野外找点工作中GPS手持机坐标转换参数的一种简易设置方法

本研究首先对GPS手持机的坐标转换参数进行简单设置,在找到3到4个已知点的过程中,反复调整期其参数,使其不断逼近真实参数,在吉林省长岭县测区找点工作中发挥了一定的作用。     

利用宽谱系岩墙群进行靶区定位的数值方法——以新疆南阿拉套山为例

本文介绍一种利用宽谱系岩墙群的空间展布特征进行靶区定位的数值方法.基于透岩浆流体成矿理论,岩浆-屏蔽层强相互作用过程中将涌现最大主压应力分布在竖直方向的近场应力场.在这种条件下,屏蔽层中的裂隙系统不同于传统矿田构造学描述的裂隙系统.依岩浆上升速率及屏蔽层岩石学结构和力学性质变化,屏蔽层中可出现不同类型的同成矿裂隙系统,后者往往被成矿期的脉岩充填.由于应力中心的作用力强度大于远离应力中心的部位,自生长裂隙和先存裂隙的密度呈现规律性的空间变化.这种变化控制了含矿流体的运动学特征.因此,可以将岩墙密度和延伸方向数作为定量化指标揭示含矿流体大规模聚集的空间位置,后者也是成矿作用的潜在发生部位.用滑动平均法绘制岩墙分布密度图和岩墙延伸方向密度图,将极密区作为有利找矿靶区,分析结果与地质学方法的预测结果高度相似.因此,可以认为本文提供的靶区圈定方法是一种简便有效的方法.     

A new computational strategy for solving two‐phase flow in strongly heterogeneous poroelastic media of evolving scales

We develop a new computational methodology for solving two‐phase flow in highly heterogeneous porous media incorporating geomechanical coupling subject to uncertainty in the poromechanical parameters. Within the framework of a staggered‐in‐time coupling algorithm, the numerical method proposed herein relies on a Petrov–Galerkin postprocessing approach projected on the Raviart–Thomas space to compute the Darcy velocity of the mixture in conjunction with a locally conservative higher order finite volume discretization of the nonlinear transport equation for the saturation and an operator splitting procedure based on the difference in the time‐scales of transport and geomechanics to compute the effects of transient porosity upon saturation. Notable features of the numerical modeling proposed herein are the local conservation properties inherited by the discrete fluxes that are crucial to correctly capture the fingering patterns arising from the interaction between heterogeneity and nonlinear viscous coupling. Water flooding in a poroelastic formation subject to an overburden is simulated with the geology characterized by multiscale self‐similar permeability and Young modulus random fields with power‐law covariance structure. Statistical moments of the poromechanical unknowns are computed within the framework of a high‐resolution Monte Carlo method. Numerical results illustrate the necessity of adopting locally conservative schemes to obtain reliable predictions of secondary recovery and finger growth in strongly heterogeneous deformable reservoirs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new potential function for the calculation of contact forces in the combined finite–discrete element method

Although the potential contact force proposed by Munjiza overcomes the difficulties inherent in the traditional discrete element methods, the physical meaning of the potential is not clear and the contact force derived from the original potential function is strongly dependent on the mesh configuration. In this study, we redefine a potential function and propose a new contact force calculation method based on a unified standard. Moreover, the new potential function retains all the advantages of the original potential function but has less mesh dependency. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

红层地区城市地下空间膏盐富集层探测新方法——以成都市国际生物城为例

含膏盐岩体是红层地区城市地下空间利用过程中常见的不良地质体。提前获知基岩内膏盐富集地层的埋深及空间展布规律,对城市地下空间资源的开发利用以及地基承载力、持力层、基础选型等参数的确定具有重要的参考意义。本文以成都市天府新区国际生物城为研究区,选择了一种快速、无损、抗干扰能力强的全新瞬变电磁法——等值反磁通瞬变电磁法（OCTEM）,对白垩系灌口组红层内膏盐富集层进行探测研究。首先根据研究区内不同地层的电阻率特征,建立了三层、四层、五层3种地电模型,分别进行OCTEM正演响应分析,结果表明该方法能够有效地识别出与围岩电阻率差异明显的膏盐富集层;然后对2 km²的试验区开展了网度为100 m×10 m的实测扫面工作,通过反演计算建立了研究区200 m以浅的三维电性结构,结合钻孔结果综合验证与分析,成功推断出膏盐富集层的空间展布形态,证明了该方法对红层地区城市地下空间膏盐富集层探测的有效性。     

A new development of the scaled boundary finite element method for wave motion in layered half-space

The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) developed by Wolf and Song has shown certain parallels to the finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM). Because of its semi-analytical nature, SBFEM is particularly suitable for the analysis of wave propagation in unbounded domains. This paper makes a certain modification of the standard SBFEM. A new idea of scaling surface instead of a scaling center is introduced to formulate the governing SBFE equations for the analysis of wave propagation in multilayered half-space, which leads to simplifying the modeling and saving considerably the computational effort. In addition, by employing the proposed approach, some problems encountered in engineering practice, which are difficult to deal with by the conventional SBFEM, for example, 3D foundation impedance on half-space with irregular geographical features, can be effectively solved. The proposed approach also helps to simplify the solution of shell structures. Numerical examples are provided to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach.     

山东黄河下游区土壤微量元素地质背景与人为叠加影响的识别方法

准确识别土壤异常元素的成因和来源,识别其地质背景来源与人为污染的叠加量,可以为土壤污染评价与地球化学预警提供重要依据。利用山东省黄河沿岸土壤剖面的测量资料,根据土壤常量组分对微量元素含量具有决定性制约作用的特点,建立了利用土壤常量组分含量预测微量元素背景含量的数学方法,依据实测值和预测理论值可以定量地评价土壤人为叠加量,是评价土壤污染程度的途径之一。     

山东黄河下游区土壤微量元素地质背景与人为叠加影响的识别方法

准确识别土壤异常元素的成因和来源,识别其地质背景来源与人为污染的叠加量,可以为土壤污染评价与地球化学预警提供重要依据。利用山东省黄河沿岸土壤剖面的测量资料,根据土壤常量组分对微量元素含量具有决定性制约作用的特点,建立了利用土壤常量组分含量预测微量元素背景含量的数学方法,依据实测值和预测理论值可以定量地评价土壤人为叠加量,是评价土壤污染程度的途径之一。