湖北太白湖孢粉记录揭示的近1500年以来长江中下游地区的气候变化与人类活动

太白湖TN1孔总长153cm岩芯的孢粉组合与炭屑指标,揭示了近1500年以来太白湖流域的植被经历了7个阶段的变化,对引起植被发生这种变化的主导冈素探讨认为,520-1310AD期间,植被变化主要受气候变化的控制,人类活动的影响相对较弱;1310-1710AD期间,人类活动对植被的影响强度增加,为以自然控制为主向人类活动驱动为主转化的过渡期:1710AD以来,植被变化以人类活动驱动为主,反映的气候信号相对较弱.在孢粉组合所反映的气候变化中,具有520-720AD、1050-1310AD和自1950AD以来的三个暖期和720-1050AD、1310-1710AD期间的两个冷期.     

陕西红碱淖近百年来的孢粉记录及环境变化

通过孢粉分析,对陕西红碱淖地区近百年来的环境演化进行了探讨,对比钻孔岩性特征、历史记载和器测资料,验证了孢粉记录在短尺度的高分辨率环境变化研究中的有效性.研究表明,1927年以前,红碱淖地区气候非常干旱,不具备成湖条件,植被类型为典型荒漠;1927-1938年,干旱程度有所缓和,湖盆洼地开始积水成湖,植被类型为小灌木荒漠草原植被;1938-1960年,气候相对好转,环境开始变湿,红碱淖在此相对较好的气候条件下,积蓄了一定的水量,形成比第二阶段更深些的湖泊,植被类型为灌丛草原;1960年前后环境有较大的变化,孢粉图谱很好地反映了1960年前后人类活动与降水增加叠加后对环境及湖泊的影响.在1960-2000年期间,气候比前几阶段有明显改善,环境湿润,湖泊面积在1960年前后迅速扩大后维持较高湖面.植被为典型草原植被;近几年来,湖区环境又开始相对转干,植被发育为以藜科为主的草原植被.     

中国东部沙漠/沙地全新世地层序列及其古环境

通过对比中国东部沙漠/沙地典型地层序列的年代和古环境代用指标,文章揭示了中国东部沙漠-沙地全新世以来的地表环境变化特征及其对古气候变化的响应.风沙-古土壤沉积序列中一系列的古环境代用指标和光释光测年数据显示:(1)库布齐沙漠大规模现代沙丘景观形成于全新世时期;并在4~2ka期间普遍发育古土壤,指示了该时段区域降水量或有效湿度增加并促进了植被生长,风沙活动减弱,进而导致有机质累积、土壤发育;最近2ka沙丘大规模的扩张除了受自然因素影响,还与人类活动密不可分,丰富的沙源和人类活动共同促成了该沙漠现代景观的形成.(2)浑善达克沙地现代沙丘景观可能形成于12ka左右,而在此之前浑善达克沙地西部应是一个大湖;在9.6~3ka期间,浑善达克沙地比现代明显湿润,普遍发育古土壤,然而风沙活动并未完全停止;全新世湿润期在该沙地可能具有穿时性,沙地东部气候条件的转好早于西部.(3)呼伦贝尔沙地的古土壤早在14.5ka便开始发育,可能一直延续到最近2ka.中国东部各个沙地的古土壤发育具有高度的空间异质性,甚至各个沙地内部不同地点的古土壤发育时间也不一致,但是总体上中全新世(尤其是在7.5~3.5ka)各个沙地趋于固定,风沙活动强度显著减弱.近十年来中国东部沙地的古环境记录数量迅速增长,但是已经发表的数据数量与中国东部沙地广大的空间范围仍然不匹配,要全面理解中国北方风沙活动与气候变化的关系还需对更多的风沙沉积剖面进行深入研究.     

