黔东北沿河大竹园萤石矿床成矿物质来源探讨:地球化学制约

黔东北沿河大竹园萤石矿赋存于下奥陶统桐梓组及红花园组碳酸盐岩内,受NW向断裂构造控制。该类萤石矿床在黔东北及渝东南一带广泛分布。本文对该萤石矿床的萤石单矿物及围岩进行了微量元素及稀土元素地球化学分析,结果显示萤石的微量元素仅Pb、Zn、Co、Ni等元素含量相对较高,Rb、Sr、Ta、Zr、Nb、V、Cr、U、Th、Hf等元素含量仅为地壳值的0.01~0.05倍。稀土元素含量很低(∑REE=2.35×10–6~4.80×10–6),相对富集轻稀土元素(LREE/HREE=3.12~6.33),具有Eu正、负异常(δEu=0.59~1.59)和Ce负异常(δCe=0.80~0.96)。萤石与赋矿围岩具有相近的微量元素配分型式,均明显亏损Nb、Zr、Hf等元素,富集Ba、U、Sr等元素。萤石与赋矿碳酸盐岩都具有轻稀土相对富集、重稀土相对亏损,明显右倾的REE配分型式。综合分析认为该萤石矿的成矿物质Ca主要来源于碳酸盐岩围岩;而碳酸盐岩围岩的F元素含量很低,结合萤石的微量元素及δEu、δCe值特征,暗示形成萤石的成矿流体经过了深部演化,成矿物质F可能主要来自深部富F地层。     

福建邵武地区张厝萤石矿微量、稀土元素地球化学特征

张厝萤石矿是福建邵武地区典型萤石矿床之一, 萤石矿体赋存于晚侏罗世似斑(少斑)中细粒(细粒)正长花岗岩的断裂构造中, 矿体产状严格受断裂控制。本文对萤石矿石及围岩的微量元素及稀土元素进行了系统分析。微量元素分析结果显示: 亏损高场强元素Nb、Zr及大离子亲石元素Sr、Ba, 富集高场强元素U、Hf、Ti和大离子亲石元素Rb。萤石和围岩稀土配分曲线具有相似同步性, 因此认为研究区萤石的成矿物质来源是相同的, 物源具有相似性。萤石矿稀土元素分布模式为右倾的轻稀土富集型, Eu处出现一个明显“V”形, 表现为负Eu异常、Ce弱正异常, 表明其形成于还原环境中。通过Tb/Ca-Tb/La关系图分析, 说明该萤石矿为热液充填型萤石矿床。综合分析, 认为该萤石矿的成矿物质F和Ca主要来源于热液对围岩的淋滤和萃取, 成矿热液主要来源于大气降水。     

江西宁都坎田萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及其指示意义

赣南地区萤石资源丰富, 坎田萤石矿位于赣南地区的兴国—宁都萤石成矿带上, 矿体赋存于晚侏罗世黑云母花岗岩内。本文结合研究区的区域地质背景, 对江西宁都坎田萤石矿床的萤石及围岩进行了稀土元素地球化学特征研究, 以探讨坎田萤石矿床的成矿流体来源和矿床成因。其研究结果表明, 萤石的稀土元素总量为34.11×10–6~78.12×10–6, 属于轻稀土富集型, 稀土元素配分曲线形态基本一致; 围岩的稀土元素总量为94.14×10–6~175.72×10–6, 其配分模式与萤石具有相似同步性, 且萤石与围岩具有相近的Sm/Nd比值, 均表明萤石的成矿流体来源与围岩密切相关。结合前人在赣南地区对萤石气液包裹体进行氢氧同位素特征的研究, 认为成矿流体主要来源于大气降水, 成矿物质Ca和F元素主要来自于大气降水对燕山早期的黑云母花岗岩的淋滤和萃取。通过研究区的地质背景、萤石的强烈负Eu异常特征以及Tb/Ca-Tb/La关系图, 认为研究区萤石矿属于还原环境下的中低温热液充填型萤石矿床。     

