中熟练运用手持GPS将大大提高野外工作效率。     

GPS satellite and receiver instrumental biases estimation using least squares method for accurate ionosphere modelling

The positional accuracy of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is limited due to several error sources. The major error is ionosphere. By augmenting the GPS, the Category I (CAT I) Precision Approach (PA) requirements can be achieved. The Space-Based Augmentation System (SBAS) in India is known as GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN). One of the prominent errors in GAGAN that limits the positional accuracy is instrumental biases. Calibration of these biases is particularly important in achieving the CAT I PA landings. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to estimate the instrumental biases by modelling the TEC using 4th order polynomial. The algorithm uses values corresponding to a single station for one month period and the results confirm the validity of the algorithm. The experimental results indicate that the estimation precision of the satellite-plus-receiver instrumental bias is of the order of ±0.17 nsec. The observed mean bias error is of the order −3.638 nsec and −4.71 nsec for satellite 1 and 31 respectively. It is found that results are consistent over the period.     

The National Geodetic Survey project “POLARIS”

The National Geodetic Survey (N.G.S.) of the National Ocean Survey has undertaken a new project called POLar-motion Analysis by Radio Interferometric Surveying (POLA-RIS). The premier goal of the project is to establish a fully operational polar motion monitoring network, with a spatial resolution and accuracy of 10 cm and a temporal resolution of 24 hours. The new network will utilize radio interferometric techniques. The fixed POLARIS observatories may also serve as base stations to be used in conjunction with small-aperture, 3–10-m, mobile units for positional surveys for geodetic and geo-dynamic applications. The N.G.S. plans to cooperate fully with other governmental organizations having related responsibilities and interest in polar motion, earth rotation and geodynamics [e.g., National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States Geological Survey (U.S.G.S.), United States Naval Observatory (U.S.N.O.)] as well as academic and private researchers.     

A new 3D laser-scanning and GPS combined measurement system

Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is widely used because of its ability to quickly acquire high-density and high-precision 3D image and topographic data. However, it can only acquire independent coordinate system points, which restricts its application in large-scale deformation monitoring. In this study, we constructed a measurement system to acquire global coordinate point cloud data by combining TLS and GPS (Global Positioning System). The coordinate values of retro-reflective targets could be acquired in different coordinate systems, the GPS coordinate and the TLS station coordinate, synchronously. Our experiments showed that, after registration with the homonymy points acquired by 30-min short-baseline differential GPS using the ICP algorithm, the positional accuracy of the TLS retro-reflective target center in the global coordinate was better than 10 mm. This high precision meets, for instance, the requirements of coal mining subsidence monitoring. We used our new combined measurement system to acquire and process the point cloud data of a frame structure. The measurements demonstrated the practicability and robustness of the new measurement system.     

Hargreaves公式的全局校正及适用性评价

Hargreaves公式是计算参考作物腾发量(ET<,0>)最为简便的经验公式之一,但目前对于该公式在不同气候类型区域的适用性及误差影响因素尚缺乏系统评价.在月时间尺度上,以Penman-Monteith公式计算的ET<,0>为基准值,利用洗牌复合形进化算法(SCE-UA),在中国105个气象站对Hargreaves公...     

山东省文登市西院下金矿成矿规律及深部矿体定位预测

在地质工作的基础上,运用计算方法,深入剖析西院下金矿床的地质特征,总结控矿和成矿规律,对金矿深部进行了矿体定位预测,指出探矿方向,并设计了相应的验证工程。     

An interpretation of the structures of α- and β-quartz based on coulomb repulsion forces

A procedure is described which allows optimisation of the positional parameters of like ions (cations or anions, respectively) under the influence of repulsive Coulomb forces. The structure is regarded as being composed of subsets for which the Coulomb energy is particularly low. Each assignment of ions to subsets allows derivation of a model with individual symmetry and parameters. Because the structure is only partly ionic and other forces than Coulomb repulsion are ignored, the positional parameters are different from the actual values of the structure. Despite the simplified treatment, there are discussions of the relative lengths of SiO bonds, the cation ordering in the quartz-like structure AlPO₄, the pressure dependence of α-quartz and the symmetry of the quartz variants. For oxygen in quartz, 3 models are obtained with the symmetry of α-quartz and one with the symmetry of β-quartz. For Si, only one model is obtained which has more similarity with α- than with β-quartz. The α-β transformation is attributed to the various kinds of optimisation of Coulomb energy of oxygen.     

3S技术在煤矿区开发现状及环境监测中的应用

介绍了运用遥感技术不同时期的信息源发现监测目标信息、运用全球定位系统技术确定目标区位、运用地理信息系统技术作为信息处理的平台与框架,进行遥感专题数据与规划数据叠加,以及在矿山开发及环境调查与监测中的应用,并构建了“3S”技术在煤矿区开发现状及环境调查与监测中应用的集成模式,为客观评价矿产资源规划落实情况,快速查明矿区生态环境现状、灾害地质及环境治理工程效果提供了一种有效的途径,对维护矿业秩序以及综合整治矿区环境具有重要的意义。      

贵州瓮福磷矿床含磷岩系沉积层序的划分

应用层序地层学的概念和方法,从沉积特征研究入手,对该区的含磷岩系——洋水组划分出5个沉积层序(旋回),结合层序界面及层序的归纳描述,确定了层序类型,并认为洋水组是一套海进体系域中由一系列低级别退积型沉积层序(旋回)组成的高级层序(Ⅰ级))。     

Water ordering and surface relaxations at the hematite (1 1 0)-water interface

Structural characterization of iron oxide-water interfaces provides insight into the mechanisms through which these minerals control contaminant fate and element cycling in soil, sedimentary, and groundwater systems. Ordering of interfacial water and structural relaxations at the hematite (1 1 0) surface have been investigated in situ using high-resolution specular X-ray reflectivity. These measurements demonstrate that relaxations are constrained to primarily the top ∼5 Å of the surface. Near-surface iron atoms do not relax substantially, although the uppermost layer displays an increased distribution width, while the undercoordinated oxygens on the surface uniformly relaxed outward. Two sites of adsorbed water and additional layering of water farther from the surface were observed. Water fully covers the (1 1 0) surface and appears to form a continuous network extending into bulk solution, with positional order decreasing to that of a disordered bulk fluid within 1 nm. The arrangement of water is similar to that on the hematite (0 1 2) surface, which has a similar surface topography, although these surfaces display different vibrational amplitudes or positional disorder of adsorbed water molecules and average spacings of near-surface layered water. Comparison between these surfaces suggests that interfacial water ordering on hematite is controlled primarily by surface structure and steric constraints and that highly ordered water is likely common to most hematite-water interfaces.