气候变化和人类活动对黄土高原植被覆盖变化的影响

利用GIMMS和SPOT VGT两种归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据对黄土高原地区1981~2006年期间植被覆盖的时空变化进行了研究, 并从气候变化和人类活动的角度分析了植被覆盖变化的原因. 黄土高原地区植被覆盖经历了以下4个阶段: ① 1981~1989年植被覆盖持续增加时期; ② 1990~1998年以小幅波动为特征的相对稳定时期; ③ 1999~2001年植被覆盖迅速下降时期; ④ 2002~2006年植被覆盖进入迅速上升时期. 黄土高原地区植被覆盖变化存在显著的空间差异, 内蒙古和宁夏沿黄农业灌溉区和鄂尔多斯退耕还林还草生态恢复区的植被覆盖明显提高, 而黄土丘陵沟壑区和六盘山、秦岭北坡等山地森林区的植被覆盖明显退化. 从不同的植被类型来看, 沙地、草地和耕地的NDVI上升趋势显著, 而森林植被的NDVI呈明显的下降趋势. 研究表明: 植被覆盖变化是气候变化和人类活动共同作用的结果. 黄土高原地区气候变暖在加剧土壤干燥化抑制夏季植被生长的同时, 提高了春、秋季节植被生长活性, 延长了植被生长期. 黄土高原地区植被覆盖和降水关系密切, 降水变化是植被覆盖变化的重要原因. 农业生产水平的提高致使农业区NDVI在不断上升, 同时, 正在黄土高原大规模进行的退耕还林还草工程建设, 其生态效应也正在呈现.     

中国地表气温变化对土地利用/覆被类型的敏感性

利用观测气温与再分析气温的差值分析了近40年中国地表气温变化对土地利用/覆被类型的敏感性.结果表明：土地利用/覆被类型对地表气温变化具有稳定的、系统性的影响,在全球变暖背景下各类型的响应不同,以沙地、戈壁和裸岩石砾地为主的未利用地升温幅度最大,为0.21℃/10a;其次是草地、耕地和城乡、工矿、居民用地,分别为0.12,0.10,0.12℃/10a;林地升温趋势最弱,为0.06℃/10a.总体来看,沙地、戈壁等未利用地和人类活动较多的区域地表升温幅度大,植被覆盖状况好的区域升温趋势则较弱;同一一级类型下理化特性及生物过程相似的二级类型对地表气温的影响程度相近,土地利用/覆被类型的变化需要达到一定的强度,导致地表特性发生本质改变后才会对局地气温产生较明显的影响;同一土地利用/覆被类型下,中国东部人类活动强度大的区域升温更为明显.这一结果为众多土地利用/覆被变化对气候影响的数值模拟试验研究提供了观测事实的支持.在区域尺度上预测未来中国气候变化不仅要考虑温室气体增加的影响,还要考虑土地利用/覆被类型及其变化的影响.     

冕宁地区中更新世早期沉积环境与古环境演化研究

昔格达组地层是我国西南地区晚新生代典型的沉积地层之一,但针对其沉积环境和古环境的研究记录较少。为此以冕宁县城西北方向钻孔揭示的昔格达组沉积物为研究对象,通过沉积物年代、粒度和孢粉测试分析,结合沉积序列、岩性岩相、沉积构造特征等,可知736～719 ka期间沉积物以滨湖亚相的沉积环境为主,植被分布存在显著的垂直地带性,气候整体温暖湿润;719～563 ka期间沉积物以深湖-滨湖亚相的沉积环境为主,此阶段针叶类植被花粉含量增加,禾本花粉含量稍有下降,气候较上一阶段变冷干;563～455 ka期间沉积物以半深湖-浅湖亚相沉积环境为主,此阶段针叶类植被花粉含量增高,阔叶类植被花粉含量稍有减少,指示该时期古环境较为冷湿。     

云南鹤庆盆地中更新世以来的孢粉记录及其植被与气候变化

通过对“中国大陆环境钻探计划”首钻——云南鹤庆深钻前155 m约800 ka以来的岩芯进行孢粉研究,探讨了云南鹤庆盆地中更新世以来的植被演替与古气候变迁．研究表明鹤庆盆地周围山地的植被在约800 kaBP至6．98 kaBP之间经历了以松为主的针叶林、山地针阔叶混交林、寒温性针叶林的多次相互演替;从6．98 kaBP开始,植被发生了转折性变化,森林植被迅速退化,以草本为主,此时开始受到人类活动的影响,人类活动表现在砍伐森林和种植农作物等方面.与植被演替相应的古气候可划分为五个大的阶段,包含多次冷暖、干湿旋回．     