内蒙古上库力地区萤石矿稀土元素地球化学特征及成因探讨

通过对上库力地区萤石矿石微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征研究,表明该地区萤石矿的微量元素表现为亏损Ti、Zr、Nb、Th,富集U、Sr、Sm,一定程度上反应了萤石矿床形成过程中源区的相似性。萤石矿的稀土元素地球化学配分模式分为轻稀土富集型及轻稀土亏损型,二者含量萤石的稀土元素总量差别较为明显,且与围岩分配模式大体一致。Eu既有正异常也有负异常,反映成矿流体既有氧化环境又有还原环境;Ce表现为弱的负异常,一定程度上反应该地区萤石成矿流体演化的一致性。综合分析研究表明,上库力地区萤石矿成因类型为为中低温热液充填型矿床,成矿物质来源为同源。     

新疆青河县库布苏破碎蚀变岩型金矿元素迁移特征与规律研究

本文以新疆库布苏金矿北矿带为研究对象,讨论了库布苏金矿床北矿带元素活动特征,成矿及伴生元素、主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素的质量迁移规律;根据稀土元素的质量迁移、地球化学特征,初步探讨了成矿流体的环境条件和来源问题;并依据元素迁移地球化学图研究了库布苏北矿带105勘探线剖面的元素质量迁移程度和范围。研究结果表明,赋矿闪长玢岩脉及围岩的元素发生明显的带入带出作用,元素迁移活动规律明显,成矿阶段发生明显带入有Au、As、Bi、Ag、Sb、K2O、Si O2,说明引起闪长玢岩脉和接触带围岩蚀变的流体中富含Au、As、K2O、Si O2等,导致这些带入元素向矿体迁移富集;发生明显带出的有Ba、Sr、Cu、Mg O、Na2O、Fe2O3、Ca O,说明Ba、Sr、Mg O、Na2O等受热液蚀变作用随流体迁出。矿区岩脉的稀土元素质量变化显著,发生明显的带入带出,岩脉交代蚀变前后的轻重稀土分馏均明显,蚀变后的岩脉轻重稀土分馏程度有减小趋势。赋矿闪长玢岩脉稀土元素配分曲线右倾,轻稀土富集,轻重稀土分馏明显,Eu强烈负异常,Ce弱负异常,说明库布苏金矿成矿流体条件应为较高温度和还原环境。从围岩与脉岩中元素的迁移程度和迁移范围可见,带入的成矿指示元素有As、W、Sb、Bi,带出的成矿指示元素有Mg、Na。     

阜新萤石成矿区稀土元素地球化学特征及指示意义

为了研究阜新萤石成矿机制,对其稀土元素地球化学特征进行了分析。阜新地区萤石矿赋存于早二叠世、晚三叠世和晚侏罗世花岗岩中。地球化学分析结果显示,所有萤石均具有弱的Ce负异常,其稀土配分模式存在3种类型:Eu明显亏损型、Eu弱亏损型和Eu富集型。萤石中稀土元素的含量并不随围岩中的稀土元素含量的增加而增加,晚期侵入的花岗岩富集轻稀土元素。从成矿早期到成矿晚期,萤石的稀土元素配分型式从Eu明显亏损型向富集型演化,稀土元素总量逐渐降低。赋存于早二叠世和晚三叠世花岗岩中萤石矿流体包裹体中SO42-含量及液相成分还原参数指标指示,成矿流体由还原条件向氧化条件转变,成矿物质主要来源于赋矿花岗岩。     

内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床地质特征及成因探讨

为进一步明确内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床的成因,为该区下一步萤石矿找矿勘查工作提供参考,在系统总结研究区萤石矿床地质特征及分布规律的基础上,通过分析典型萤石矿床围岩和萤石的微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征,探讨萤石矿床的成因及成矿物质来源。结果表明,喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿中萤石的Cu、Pb和Zn含量较低,轻稀土元素略富集,稀土元素总量相对较低,说明该区萤石矿成矿流体为岩浆期后热液成因的可能性较小; 萤石矿与赋矿围岩的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线相似且同步,当围岩为黑云母二长花岗岩时,萤石及围岩与华南黑云母的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线一致,表明萤石中的稀土元素可能主要来源于被破坏了的黑云母,说明这类萤石成矿物质主要来源于地下热水流体对围岩的淋滤和萃取。结合研究区北部林西地区萤石矿床H-O、S同位素研究成果,认为喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿属于有大气降水参与的热液脉状充填型成因类型。     

内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床地质特征及成因探讨

为进一步明确内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床的成因,为该区下一步萤石矿找矿勘查工作提供参考,在系统总结研究区萤石矿床地质特征及分布规律的基础上,通过分析典型萤石矿床围岩和萤石的微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征,探讨萤石矿床的成因及成矿物质来源。结果表明,喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿中萤石的Cu、Pb和Zn含量较低,轻稀土元素略富集,稀土元素总量相对较低,说明该区萤石矿成矿流体为岩浆期后热液成因的可能性较小; 萤石矿与赋矿围岩的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线相似且同步,当围岩为黑云母二长花岗岩时,萤石及围岩与华南黑云母的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线一致,表明萤石中的稀土元素可能主要来源于被破坏了的黑云母,说明这类萤石成矿物质主要来源于地下热水流体对围岩的淋滤和萃取。结合研究区北部林西地区萤石矿床H-O、S同位素研究成果,认为喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿属于有大气降水参与的热液脉状充填型成因类型。     

塔里木盆地奥陶系萤石矿和礁滩相油藏耦合关系与成矿模式

塔里木盆地巴楚-柯坪野外露头区和塔中井区奥陶系萤石矿体呈串珠状或沿裂缝呈条带状分布,通过露头岩心、钻井岩心、普通薄片、电子探针、X衍射、阴极发光、流体包裹体和微量元素、稳定同位素分析等方法,对萤石矿及其围岩和油藏进行详细研究,探讨萤石矿和礁滩相油藏耦合关系与成矿模式.萤石矿体富集在礁、滩相灰岩为基岩的与断层相关的部分岩溶洞穴中,和萤石一起共生的矿物还有方解石、重晶石、硬石膏、石英及黑色沥青,萤石中含丰富的液态、气态烃包裹体、固态沥青包裹体和柱条状石膏子晶;萤石的K/Rb和Sr/Ba比值远小于正常海水值,富铕及轻稀土元素而贫重稀土元素,其礁滩相围岩碳、氧同位素具越靠近萤石脉体δ13C和δ18O值负偏移越明显特征,萤石相对其围岩具有更高的87Sr/86 Sr比值.研究表明塔里木盆地奥陶系萤石矿属于“被动型”密西西比层控矿床,成矿机理为礁滩型“油气藏”转化为“矿捕”作用,具先成藏后成矿、多期成藏多期成矿特点,成矿流体具有盆地油田卤水和深循环大气淡水双重特征的后期低温热液成因性质,成矿物质来源于下寒武统下部黑色硅质岩及磷块岩,不整合面和断层是热液流体及成矿流体运移通道,生物礁滩和区域断层对萤石矿或油藏具有极其重要的“层、相、位”控制作用.     