末次盛冰期以来西藏东南部的气候变化--西藏东南部的花粉记录

从西藏东南部的海登湖和仁错两个封闭湖泊的钻孔岩心中得到良好的AMS14C测年及高分辨率的孢粉记录.和邻近区域的资料对比揭示了研究区末次冰盛期晚期以来的气候记录:大约20000～14000 cal.aBP期间,气候寒冷干燥,植被以耐旱植物为主,1和7月的气温均低于现在,年降水量只有现在的40%,湖面较低;14000～12500 cal.aBP期间,气候仍较寒冷干燥,为草原植被,季风萎缩,低湖面;12500～9400 cal.aBP期间,气温和降水量都逐步上升,开始出现木本植物,如桦木和松树;9400～2400 cal.aBP期间,气候温暖湿润,季风的增强导致湖面的上升,植被以针阔混交林为主,有桦、栎、松、云杉和冷杉等.2400 cal.aBP之后,气候变冷变干,孢粉谱中落叶树的比例下降,草本植物花粉上升.     

近0.3 ka来龙感湖流域人类活动的湖泊环境响应

通过210Pb测年、历史事件记载和沉积记录, 对钻孔岩芯沉积物年代进行了确定. 利用花粉、硅藻、磁参数、色素及结合态磷等多环境代用指标分析, 讨论了近0.3 ka来龙感湖流域植被、土壤侵蚀变化与湖泊环境演化之间的关系, 特别是龙感湖营养态的变化. 湖泊经历了两次由贫营养向中等营养的转变, 两次富营养化的发生(1770AD后和1906AD后)与人类活动增强导致的湖泊营养外负荷的增加密切相关. 历史时期降水的变化又是决定该区人类活动强度变化的诱因. 近0.04 ka来, 湿地的严重破坏和流域化学肥料的使用, 使得湖泊富营养化程度呈现明显加重趋势.     

中全新世以来杭州湾古气候、环境变迁及对良渚文化的可能影响

利用在杭州湾西部良渚古城遗址附近获取的沉积物岩芯,试图通过高精度加速器质谱(AMS)测年以及多气候、环境代用指标的分析来揭示中全新世以来良渚地区的气候、环境变迁历史,进而讨论其与良渚文化消亡的可能联系.对沉积物的有孔虫分析显示:在大约7500 5200 cal a B.P.期间,研究区为富含有孔虫的潮滩相沉积环境;而约5200 cal a B.P.以来,有孔虫逐渐消失,反映了研究区逐渐脱离海水影响成陆的过程.孢粉记录显示:研究区在约5200 5000 cal a B.P.期间以常绿、落叶阔叶植被为主,伴有少量针叶植被,气候总体上相对暖湿.而在大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.期间,针叶植被的相对增加总体反映了趋于凉湿的气候.在约4000 1500 cal a B.P.期间,虽然常绿阔叶植被重新占据相对优势,但总体呈现逐渐减少的趋势,同时落叶阔叶类植被增加,表明了趋暖偏干的气候;同时,该段水生草本、蕨类植被和藻类的相对增加或许反映了研究区下垫面开始沼泽、湿地化的趋势.约1500 400 cal a B.P.期间,木本植被整体呈减少趋势,陆生草本植被则大量增加,针叶植被进一步减少,表明气候进一步趋干;同时,水生草本和藻类的急剧增加,可能反映了湿地化加剧的状况.最近约400 cal a B.P.以来,针叶植被急剧增加,常绿阔叶植被减少,可能反映了气候突然变冷的过程.岩芯下段禾本科孢粉(40μm)的出现与研究区脱海成陆的时间相吻合,这表明良渚时期(大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.)研究区水稻种植已有一定规模.但在大约4000 cal a B.P.前后的良渚文化末期,禾本科孢粉浓度一度出现降低,这可能反映了研究区人类活动强度的减弱,其与良渚文明衰落的时间基本吻合.总体上看,这一变化发生在趋干的气候背景以及沼泽化、湿地化加剧的下垫面条件下,暗示了气候、环境因素对良渚文明的衰落可能具有重要影响.     

Relative pollen productivities of typical steppe species in northern China and their potential in past vegetation reconstruction

The Relative Pollen Productivities(RPPs)of common steppe species are estimated using Extended R-value(ERV)model based on pollen analysis and vegetation survey of 30 surface soil samples from typical steppe area of northern China.Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,Poaceae,Cyperaceae,and Asteraceae are the dominant pollen types in pollen assemblages,reflecting the typical steppe communities well.The five dominant pollen types and six common types(Thalictrum,Iridaceae,Potentilla,Ephedra,Brassicaceae,and Ulmus)have strong wind transport abilities;the estimated Relevant Source Area of Pollen(RSAP)is ca.1000 m when the sediment basin radius is set at 0.5 m.Ulmus,Artemisia,Brassicaceae,Chenopodiaceae,and Thalictrum have relative high RPPs;Poaceae,Cyperaceae,Potentilla,and Ephedra pollen have moderate RPPs;Asteraceae and Iridaceae have low RPPs.The reliability test of RPPs revealed that most of the RPPs are reliable in past vegetation reconstruction.However,the RPPs of Asteraceae and Iridaceae are obviously underestimated,and those of Poaceae,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra are either slightly underestimated or slightly overestimated,suggesting that those RPPs should be considered with caution.These RPPs were applied to estimating plant abundances for two fossil pollen spectra(from the Lake Bayanchagan and Lake Haoluku)covering the Holocene in typical steppe area,using the"Regional Estimates of Vegetation Abundance from Large Sites"(REVEALS)model.The RPPs-based vegetation reconstruction revealed that meadow-steppe dominated by Poaceae,Cyperaceae,and Artemisia plants flourished in this area before 6500–5600 cal yr BP,and then was replaced by present typical steppe.     

吉兰泰盐湖沉积物孢粉记录的季风边缘区全新世气候演化

全新世气候具有不稳定性,且存在着区域差异,在季风边缘区尤为显著.因此,本研究选取季风边缘区吉兰泰盐湖沉积物的孢粉记录并结合AMS14C测年结果,对该地区全新世的古植被演化及古气候变化历史进行了重建.结果表明,在全新世阶段,该地区植被类型未发生变化,以干旱的荒漠植被为主.早全新世(10.5 8.5 cal ka BP),以蒿属孢粉为主,伴随出现少量藜科、禾本科及麻黄属孢粉,蒿藜比(A/C比值)相对稳定(4.11左右),指示全新世早期气候逐步转湿的过程,在8.5 cal ka BP,蒿属孢粉数量下降且被藜科孢粉取代,指示一次明显气候干旱事件;中全新世(8.5 3.5 cal ka BP),蒿属孢粉含量增加及藜科孢粉含量降低,A/C比值在7.1 cal ka BP左右达到峰值,指示该地区中全新世气候最为湿润;晚全新世(3.5 cal ka BP至今),藜科孢粉含量增加且超过早全新世,A/C比值低至3.66,区域呈现明显的干旱化趋势.此外,结合吉兰泰盐湖沉积物矿物组成结果,发现中全新世湖泊沉积物中,钙芒硝大量出现,一定程度上指示降水量增多所带来的淡水注入,与孢粉指标指示该阶段湿润的结果一致.通过区域对比,发现吉兰泰地区在全新世时期的气候演化模式与东亚季风区具有较好的一致性,表明该地区受到东亚夏季风的影响较大,尤其是在中全新世,东亚夏季风增强,带来较多的降水,气候湿润.     

Modern pollen assemblages from surface lake sediments in northwestern China and their importance as indicators of vegetation and climate

The modern pollen assemblages of surface lake sediments and topsoils in northwestern China were studied to understand the relationship of modern pollen data with contemporary vegetation and climate, and the differences between the pollen assemblages of surface lake sediments and topsoils. The results show that Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia are dominant elements in the pollen assemblages of northwestern China. Additionally, Ephedra, Cyperaceae, Asteraceae, Poaceae, Picea, Pinus, and Betula are also important pollen taxa. Both pollen assemblages and principal component analysis indicate that pollen data from surface lake sediments and topsoils can be used to differentiate the main vegetation types of this region(desert, steppe, meadow and forest). However, differences exist between modern pollen assemblages of the two types of sediments due to the different relevant source areas of pollen and degrees of pollen preservation. For example, the larger relevant source area of surface lake sediment results in a higher abundance of Betula in pollen assemblage from surface lake sediment, whereas the tendency to disintegrate thin-walled pollen types in topsoil leads to a higher proportion of resistant pollen, such as Asteraceae. Linear regression analysis indicates that the Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae(A/C) ratio in pollen assemblages of surface lake sediments can be used to indicate humidity changes in the study area. However, the A/C ratio in topsoils should be used carefully. Our results suggest that pollen data from surface lake sediments would be better references for interpreting the fossil pollen assemblages of lake cores or lacustrine profiles.     