内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床地质特征及成因探讨

为进一步明确内蒙古喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿床的成因,为该区下一步萤石矿找矿勘查工作提供参考,在系统总结研究区萤石矿床地质特征及分布规律的基础上,通过分析典型萤石矿床围岩和萤石的微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征,探讨萤石矿床的成因及成矿物质来源。结果表明,喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿中萤石的Cu、Pb和Zn含量较低,轻稀土元素略富集,稀土元素总量相对较低,说明该区萤石矿成矿流体为岩浆期后热液成因的可能性较小;萤石矿与赋矿围岩的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线相似且同步,当围岩为黑云母二长花岗岩时,萤石及围岩与华南黑云母的球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分曲线一致,表明萤石中的稀土元素可能主要来源于被破坏了的黑云母,说明这类萤石成矿物质主要来源于地下热水流体对围岩的淋滤和萃取。结合研究区北部林西地区萤石矿床H-O、S同位素研究成果,认为喀喇沁旗地区萤石矿属于有大气降水参与的热液脉状充填型成因类型。     

滇东北矿集区茂租铅锌矿床地球化学特征

茂租铅锌矿床位于扬子地台西南缘,是滇东北矿集区内的一个大型矿床,矿体主要呈似层状产于震旦系灯影组白云岩中;矿石矿物以闪锌矿为主,次为方铅矿;脉石矿物主要为白云石、方解石和萤石。本文对该矿床中与铅锌矿密切共生的团块状白云石、方解石和萤石以及围岩灯影组白云岩的REE地球化学特征和C、O、Sr同位素进行了对比研究。结果表明:团块状白云石和方解石的稀土配分模式、C同位素和Sr同位素比值与围岩灯影组白云岩比较接近,表明形成团块状白云石和方解石的成矿流体主要来源于围岩灯影组白云岩的溶解;但这两种矿物的稀土总量ΣREE高于灯影组白云岩,说明成矿流体除了主要由围岩提供REE外,还有部分其他富含REE流体的加入。萤石则具有LREE亏损和分配曲线相对平缓的稀土配分模式特征,表明萤石形成于成矿的晚阶段,有更多的外部流体的加入。团块状白云石、方解石和萤石表现出明显的Eu正异常,且团块状白云石和方解石的O同位素低于灯影组白云岩,反映了存在较高温度的流体活动,这3种脉石矿物是由高温热液流体形成的。灯影组白云岩和3种脉石矿物都具有明显的Ce负异常,说明成矿流体可能主要来源于地层循环水,继承了围岩的Ce负异常特征。方解石和萤石的Sr同位素比值高于围岩震旦系灯影组白云岩和峨眉山玄武岩,但小于基底岩石昆阳群和会理群,说明成矿流体主要由赋矿围岩等沉积地层中的循环流体与流经了基底岩石的深部流体混合形成。     

四川牦牛坪稀土矿床萤石Sr、Nd同位素对地幔成矿流体的指示意义

萤石是四川牦牛坪稀土矿床主要的脉石矿物之一，其形成贯穿了整个稀土成矿过程，因此同位素的研究对探讨萤石和稀土成矿流体的来源具有重要的价值。矿区6件萤石样品的Sr、Nd同位素组成没有明显差异，结合围岩（碳酸岩－正长岩，花岗岩）同位素组成特征研究表明，不同颜色、来自不同矿石类型、具有不同REE类型的萤石为同源产物，稀土成矿流体来源于富集地幔，与区内碳酸岩－正长岩岩浆活动密切相关。     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000125