近40年来南四湖湿地NDVI变化特征及其控制因子分析

利用Landsat系列卫星的MSS、TM和ETM+遥感数据,计算了研究区的归一化植被指数(NDVI),并以此为湿地植被活动的指标,研究1973 2011年间该湿地植被变化特征及年内季节变化特征,揭示植被活动在年内和年际变化的控制因子以及湿地植被对于气候变化、人类活动和极端干旱事件的响应特征.结果表明:(1)近40年来南四湖湿地植被各个季节的变化特征不尽相同.春季NDVI呈现先降低后增加的特征,主要先后受到研究区围垦、渔业养殖等人为活动和气候变化(增温)的影响;夏季和冬季的NDVI呈现显著降低趋势,主要受到围垦、渔业养殖等人类活动的影响;秋季NDVI的变化不显著.(2)年内季节变化方面,湿地植被面积和NDVI都呈现单峰的变化特征,从春季开始增加,在夏季末(全年的第202和205 d)达到最大值,然后开始下降,到冬季降至最低.植被的年内季节变化特征主要受到月均温度的控制.(3)干旱在一定程度上不是湖泊湿地NDVI增加的限制因子.干旱导致湖泊水位下降,滨湖滩地及湖底露出,可能会促进湿地植被生长和植被面积的扩大,使得湿地NDVI增加.     

On the sand surface stability in the southern part of Gurbantünggüt Desert

Longitudinal dunes are the most widespread dune types in the world sand seas but comprehensive study on the sand surface stability is scarce. The southern part of Gürbantünggüt Desert is mainly covered by longitudinal dune in which fixed and semi-fixed dunes occupy over 80% of the total area. Systematic analysis on the climatic conditions, the soil moisture and vegetation distributions, and the sand surface activities showed that the fixed and semi-fixed dunes are in a comprehensive low-energy wind environment. Snow cover and frozen soil provide a good protection to the ground surface in winter. The temporal distribution of precipitation and corresponding variation of temperature create a favorable condition for the desert plants growth, especially for the ephemeral plants. The occurrence of effective winds for sand moving in April to June coincides with the stage of relatively wet sand surface and good vegetation cover, which effectively keep the sand surface stable at the interdune and the plinth of the dunes. Activity sand surface appears only at the crest and the upper part of the sand dunes.     

Characteristics of the modern pollen assemblages from different vegetation zones in Northeast China: Implications for pollen-based climate reconstruction

Northeast China is an essential area for studying the strength of East Asian Summer Monsoon(EASM), due to its northernmost location in EASM domain. However, the lack of sufficient modern pollen data in this region hinders an effective interpretation of fossil pollen records and quantitative vegetation/climate reconstructions. Here, 44 surface pollen samples from forest, steppe, and meadow were used to explore pollen-vegetation-climate relationships. Cluster analysis, species indicator analysis, and principal components analysis, were used to identify the discontinuous and continuous trends in pollen dataset. In addition, correlation analysis and boosted regression trees were used to investigate primary explanatory variables, while coinertia analysis and redundancy analysis to examine pollen-vegetation and pollen-climate correlations respectively. Our results show that:(1) vegetation can be well represented by surface pollen assemblages, i.e. forest is characterized by a high proportion of tree pollen(70%) dominated by Betula(40%) along with Alnus, Larix, and Pinus, whereas Steppe by herb pollen(80%),dominated by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae;(2) significant correlations exist between pollen assemblages and mean annual temperature and then mean annual precipitation;(3) pollen ratios of Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae and arboreal/non-arboreal can respectively be used as good indicators of humidity and temperature in Northeast China.     

长江中下游升金湖湿地越冬鸭属(Anas)鸟类群落结构和行为特征

升金湖是长江中下游地区典型的浅水通江湖泊,是东亚-澳大利西亚候鸟迁徙路线上水鸟重要的越冬地. 2017年11月-2018年3月,以该湖泊越冬鸭属(Anas)鸟类为研究对象,对其在芦苇湿地、芡实塘、退耕还湿和水生植被恢复湿地4种湿地生境中的群落结构、行为特征及其环境影响因素进行了研究. 结果表明,升金湖分布有10种越冬鸭属鸟类,斑嘴鸭(Anas poecilorhyncha)、绿翅鸭(A. crecca)和绿头鸭(A. platyrhynchos)为该属鸟类群落的优势种. 鸭属鸟类群落在越冬前期种类和数量最多,在整个越冬期,鸭属鸟类在芦苇湿地中种数、数量、密度和多样性指数最高. 在水生植物盖度高、人为活动弱的芦苇湿地,鸭类的主要行为是休息;在食物资源丰富、人为活动强的芡实塘和退耕还湿湿地,其主要行为是觅食和警戒. 鸭属鸟类群落种数、数量、密度和多样性指数与湿地的面积、水域面积、水生植物盖度呈正相关,与干扰度和水深呈负相关. 觅食时间与气温和沉水植物的盖度呈正相关,与水深和干扰度呈负相关,警戒时间与干扰度呈正相关,与挺水植物的盖度呈负相关. 各种恢复类型的湿地生境成为越冬鸭属鸟类的重要栖息地,因此恢复多种湿地栖息地对于越冬水鸟的保护具有重要意义.     

Diversity and zonal distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal status of the 20 most common plant species distributed in 4 vegetation types (meadow steppe, desert steppe, steppe desert and typical desert) on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains was investigated. Samples of the plant species and their rhizosphere soils were collected from the 4 vegetation zones and examined to compare their mycorrhizal status, AM fungal spore densities, biovolumes, and community structures. 28 AM fungal species were isolated from the rhizosphere soils: of these, 5 belonged to Acaulospora, 1 to Archaeospora and 22 to Glomus. 5 AM fungi, Glomus aggregatum, G. claroideum, G. deserticola, G. etunicatum and G. sinuosum, were observed in all 4 zonal types. No significant differences were observed in mean proportion of root length colonized by AM fungi among the plant species within each zonal type. Comparing the 4 zonal types, Plantago minuta (84.5%) in steppe desert and Eremopyrum orientale (83.1%) in typical desert showed the highest root colonizatsion rates. AM fungal spore densities and biovolumes were significantly different in the different zonal types. AM fungal spore densities and biovolumes, species richness and diversity were highest in meadow steppe and lowest in typical desert.     

Humid Little Ice Age in arid central Asia documented by Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China

Short sediment cores retrieved from Bosten Lake, the largest inland freshwater lake in China, were used to explore humidity and precipitation variations in arid central Asia during the past millennium. The chronology of the cores was established using 137Cs, 210Pb and AMS 14C dating re- sults. Multi-proxy high-resolution analysis, including pollen ratios of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae (A/C), carbonate content and grain size, indicates that the climate during the past millennium can be divided into three stages: a dry climate between 1000―1500 AD, a humid climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (c. 1500―1900 AD), and a warm dry period after 1900 AD. On centennial timescales, the climate change in northwestern China during the past 1000 years is characterized by oscillations between warm-dry and cold-humid climate conditions. All the proxies changed significantly and indi- cate increased precipitation during the LIA, including increased pollen A/C ratios and pollen concen- trations, decreased carbonate content and increased grain size. The humid period during the LIA re- corded by the Bosten Lake sediments is representative of arid central Asia and is supported by nu- merous records from other sites. During the LIA, the water runoff into the Keriya River and Tarim River in the Tarim Basin increased, while the ice accumulation in the Guliya ice core increased. Additionally, the lake levels of the Aral and Caspian Sea also rose, while tree-ring analysis indicates that precipita- tion increased. We hypothesize that both the lower temperature within China and the negative anomalies of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during this period may have contributed to the humid climate within this area during LIA.     

鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区的外来入侵植物调查

通过对鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区的实地调查,初步确定区内有外来入侵植物12科16属19种,其中菊科最多,有4种。研究表明:对鄱阳湖湿地危害较为严重的外来入侵种有裸柱菊、野胡萝卜、野老鹳草、空心莲子草等4种,外来植物入侵主要由人为活动无意引入和自然传入共同作用产生,在保护区内的分布受到湖泊水位影响。