<正>Carbonatites are commonly related to the accumulation of economically valuable substances such as REE.Cu,and P.The debate over the origin of carbonatites and their relationship to associated silicate rocks has been ongoing for about 45 years.Worldwide,the rocks characteristically display more geochemical enrichments in Ba,Sr and REE than sedimentary carbonate rocks.However,carbonatite's geochemical features are disputed because of secondary mineral effects.Rock-forming carbonates from carbonatites at Qinling.Panxi region,and Bayan Obo in China show REE distribution patterns ranging from LREE enrichment to flat patterns.They are characterized by a Sr content more than 10 times higher than that of secondary carbonates.The coarse- and fine-grained dolomites from Bayan Obo H8 dolomite marbles also show similar high Sr abundance,indicating that they are of igneous origin.Some carbonates in Chinese carbonatites show REE(especially HREE) contents and distribution patterns similar to those of the whole rocks.These intrusive carbonatites display lower platinum group elements and stronger fractionation between Pt and Ir relative to high-Si extrusive carbonatite.This indicates that most intrusive carbonatites may be carbonate cumulates.Maoniuping and Daluxiang in Panxi region are large REE deposits.Hydrothermal fluorite ore veins occur outside of the carbonatite bodies and are emplaced in wallrock syenite.The fiuorite in Maoniuping has Sr and Nd isotopes similar to carbonatite.The Daluxiang fiuorite shows Sr and REE compositions different from those in Maoniuping.The difference is reflected by both the carbonatites and rock-forming carbonates,indicating that REE mineralization is related to carbonatites.The cumulate processes of carbonate minerals make fractionated fluids rich in volatiles and LREE as a result of low partition coefficients for REE between carbonate and carbonatite melt and an increase from LREE to HREE.The carbonatite-derived fluid has interacted with wallrock to form REE ore veins.The amount of carbonatite dykes occurring near the Bayan Obo orebodies may support the same mineralization model,i.e.that fluids evolved from the carbonatite dykes reacted with H8 dolomite marble,and thus the different REE and isotope compositions of coarse- and fine-grained dolomite may be related to reaction processes.     

Geochemistry of meta-volcanic rocks from the Longbohe Cu deposit, Yunnan Province, China： Implications for the genesis and tectonic setting

The Longbohe Cu deposit, which is located in the southern part of the Honghe ore-forming zone, Yunnan Province, China, belongs to a typical ore field where volcanic rocks are of wide distribution and are associated with Cu mineralization in time and space. The volcanic rocks in the ore field, which have experienced varying degree of alteration or regional metamorphism, can be divided into three types, i.e., meta-andesite, meta-subvolcanic rock and meta-basic volcanic rock in accordance with their mineral assemblages. These three types of volcanic rocks in the ore field are relatively rich in Na and the main samples plot in the area of alkali basalts in the geochemical classification diagram. With the exception of very few elements, these three types of volcanic rocks are similar in the content of trace elements. In comparison to the basalts of different tectonic settings, the meta-volcanic rocks in the ore field are rich in high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Th, Nb, etc. and depleted in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as Sr, Ba, etc. and their primary mantle-normalized trace element patterns show remarkable negative Th and Nb anomalies and negative Sr and Ba anomalies. These three types of volcanic rocks are similar in REE content range and chondrite-normalized REE patterns with the exception of Eu anomaly. Various lines of evidence show that these three types of volcanic rocks in the ore field have the same source but are the products of different stages of magmatic evolution, their original magma is a product of partial melting of the metasomatically enriched mantle in the tensional tectonic setting within the continent plate, and the crystallization differentiation plays an important role in the process of magmatic evolution.     

贵州紫云方解石矿床地球化学特征及成因研究

贵州紫云方解石矿床是在贵州西南部新发现的非金属矿床,方解石矿体呈脉状、透镜状和似层状产出。对紫云火山关、达则等方解石矿床开展同位素地球化学及微量元素、稀土元素研究,结果表明碳、氧同位素显示成矿物质来源于海相碳酸盐岩,成矿流体以富含HCO3-为主,大气水参与成矿,与岩浆作用关系不大。其中达则矿段相对于围岩,成矿物质具有较高的Sr、Zn和Ni含量,稀土元素配分曲线明显区别于围岩,δEu显示正异常等特征,暗示可能有深部流体参与成矿。火山关、打劳等其他矿段,矿体和围岩具有相似的稀土配分模式和∑REE变化规律,表明成矿物质来源于碳酸盐岩围岩。通过区域成矿作用比较,认为成矿时代可能属于印支—燕山期。     

武当地块耀岭河群中两类不同性质的酸性火山岩研究

耀岭河群火山岩中可划分出两类不同性质的酸性火山岩:酸性岩A主要属碱流岩-白碱流岩类,酸性岩B主要属流纹英安岩/英安岩类。总体上看二者主量元素组成差异不大:SiO2含量为65.00%～79.85%,(Na2O+K2O)为5.26%～9.68%。强烈富集Th、Nb、Ta、La、Ce、Nd、Zr、Sm和Hf等微量元素,强烈亏损Ba、K、Sr、P、Ti等元素,稀土元素特征表现为∑REE很高(339.94～1152.85μg/g),具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu=0.18～0.32),与典型的大陆裂谷流纹岩的稀土曲线一致。酸性火山岩B显示K、Rb、Ba、Th和LREE的正异常和Sr、P、Ti和Nb的负异常,Eu具弱负异常(δEu=0.64～0.88),表现出与酸性火山岩A迥然不同的微量元素及稀土元素特征,而与耀岭河群基性火山岩相似,显示其成因可能与之有相同源区。     

Trace and REE element geochemistry of fluorite and its relation to uranium mineralizations,Gabal Gattar Area,Northern Eastern Desert,Egypt

Uranium mineralizations occur and form in a broad range of geologic setting and age, including magmatic to surfacial conditions, and there are numerous controls on their transportation and deposition, such as redox, pH, ligand concentration, complexation, and temperature. These temporal and spatial variations have caused a range of ore deposit mineral assemblages. Consequently, understanding their conditions of formation is still in its infancy. This research reports rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements of fluorite associated with hexavalent uranium mineralizations and tests of genetic models for the deposits. These data contribute to a better understanding of the variables controlling fluorite formation and uranium ore composition through understanding the evolution of these ore-forming hydrothermal systems. Fluorite in Gabal Gattar granite occurs as disseminations and/or thin veinlets and encrustations filling some uranium mineralized fissures and fractures along the northern margin of host granite mass. In the U-poor samples, fluorite forms well-developed large crystals that are commonly zoned. The zones are represented by alternating colorless and violet zones, and the outer zones are frequently dark violet. In the U-rich samples, fluorite is usually anhedral, unzoned, and has a dark violet color. The results of analysis of REE and trace element contents of fluorites using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicate that total REE in the anhedral unzoned fluorite are elevated compared to the well developed zoned fluorite, and also total REE in dark violet zones of zoned fluorite are elevated with respect to the colorless zones. The fluorites and host granite are generally characterized by strongly negative Eu anomalies and slightly negative or chondritic Ce anomalies. Accordingly, REE patterns of the fluorite and host granite are roughly alike, indicating that the source of REE and trace elements of hydrothermal fluids is the host granite leached by fluids. Y/Y*, Ce/Ce,* and Eu/Eu* patterns show that fluorite clearly records the compositional evolution of the hydrothermal solutions that have transferred trace and REE from host granite during the fluid–wall rocks interactions. The high uranium contents of fluorite in Gabal Gattar granite suggest that parent fluids bearing fluorine have interacted with host granite to leach uranium from the accessory minerals of granite and tetravalent uranium minerals in reduced or weakly oxidized zones.     

Geochemistry of alkali and nepheline syenites of the Ukrainian Shield: ICP-MS data

We present new geochemical data on alkali and nepheline syenites from various complexes of different age within the Ukrainian Shield. The results reveal a correlation between the content of trace elements in the syenites, their assignment to a particular rock complex, the chemistry of primary melts, and the degree of their differentiation. The data also suggest regional geochemical heterogeneity in the ultramafic-alkaline complexes of the Ukrainian Shield. The alkali and nepheline syenites in the ultramafic-alkaline massifs from the eastern and western parts of the region exhibit similar REE contents and Eu/Eu* ratios but are markedly different in Nb, Ta, Zr, and Hf content and are of the miaskitic type. These rocks have lower REE, Nb, and Zr and higher Sr and Ba compared with early foidolites. The rocks of the gabbro-syenite complexes define a distinct Fe-enrichment fractionation trend from early syenitic intrusions to more differentiated varieties; they are also characterized by lower Sr, Ba, and Eu/Eu* and significantly lower contents of some major elements, e.g., Ti, Mg, and P. The agpaitic index and concentrations of Zr, Nb, Y, and REE increase in the same direction. A similar geochemical feature is observed in the alkali syenites genetically associated with anorthositerapakivi-granite plutons, which show incompatible-element enrichment and strong depletion in Sr and Ba. The distinctive evolutionary trends of alkali and nepheline syenites from different rock complexes of the Ukrainian Shield can be explained by different mechanisms of their formation. The main petrogenetic mechanism controlling the distribution of trace elements in the rocks of ultramafic-alkaline complexes was the separation of parent melts of melanephelinite and melilitite types into immiscible phonolite and carbonatite liquids. The gabbro-syenite complexes and alkali syenites from anorthosite-rapakivi granite plutons evolved via crystallization differentiation, which involved extensive feldspar fractionation.     

Rare earth and other trace element mobility during mylonitization: a comparison of the Brevard and Hope Valley shear zones in the Appalachian Mountains, USA

In progressing from a granitoid mylonite to an ultramylonite in the Brevard shear zone in North Carolina, Ca and LOI (H₂O) increase, Si, Mg, K, Na, Ba, Sr, Ta, Cs and Th decrease, while changes in Al, Ti, Fe, P, Sc, Rb, REE, Hf, Cr and U are relatively small. A volume loss of 44% is calculated for the Brevard ultramylonite relative to an Al–Ti–Fe isocon. The increase in Ca and LOI is related to a large increase in retrograde epidote and muscovite in the ultramylonite, the decreases in K, Na, Si, Ba and Sr reflect the destruction of feldspars, and the decrease in Mg is related to the destruction of biotite during mylonitization. In an amphibolite facies fault zone separating grey and pink granitic gneisses in the Hope Valley shear zone in New England, compositional similarity suggests the ultramylonite is composed chiefly of the pink gneisses. Utilizing an Al–Ti–Fe isocon for the pink gneisses, Sc, Cr, Hf, Ta, U, Th and M-HREE are relatively unchanged, Si, LOI, K, Mg, Rb, Cs and Ba are enriched, and Ca, Na, P, Sr and LREE are lost during deformation. In contrast to the Brevard mylonite, the Hope Valley mylonite appears to have increased in volume by about 70%, chiefly in response to an introduction of quartz. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns of granitoids from both shear zones are LREE-enriched and have prominent negative Eu anomalies. Although REE increase in abundance in the Brevard ultramylonites (reflecting the volume loss), the shape of the REE pattern remains unchanged. In contrast, REE and especially LREE decrease in abundance with increasing deformation of the Hope Valley gneisses. Mass balance calculations indicate that ≥95% of the REE in the Brevard rocks reside in titanite. In contrast, in the Hope Valley rocks only 15–40% of the REE can be accounted for collectively by titanite, apatite and zircon. Possible sites for the remaining REE are allanite, fluorite or grain boundaries. Loss of LREE from the pink gneisses during deformation may have resulted from decreases in allanite and perhaps apatite or by leaching ofy REE from grain boundaries by fluids moving through the shear zone. Among the element ratios most resistant to change during mylonitization in the Brevard shear zone are La/Yb, Eu/Eu*, Sm/Nd, La/Sc, Th/Sc, Th/Yb, Cr/Th, Th/U and Hf/Ta, whereas the most stable ratios in the Hope Valley shear zone are K/Rb, Rb/Cs, Th/U, Eu/Eu*, Th/Sc, Th/Yb, Sm/Nd, Th/Ta, Hf/Ta and Hf/Yb. However, until more trace element data are available from other shear zones, these ratios should not be used alone to identify protoliths of deformed rocks.